scholarly journals Ibn Khaldun and the Good Madina

ICR Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-547
Author(s):  
Syed Farid Alatas
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
City Life ◽  
Learning Capacity ◽  
The Government ◽  
Universal Applicability ◽  
Education And Society

Ibn Khaldun’s theory of the rise and decline of states, and the key concept of social solidarity, ‘asabiya, provides rich source material for elaborating normative or prescriptive discussions on the nature of a good polity or civilised society. This renders him extremely relevant to the study of modern societies, even those that lack the nomadic-sedentary dynamic that furnished the material for Ibn Khaldun’s original science of human society. Ibn Khaldun’s concepts of authority are of great relevance to the modern Muslim world, not least because of the prevalence today of mulk tabi’i or unbridled kingship in Muslim realms. In line with his overall science of human society was his interest in the relationship between education and society. The relevance of his outlook on education lies more in the area of the philosophy of education and displays timeless and universal applicability. Ibn Khaldun covered the proper methods of teaching and learning and discussed learning capacity, memorisation, curriculum, teacher strictness and the breadth and depth of education.  The madina, the form of social organisation which he saw all around him, was not all bad, in his view, but there was an inevitable movement towards degeneration and decay. In the early stages of the up cycle, the madina displayed numerous political, economic and social dimensions that are worthy of emulation, and Ibn Khaldun expounds on these in his discussions of the nature of authority, the role of the government in the economy, and the nature of education. Life in the madina is founded on certain universal values such as the rule of law, justice, accountability, responsibility, and the quest for knowledge and truth. Unfortunately such values do not inform many modern societies of the Muslim world today and should be given more emphasis in our discussions on civilisational renewal. At the heart of the problem is perhaps education. Ibn Khaldun’s reflections on education take into account politics, language, city life and social class. He also dealt with the methods and procedures of education and can be seen to be an innovator in pedagogy. For Ibn Khaldun, the way to the good madina is through an holistic education that produces not just competent but moral individuals. This view implies an entire corpus of practical recommendations in the educational realm in Muslim nations today.

scholarly journals Islam Under Siege

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-107
Author(s):  
Merve Kavakci
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
The West ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
The Core ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Popular Books

Ahmed’s Islam Under Siege is among the most popular books of the post-9/11 period both in the West and in the Muslim world. The subtitle of thebook poses as its summary: Living Dangerously in a Post-Honor World.This multifaceted book addresses a wide audience, including thoseAmericans in the Midwest who fearfully reflect upon the proverbial question“Why do they hate us?,” Muslims who incessantly lament the acrimoniousreality of Islam being associated with terrorism, and intellectuals whostrive to discern the underlying factors of the crisis between Muslims and theWest. Ahmed responds to the query “Could acts of violence be relegatedmerely to Muslim societies?” by adeptly elucidating the underlying factorsof the Muslim world’s crisis and the West’s failure to understand Islam. In ahistorical context, he ponders the emergence of what he coins the “posthonor”world in which we live, and finally offers a road map to global peace.To alleviate extremist behavior and the rise of terrorism, he stresses theindispensability of – sine qua non – dialogue. He invites Muslims to acquirea self-critical retrospective insight so that they can apprehend their contributionto today’s quagmire, and calls on non-Muslims to exercise more discernmentin understanding the complexities in Muslims’ lives.The fulcrum of his argument is the notion of `asabiyah and its convolutedform, dubbed “hyper-asabiyya,” which he states creates an extremistdemeanor in the Muslim world and ultimately results in violence. The term`asabiyah refers to social cohesion, as described by the medieval socialphilosopher Ibn Khaldun, and is accrued in a society that is based on justice,compassion, and knowledge. The need to maintain it against thethreat of any danger to the established social solidarity engenders a hyperbolicform of `asabiyah, namely, “hyper-asabiyya.” Given that `asabiyah’smain goal is to protect and preserve the society’s “honor,” the trepidationover losing honor or any loss of honor spurs a voracious desire to maintainor recover that honor. This inherent urge to preserve the “core” orregain what is already lost intensifies the emergence of “hyper-asabiyya.”In other words, the breakdown of `asabiyah (a lack of social cohesion)engenders “hyper-asabiyya,” which is characterized by control and violence.Hence, ironically, while “hyper-asabiyya” arises because of the lackof `asabiyah, the former is an exaggerated form of the latter ...

The Use of Multimedia and its Impact on Bangladeshi EFL Learners at Tertiary Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Farzana Sharmin Pamela Islam
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

As 21st century is the era of modern technologies with different aspects, it offers us to make the best use of them. After tape recorder and overhead projector (OHP), multimedia has become an important part of language classroom facilities for its unique and effective application in delivering and learning lesson. Although in many parts of Bangladesh, a South Asian developing country, where English enjoys the status of a foreign language, the use of multimedia in teaching and learning is viewed as a matter of luxury. However, nowadays the usefulness and the necessity of it are well recognized by the academics as well as the government. The study aims to focus on the difference between a traditional classroom void of multimedia and multimedia equipped classrooms at university level by explaining how multimedia support the students with enhanced opportunity to interact with diverse texts that give them more in-depth comprehension of the subject. It also focuses on audio-visual advantage of multimedia on the students’ English language learning. The study has followed a qualitative method to get an in-depth understanding of the impact of using multimedia in an English language classroom at tertiary level. For this purpose, the data have been collected from two different sources. Firstly, from students’ written response to  an open ended question as to their comparative experience of learning  lessons with and without multimedia facilities; and secondly, through  observation of English language classes at a private university of Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. The discussion of the study is limited to  the use of multimedia in English language classroom using cartoons, images and music with a view to enhance students’ skills in academic writing, critical analysis of image and critical appreciation of music. For this purpose, cartoons in English language, images from Google and music from You Tube have got focused discussion in this paper.

Game Analysis on Problem of Food Safety in the Agricultural Products Supply Chain

2010 ◽  
Vol 20-23 ◽  
pp. 1040-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Hua Shi ◽  
Zi Lai Sun ◽  
Kun Jing Dong
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Basic Material ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
The Game Theory ◽  
The Government ◽  
Material Conditions

Food is the most basic material conditions of survival and development of human society, its security situation is relation to the health and safety of consumer directly. This paper analyze the reasons of causing problems of food quality and safety in the agricultural products supply chain from the perspective of the game theory as well as the government incentive and regulatory mechanisms affect the decision-making of farmers and food producers respectively. In the game between crop growers - farmers and food producers, the government play the outsider role and should give farmers subsidies to encourage them to grow high-quality green crops, as far as possible to ensure food safety from the source. In the game between producers and regulators, the government, as the game participant, should be asked to improve the supervision efficiency and the control ability to prevent unqualified food products entering the market.

scholarly journals HOME CLASS: EDUCATIONAL ALTERNATIVE IN TIMES OF PANDEMIC FOR STUDENTS ENROLLED IN BASIC EDUCATION IN THE STATE OF AMAZONAS, BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-114
Author(s):  
Melise Maia Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The Government

The objective of this research is to know new decisions about the teaching and learning process in the context of the pandemic in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. The pandemic suspended classroom classes at more than 200 schools, causing the reorganization of pedagogical practices in distance education. The result was the applicability of the Special Regime of Non-Attendance Classes adopted by the Government of Amazonas (Aula em Casa Project). It is concluded that new directions can be taken from formal education in view of this new reality.

scholarly journals Developing a monograph book for teaching English skills to young learners in wetlands areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Dini Noor Arini ◽  
Raisa Fadilla
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Young Learners ◽  
Academic Settings ◽  
The Government ◽  
Suitable Reference ◽  
English Instruction

To enable Universitas Lambung Mangkurat (ULM) to become the Asia-Pacific centre for wetlands development in 2027, one of the efforts ULM makes is to raise awareness about the importance of optimising human resources in wetlands through research and development in the educational and cultural fields. English is considered a foreign language in Indonesia, allowing students to use the language outside of academic settings. English becomes a required subject in junior and senior high school; however, the government requires that English be taught in primary schools as a local topic. English, on the other hand, remains a mandatory subject in a large number of Indonesian primary schools, particularly in Banjarmasin. The issue arises in primary school English instruction because there is no clear guidance for teachers on how to teach English in an appropriate and engaging manner for the students. Due to the absence of a monograph book on teaching methods, teachers in some primary schools in Banjarmasin, particularly those located in wetland areas, have limited access to teaching English to young learners (EYL). In light of the university's policy and the critical nature of achieving teaching and learning objectives, as well as the absence of a suitable reference book for teaching EYL, this study aims to develop an appropriate monograph book on teaching techniques for students of young ages. The research and development design is chosen because it aims to create a product and meets the needs of the reference book's development. The results are expected to improve students' academic performance and to assist EYL teachers in wetland areas in conducting effective and meaningful teaching.

scholarly journals “ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH (PJJ) DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19”.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milana Abdillah Subarkah ◽  
Agus Salim
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
The Government ◽  
Education Administrators ◽  
Depth Interviews

ABSTRACTThe teaching and learning process is a very important activity and must be carried out even though the situation is not possible in schools amid the Covid-19 pandemic as it is today. So this study aims to analyze learning difficulties, distance learning, and analysis of student learning difficulties in PJJ amid the Covid-19 pandemic. This research uses a qualitative approach to the type of case studies, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study show First, learning difficulties in students can be experienced due to disruption in him both from within and outside himself. This condition can also occur amid the Covid-19 pandemic. In the end, through various appeals from several parties, students were asked to carry out their learning activities in their respective homes. Second, with the appeals and suggestions of students studying at home, then Distance Learning (PJJ) becomes an alternative learning activity for students in order to break the corona virus transmission chain. Third, during the Covid-19 pandemic with PJJ students faced problems accessing internet devices and quotas, thus the government and all education administrators to provide internet quota subsidies, emergency curricula, and develop effective learning strategies for communities affected by Covid-19.

scholarly journals Studi Dampak Covid-19 Terhadap Hasil Belajar Geografi di SMA Negeri 1 Sikur

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-239
Author(s):  
Animar Animar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government

The spread of the Corona virus has had a significant impact on the world of education. The policy taken by many countries, including Indonesia, is to close all educational activities. This makes the government and related institutions have to present an alternative learning process. Many factors affect student learning outcomes coupled with changes in learning conditions due to the Corona virus (Covid-19) outbreak. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the impacts and constraints of the Covid-19 outbreak on teaching and learning activities, especially in Geography subjects at SMA Negeri 1 Sikur. Data collection was carried out using the pretest - posttest method of students' abilities before and after the Covid-19 pandemic. Furthermore, data analysis was carried out by quantitative methods using paired sample t-test to test the difference in the effect of the two treatments on the interrelated sample groups. The results of the analysis indicate that there is a difference in the average Geography learning outcomes of 11th grade of social science students before and after the outbreak of the corona virus. Information was obtained that the average value of student learning outcomes during the face-to-face learning process was 86.27, better than the average value when the learning process was carried out online which was 75.73. Keywords: covid-19 impact, learning outcomes, geography

scholarly journals PEMIKIRAN IBNU KHALDUN TENTANG PENDIDIKAN DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PENDIDIKAN DUNIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
AL Manaf
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
Modern Education ◽  
Library Research

This article aim to analyze Ibn Khaldun's thoughts on education and its relevance to modern world education. This research uses qualitative approach (Library Research) by analyzing the sources collected and summarized in the article. Result this research shows that education is not only a teaching and learning process that is limited by time and space, but education is a process where students are able to live, absorb and even capture natural events throughout the ages. Ibn Khaldun's thoughts are also very relevant to modern education when viewed from various aspects, namely educators, learning methods, curriculum and educational goals. Positive impact What is expected from the results of this study is the adoption of the concept of Modern Education with the Concept of Education according to Ibn Khaldun.

scholarly journals THE ADVANTAGES OF SOCIAL SOLIDARITY TO BE AN IDEAL LEADER ACCORDING TO IBNU KHALDUN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Kasmuri Selamat ◽  
Irma Handayani ◽  
Akhyar Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Freedom Of Thought ◽  
The One ◽  
The Ideal

The ideal leader is an expectation for every society in the world. Leadership is a relationship between the influence of the leader and the one being led. Leadership also functions to execute power to invite, influence, guide, mobilize and build other people to do something to achieve certain goals. To implement, Islam provides normative and philosophical bases on the principles of leadership. These principles include deliberation, fairness, gentleness, freedom of thought, synergy in building togetherness. The principles taught by Islam are in line with the thoughts of one of the Islamic philosophers, Ibn Khaldun. Furthermore, he emphasized that the social solidarity factor is crucial to become an ideal leader.

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