scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF FIRE-FIGHTING DISTANCE ON THE TERRITORY OF MULTI-FUEL FILLING STATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
А.P. Parfyonenko ◽  
◽  
A.B. Timofeev
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Technical Documents ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Technical Solutions

The article describes the legal and technical possibilities of fulfilling the minimum necessary and sufficient fire safety requirements without implementing the requirements or deviating from them, regulated by regulatory technical documents in the field of standardization in the design and operation of LPG sections on the territory of a MAZS. An assessment of the parameters of hazardous factors of possible man-made emergencies on the technological equipment of LPG sites for workers, fuel consumers and people who are in the residential area near multi-fuel filling stations (MAZS) according to the existing method has been carried out. Technical solutions have been developed to exclude the formation of a combustible environment at the facility, as well as measures to prevent the formation of ignition sources in a combustible environment.

Modeling of fire dynamics when making judicial normative fire-technical expertise

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Ирек Равильевич Хасанов ◽  
Софья Федоровна Лобова ◽  
Наталья Вячеславовна Петрова ◽  
Татьяна Дмитриевна Теплякова
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Case File ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Field Modeling ◽  
Technical Examination ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
The Impact

Проанализирована нормативная база, регламентирующая проведение расчетов по оценке параметров срабатывания автоматической установки пожарной сигнализации (АУПС), а также компьютерных программ моделирования динамики пожара и математических моделей, описывающих срабатывание пожарных извещателей. Сформулированы и структурированы вопросы нормативного характера, для решения которых необходимо применение компьютерного моделирования динамики пожара с учетом работы АУПС. Предложен алгоритм компьютерного моделирования пожара в ходе проведения пожарно-технической экспертизы с учетом возможных расчетных ошибок и получения неоднозначных результатов. It is often necessary to assess the parameters of fire development taking into account the influence of fire protection systems by making the regulatory fire-technical expertise. It may also be necessary to carry out an expert examination of the technical solutions adopted at the site for their compliance with fire safety requirements. These practical studies, in particular, are necessary to analyse the consequences of fire safety violations and establish causal links between violations of requirements and the consequences of fire, both past and theoretically possible. A modern way to estimate fire parameters is by field modeling. Field modeling of fire dynamics can be used to answer questions in two expert situations: after fire and before fire (in particular, within the framework of supervisory measures). When making fire-technical expertise on the fire occurred, the expert needs to restore the pre-fire situation and model the real fire dynamics taking into account the established fire information contained in the case file. In a situation before a fire, the expert needs to model a potentially possible fire under the most unfavourable conditions. In accordance with fire safety requirements, each object of protection must have a fire safety system aimed at preventing fire, ensuring the safety of people and property in case of fire. Compliance of design values and characteristics of the building or structure with safety requirements shall be justified by calculations or tests performed according to certified technique. On the basis of the analysis of the regulatory framework and the formulated groups of regulatory questions there have been developed the procedure of the expert‘s actions and the algorithm for simulating fire dynamics when answering questions related to automatic fire alarm. The impact of input data on the possibility of forming categorical or probabilistic outputs was evaluated. The proposed detailed algorithm of field simulation of fire dynamics during the regulatory fire-technical examination is drawn up taking into account possible calculated errors and obtaining ambiguous results.

ANALYSIS OF COMPLIANCE OF THE ARCHITECTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION PART OF THE PROJECT WITH FIRE PROTECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS TO ENSURE SECURITY AT SOCIAL FACILITIES IN THE SERVICE SECTOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Alla Zvyaginceva ◽  
Svetlana Sazonova ◽  
Valeriy Popov
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Systematic Survey ◽  
Successful Work ◽  
Evacuation Routes ◽  
Technical Solutions

A systematic survey of compliance of the architectural and construction part of the project with fire safety requirements for basic indicators that ensure fire resistance and fire safety of the building was carried out. Engineering and technical solutions to ensure fire safety of the building and protection of people by deterministic factors have been installed. Structural and planning solutions to prevent the spread of fire in the building of the object were diagnosed. Technical solutions are formulated: for evacuation routes and exits, for fire protection and communication systems of the building, for ensuring measures that ensure the successful work of firefighters to extinguish a fire.

Method of fire hazard assessment of oil and gas industry production technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 20-32
Author(s):  
A. P. Petrov ◽  
◽  
V. S. Kluban ◽  
L. T. Panasevich ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Technical Solutions

Introduction. Fire risk can be assessed qualitatively and quantitatively. A qualitative method for assessing fire hazard of the technological process (risk analysis) involves a detailed consideration of possible deviations from the technological regulations and failures in the production technology. Therefore, it can significantly increase the reliability of the hazard analysis to justify the technical decisions made to improve fire safety of production. Goals and objectives. Quantitative methods for analyzing fire hazard of technological processes and assessing fire risk have a number of significant drawbacks, they use various models, in which not always reasonable assumptions are often made. The use of such methods sometimes casts doubt on the results obtained. Hazard analysis using a qualitative analysis method is a sequential process of identifying violations not only of technological regulations, but also of fire safety requirements, and, consequently, the causes of accidents. Therefore, one of the most important purposes of this process is to check that all fire safety requirements are met. Methods. Method for assessing fire hazard of production technology by analyzing the consequences of "What happens if...?" (qualitative method of fire hazard assessment) allows us to consider problems related to possible causes of damage to technological equipment, the consequences of these causes, and the options adopted in the considered production for their prevention. The method is based on the development of a list of hazards, their division by hazard level and determining the most dangerous situations on this basis. Such a division makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the developed technical solutions that increase the level of fire safety of the production technology. Results and discussion thereof. The article reveals the essence of the method for assessing the fire hazard of production technology by analyzing the possible consequences of violations of technological regulations. The place of this method in the expert assessment of the fire hazard of production is shown and an example of the practical use of the method is given. Conclusion. Qualitative method of assessing fire danger of the technological process can complement quantitative methods, it can be their integral part, for example, when calculating the fire risk of production facilities, and it can act as an independent method for small enterprises in which it is not required to conduct a state expertise of projects, as well as when there is a need to assess compliance with fire safety requirements of the technical solutions adopted at the stages of design and operation of production. Keywords: pre-emergency situations, major accidents, fire safety system, explosion protection of a tubular furnace

Model for assigning security objects to a specific risk category in the field of fire safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
D. V. Zobkov ◽  
◽  
A. A. Poroshin ◽  
A. A. Kondashov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Individual Object ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Risk Categories

Introduction. A mathematical model is presented for assigning protection objects to certain risk categories in the field of fire safety. The model is based on the concepts of the probability of adverse effects of fires causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to the life or health of citizens, and the acceptable risk of harm (damage) from fires. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the study is to develop the procedure for assigning protection objects to a certain category of risk of harm (damage) based on estimates of the probability of fires with the corresponding severity consequences, to determine the acceptable level of risk of harm (damage) due to the fires, to calculate and develop numerical values of criteria for assigning objects of protection to the appropriate risk categories. Methods. The boundaries of the intervals corresponding to certain risk categories are determined by dividing the logarithmic scale of severity of adverse effects of fires into equal segments. Classification methods are used to assign objects of protection to a specific risk category. Results and discussion. Based on the level of severity of potential negative consequences of a fire, risk categories were determined for groups of protection objects that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and by functional fire hazard classes. The risk category for each individual object of protection is proposed to be determined using the so-called index of "identification of a controlled person" within a group of objects that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and class of functional fire hazard. Depending on the risk category, the periodicity of planned control and supervision measures in relation to the specific object of protection under consideration is determined, taking into account its socio-economic characteristics and the state of compliance with fire safety requirements by the controlled person. Conclusions. To develop criteria for classifying protection objects that are homogeneous in terms of economic activity and functional fire hazard classes, the probability of negative consequences of fires, that are causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to the life or health of citizens, and the acceptable risk of causing harm (damage) as a result of fires, is used. The risk category for each individual object of protection is determined taking into account socio-economic characteristics of the object that affect the level of ensuring its fire safety, as well as the criteriaof integrity of the subordinate person that characterize the probability of non-compliance with mandatory fire safety requirements at the object of protection. Calculations are made and numerical values of criteria for assigning protection objects that are homogeneous in terms of economic activity and functional fire hazard classes to a certain category of risk are proposed. Key words: object of protection, probability of fire, acceptable level of risk, risk category, dangerous factor of fire, death and injury of people.

Features of The Proceedings on Administrative Offenses Initiated for Violation of Fire Safety Requirements

2019 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
A. K. Sabirova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Administrative Legislation ◽  
Administrative Punishment ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Administrative Proceedings ◽  
Made In

The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of administrative proceedings instituted for violations of fire safety requirements, including important changes made in the relevant area of the administrative legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as the analysis of the legislative possibility of applying administrative punishment in the form of administrative suspension of activities for non-compliance with the requirements of the federal state firefighters oversight (including named changes).

BIM TECHNOLOGY AS AN ELEMENT OF MODERN CONSTRUCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
A. Nikolayeva ◽  
O. Gorbunova
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Very High

When designing and implementing BIM technologies, it is of particular importance to take into account fire safety requirements to eliminate errors in the decisions made, as well as for safe operation in the future. This topic is very relevant today and the need for compliance with fire safety requirements is very high. To solve these problems, the use of modern software products, such as Autodesk Revit, can play a huge role. The use of such programs makes it possible to significantly speed up the design process of all systems of the building under construction, as well as to develop an information model in detail, which will allow an objective assessment of accidents and provide objective information about them. These technologies make it possible to fully design buildings and structures, having calculated all the processes, to provide the most effective solutions at all stages of the project, which reduces costs and reduces the time of commissioning of the object. The article reveals the concept of BIM technologies, their main advantages, and application experience.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Direction of the Channels of the Gas Swirlers on the Properties of the Flow of the Plasma Jet under Implementation Theoretical Basis and Technical Solutions for Recycling Technogenic Waste

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Aleksandrovich Okulov ◽  
Konstantin Ivanovich Sarsadskikh ◽  
Sergey Anatolievich Ilinykh ◽  
Mikhail Nikolayevich Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Computer Experiment ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Full Scale Experiment ◽  
Technogenic Waste ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Technical Solutions

A variant of the use of plasmatrons for the disposal of industrial waste and the organization of non-waste production is proposed in this article, which presents the design for the functioning equipment. A computer experiment was carried out to determine the parameters of the flow of the plasma jet. The results of a computer experiment are confirmed by a full-scale experiment. Conclusions and results are of practical benefit to developers and consumers of technological equipment. Keywords: plasmatron, flow, plasma, jet, temperature, velocity

scholarly journals ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEM OF REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF RADIATION-HAZARDOUS FACILITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Galina Malykha ◽  
Alexander Pavlov ◽  
Igor Dorogan
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Project Implementation ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Subsequent Processing ◽  
Advanced System ◽  
Research Analysis ◽  
Design And Construction

Energy-related buildings and structures are designed to meet safety requirements. The greatest danger is a radiation. In Russia there is an advanced system of regulatory documents, which contain thousands of requirements for radiation and fire safety, and layout solutions. During design and construction it is necessary to use the organizational system of checking and compliance of various requirements to the object. An important part of the system is the subsequent processing of requirements at the stages of design and project implementation. The process of processing the requirements consists of research, analysis, formulation and approval of the requirements, followed by tracking their performance in the project, at the construction site and during operation. In the development of basic and detailed documentation, in the construction the list of requirements is used for setting the tasks of the customer, the decision of their designer, the implementation of decisions by builders and installers.

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