scholarly journals Mitigating mountain hazards in Austria – legislation, risk transfer, and awareness building

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Holub ◽  
S. Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Land Use Regulations ◽  
Risk Transfer ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Mountain Hazards ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Administrative Units

Abstract. Embedded in the overall concept of integral risk management, mitigating mountain hazards is pillared by land use regulations, risk transfer, and information. In this paper aspects on legislation related to natural hazards in Austria are summarised, with a particular focus on spatial planning activities and hazard mapping, and possible adaptations focussing on enhanced resilience are outlined. Furthermore, the system of risk transfer is discussed, highlighting the importance of creating incentives for risk-aware behaviour, above all with respect to individual precaution and insurance solutions. Therefore, the issue of creating awareness through information is essential, which is presented subsequently. The study results in recommendations of how administrative units on different federal and local levels could increase the enforcement of regulations related to the minimisation of natural hazard risk. Moreover, the nexus to risk transfer mechanisms is provided, focusing on the current compensation system in Austria and some possible adjustments in order to provide economic incentives for (private) investments in mitigation measures, i.e. local structural protection. These incentives should be supported by delivering information on hazard and risk target-oriented to any stakeholder involved. Therefore, coping strategies have to be adjusted and the interaction between prevention and precaution has to be highlighted. The paper closes with recommendations of how these efforts could be achieved, with a particular focus on the situation in the Republic of Austria.

scholarly journals Multi-hazard assessment using GIS in the urban areas: Case study - Banja Luka municipality, B&H

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Radislav Tosic ◽  
Slavoljub Dragicevic ◽  
Novica Lovric ◽  
Ivica Milevski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
Banja Luka

The research presents a techniques for natural hazard assessment using GIS and cartographic approaches with multi-hazard mapping in urban communities, because natural hazards are a multi-dimensional phenomena which have a spatial component. Therefore the use of Remote Sensing and GIS has an important function and become essential in urban multi-hazard assessment. The first aim of this research was to determine the geographical distributions of the major types of natural hazards in the study area. Seismic hazards, landslides, rockfalls, floods, torrential floods, and excessive erosion are the most significant natural hazards within the territory of Banja Luka Municipality. Areas vulnerable to some of these natural hazards were singled out using analytical maps. Based on these analyses, an integral map of the natural hazards of the study area was created using multi-hazard assessment and the total vulnerability was determined by overlapping the results. The detailed analysis, through the focused research within the most vulnerable areas in the study area will highlight the administrative units (urban centres and communes) that are vulnerable to various types of natural hazard. The results presented in this article are the first multi-hazard assessment and the first version of the integral map of natural hazards in the Republic of Srpska.

Some reflections on social structure: Theoretical and practical aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1078
Author(s):  
T.N. Skorobogatova ◽  
I.Yu. Marakhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Service Industry ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article discusses the role of social infrastructure in the national economy and analyzes the relationship between the notions of Infrastructure, Service Industry and Non-Productive Sphere. Objectives. The article aims to outline a methodology for development of the social infrastructure of Russia's regions. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of statistical and comparative analyses. The Republic of Crimea and Rostov Oblast's social infrastructure development was considered as a case study. Results. The article finds that the level of social infrastructure is determined by a number of internal and external factors. By analyzing and assessing such factors, it is possible to develop promising areas for the social sphere advancement. Conclusions. Assessment and analysis of internal factors largely determined by the region's characteristics, as well as a comprehensive consideration of the impact of external factors will help ensure the competitiveness of the region's economy.

scholarly journals STUDY RESULTS OF IMMUNE RESPONSE INTENSITY IN CATTLE VACCINATED AGAINST RABIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN AND BORDER AREAS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
D.N. Latfullin ◽  
◽  
R.M. Akhmadeev ◽  
N.R. Miftahov ◽  
Kh.N. Makaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Study Results ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Epizootic Process ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
The Republic

Rabies control programs include preventive immunization of farm and domestic animals, catching stray dogs and cats, oral vaccination of wild animals, and measures to control the number of the wildlife. Rabies in ruminants is a deadlock in the rabies epizootic situation. Rabies in ruminant animals is the result of the epizootic process in wild animals of the area, even if the process is not recorded. The more than doubled decrease in the number of cattle the European part of Russia saw in recent years resulted in a decrease in cases of rabies in these animals. Vaccination forms the animal group that prevents the further spread of infection, and further reduces morbidity. The paper presents the data on the rabies epizootic situation on the territory of Tatarstan in 2018, preventive measures against the epizootic situation among domestic, wild and farm animals. Also, it presents laboratory results of blood 51 DOI: 10.31563/1684-7628-2019-51-3-48-52 Вестник БГАУ / Vestnik BSAU, 2019, № 3 serum samples in the cattle vaccinated against rabies in some areas of Tatarstan and border areas of Bashkortostan. The study results indicate that both regions take effective measures against rabies. The incidence of rabies in farm animals is minimized due to a large number of vaccinated animals, and preventive measures taken against rabies among wild animals. Revaccination of cattle is needed in a number of areas to ensure better protection of animals.

scholarly journals Efficiency of using different types induction culture medium for hexaploid triticale anther cultivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 260-265
Author(s):  
E. V. Lagunovskaya ◽  
O. I. Zaitseva ◽  
V. A. Lemesh
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Hexaploid Triticale ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Androgenesis In Vitro ◽  
The Republic

Aim. Triticale is one of the main grain crops of the Republic of Belarus. Further progress in the selection of this culture involves the accelerated creation of highly productive early ripening varieties resistant to abiotic and biotic factors. The method of induced androgenesis in vitro makes it possible to obtain stable homozygous lines in a short period of time and to eliminate the lengthy process of inbreeding used in classical breeding to fix the desired traits. Methods. The tissue and cell culture methods for plants was used in the study. Results. The influence of the induction medium composition on the efficiency of in vitro induced androgenesis in varieties and lines of hexaploid triticale is assessed. The influence of three types of induction culture medium, the type of phytohormones and the presence or absence of cefotaxime in the medium are analyzed. Results. It has been shown that using the C-17 culture medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l kinetin without adding cefotaxime is most effective for the anther triticale cultivation. Keywords: triticale, anther culture, induction nutrient medium, embryoids, calli, regenerant plants, cefotaxime.

scholarly journals Dynamic Water Balance Modelling for Risk Assessment and Decision Support on MAR Potential in Botswana

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Lindhe ◽  
Lars Rosén ◽  
Per-Olof Johansson ◽  
Tommy Norberg
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Original System ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Security Model ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Study Results ◽  
System Properties

Botswana experiences a water stressed situation due to the climate and a continuously increasing water demand. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is considered, among other measures, to improve the situation. To evaluate the possibility for increased water supply security, a probabilistic and dynamic water supply security model was developed. Statistically generated time series of source water availability are used in combination with the dynamic storages in dams and aquifers, and the possible supply is compared with the demand to simulate the magnitude and probability of water supply shortages. The model simulates the system and possible mitigation measures from 2013 to 2035 (23 years), using one-month time steps. The original system is not able to meet the demand, and the estimated volumetric supply reliability in the year 2035 is 0.51. An additional surface water dam (now implemented) will increase the reliability to 0.88 but there will still be a significant water shortage problem. Implementing large-scale MAR can further improve the reliability to at least 0.95. System properties limiting the effect of MAR are identified using the model and show how to further improve the effect of MAR. The case study results illustrate the importance and benefit of using an integrated approach, including time-dependence and future scenarios, when evaluating the need and potential of MAR.

scholarly journals REMOTE MONITORING FOR EARLY DIAGNOSTICS OF PATIENT’S STATE CHANGES WITH HOME MONITORING TECHNOLOGY

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2(96)) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
A. Sh. Revishvili ◽  
N. N. Lomidze ◽  
A. S. Abdrakhmanov ◽  
A. A. Nechepurenko ◽  
E. A. Ivanitsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Home Monitoring ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Monitoring Technology ◽  
Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Boosting Method ◽  
The Republic

Aims. Analysis of the prevalence of clinical events and of the trends of the physiologically significant parameters in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) with the remote monitoring options.Methods. In 9 clinical centers of the Russian Federation and 2 clinical centers of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 126 patients with an ICD or a pacemaker provided with the Home Monitoring technology (BIOTRONIK, Berlin, Germany) have been enrolled into the ReHoming (Registry Home Monitoring) clinical study. Based on the daily data transmission, all alarm alerts and all the Home Monitoring options changes have been registered with dated alert content and undertaken measures.Results. The study patients, followed up at least for one year, demonstrated 42 adverse events (AE), 26 of which were serious AE (SAE) and 3 SAE were defined as device related (SADE). ICD patients (n=90) had statistically significantly higher SAE prevalence with attendant coronary artery disease (CAD) (p=0.0249). Patients with CRT/D compared to patients with dual-chamber or single-chamber ICD had less SAE rate (р=0.046). Downloads of Home Monitoring parameters for retrospective mathematical analysis were available for 60 ICD patients, 47 of which had episodes of ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF) and/or atrial tachyarrhythmia (AT). Machine learning analysis of the trends of the physiologically meaningful parameters revealed correlation of the changes with arrhythmia episodes, the random forest method and the gradient boosting method giving the results strongly exceeding a random guess.Conclusion. Home Monitoring of CIED patients enables evaluation of clinical advantages of different device types application, also in regard to prevention of adverse events and possible iatrogenic effects of electrotherapy of the heart. The study results demonstrate a possibility to develop a predictor of arrhythmia episodes, based on daily transmission of trends of physiologically meaningful Home Monitoring parameters.

scholarly journals A herd immunity to measles and rubella viruses in the population of the Republic of Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
M. A. Bichurina ◽  
S. Filipovic-Vignjevic ◽  
A. Yu. Antipova ◽  
M. Bancevic ◽  
I. N. Lavrentieva
Keyword(s):  
Measles Virus ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Mmr Vaccine ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Group I ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic

According to the WHO Strategic Plan, measles should be eradicated in 2020 in the five WHO Regions including European Region. However, large measles outbreaks are being periodically registered in diverse European countries. In the Republic of Serbia (SRB), 5,076 measles cases were detected in 2018, among which 15 cases were fatal.Aim of the study was to examine herd immunity to measles and rubella viruses in the population of the Republic of Serbia.Materials and methods. Blood serum samples obtained in 2018 and 2019 from conditionally healthy residents of the Republic of Serbia were tested for the presence of IgG antibodies to measles and rubella viruses in five age groups: I — children from 2 to 6 years old, II — children from 8 to 14 years old, III — 15 to 24 years old, IV — 25 to 49 years old and V — over 50 years old. A total of 1000 samples were obtained, 200 sera in each group. Enzygnost® Anti-Measles virus/IgG and Enzygnost® Anti-Rubella virus/IgG ELISA test systems (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, Germany) were used according to the manufacturer's instructions.Results. Overall, around 23.0% and 33.7% of the surveyed persons had no or low level of anti-measles IgG antibody (≥ 275.0 — ≤ 1000.0 IU/1). In age group I, 60% children contained no or “low” anti-measles antibodies titer (29.5% and 30.5%, respectively). In addition, low antibody titer level was mainly detected in individuals from age group II and III (p < 0.05). A third of children under 8—14 contained high IgG-antibodies titer against measles (> 3000.0 IU/l) that might serve as an evidence that such subjects recently recovered after measles. Similar results were obtained for IgG antibodies to rubella in the same age groups.Discussion. The study results evidence about altered routine immunization against measles and rubella in children aged 12—15 months (first vaccination) and those at age of 6—7 years (revaccination) with MMR vaccine. The data obtained correlate with official data on coverage with measles and rubella vaccines in the Republic of Serbia.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF HORSE INFECTION WITH THE TREMATODE SCHISTOSOMA TURKESTANICUM SKRJABIN, 1913 IN KARAKALPAKSTAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 229-233
Author(s):  
Kaniyazov ◽  
Dilmanova
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Bile Ducts ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Parasitic Worms ◽  
Freshwater Mollusks ◽  
Intensity Of Invasion ◽  
Dissection Method

The dynamics of infection of horses with the trematode Schistosoma turkestanicum Skrjabin, 1913 in Karakalpakstan was studied. We carried out scientific research in various regions of the Republic of Karakalpakstan in 2016–2020. When determining the infection of horses with trematodes in the districts of Karakalpakstan, we used methods of complete and incomplete helminthological dissection by K. I. Skriabin (1928). A total of 143 horses were examined by the complete dissection method. The article presents the results of studies carried out on the territory of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. Helminths were found in all 143 horses examined during the study. The trematode Schistosoma turkestanicum Skrjabin, 1913 was among the identified helminths, which is very common in this region. The parasitic worms Schistosoma turkestanicum were found to belong to the Plathelminthes type, the Trematoda class. The study results indicate that the simultaneous presence of mixed (associative) invasions by trematodes was observed in horses. It was established that trematodes found in horses parasitize on blood vessels of the bile ducts, gallbladder, liver and intestinal mesentery. The prevalence of the trematode Schistosoma turkestanicum in horses was 18.8%, and the intensity of invasion was 3876–12538 specimens. The trematode Schistosoma turkestanicum, depending on the development cycle, develops in the presence of an intermediate host. Freshwater mollusks Lymnaea auricularia, belonging to the family Lymnaeidae perform the function of an intermediate host.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF EMERGENCIES ON THE SPREAD OF INVASIVE DISEASES OF FARM ANIMALS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 336-341
Author(s):  
Medkova ◽  
Krasovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Invasive Diseases ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact

In the conditions of the Shirinsky District, monitoring was carried out for the first time for the change in number of helminthic diseases before and after fires. Fires have led to changes in the properties of the ground cover, soil, and simplification of communities; the complex of soil-dwelling arthropods has undergone a number of significant changes, which are manifested in a decrease in number and species diversity. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of various parasites in farm animals after large-scale fires on the example of the Shirinsky District of the Republic of Khakassia. The study subject was eggs, larvae and helminths of the studied animals. The study object was farm animals. The studies were carried out by the method of sequential washing of fecal samples. Based on the study results of 786 fecal samples from various animals, we received the following results. We have proved that the fire had a great impact on the parasitofauna of animals in the Shirinsky District; the number of invasive diseases first decreased after fires and then increased again. We found out that the decrease in number of parasitic diseases was associated with the following: fires had an adverse effect on the ecological state of the environment and changed the existence conditions of living organisms. The fire destroyed eggs, larvae and definitive hosts of the parasites.

scholarly journals Development of cross-border tourist and recreational regions on the Karelian section of the Russian-Finnish border

Baltic Region ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-152
Author(s):  
A. G. Manakov ◽  
S. V. Kondrateva ◽  
N. K. Terenina
Keyword(s):  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The North ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
The Baltic

Despite that fact that cross-border tourism and recreation in the Baltic Sea Region have been extensively studied, there are still areas, which require further research. The aim of this article is to identify regions having active cross-border tourism and recreation in the adjacent territories of Finland and the Republic of Karelia. The authors propose to use an indicator characterizing the volume of incoming tourist flows. The number of tourists is not only indicative of the development of cross-border tourism and recreation; it is also one of the main criteria for determining the degree of the formation of cross-border regions. Using the statistics for Finland, the authors analyzed the geography of tourism in Finland’s border areas and identified the degree of intensity of cross-border tourism exchange between the neighbouring administrative units of the two countries. The article also examines other tendencies indicative of the formation and development of cross-border tourism and recreation regions along the Russian-Finnish border. The authors identified three cross-border tourism and recreation regions of different development levels: South Karelia, Middle Karelia and North Karelia. South Karelia is a mesoregion with the average annual tourist exchange of about 100 thousand people, which is the average level of tourism development. The total volume of cross-border tourist flows from and to other cross-border tourist and recreation regions is about 30 thousand people per year. Middle Karelia microregion ranks second and is followed by the North Karelian microregion. The authors conclude that these two microregions are at the initial stage of their formation and, therefore, can be regarded as parts of one microregion — Russian-Finnish Northern microregion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document