ANALYSIS OF COMPLIANCE OF THE ARCHITECTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION PART OF THE PROJECT WITH FIRE PROTECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS TO ENSURE SECURITY AT SOCIAL FACILITIES IN THE SERVICE SECTOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Alla Zvyaginceva ◽  
Svetlana Sazonova ◽  
Valeriy Popov
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Systematic Survey ◽  
Successful Work ◽  
Evacuation Routes ◽  
Technical Solutions

A systematic survey of compliance of the architectural and construction part of the project with fire safety requirements for basic indicators that ensure fire resistance and fire safety of the building was carried out. Engineering and technical solutions to ensure fire safety of the building and protection of people by deterministic factors have been installed. Structural and planning solutions to prevent the spread of fire in the building of the object were diagnosed. Technical solutions are formulated: for evacuation routes and exits, for fire protection and communication systems of the building, for ensuring measures that ensure the successful work of firefighters to extinguish a fire.

scholarly journals Case Study on Fire Resistance of Sandwiches for Means of Transport

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Pavel Koštial ◽  
Zora Koštialová Jančíková ◽  
Robert Frischer
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Aluminum Honeycomb ◽  
Heat Loads

These days there are undeniably unique materials that, however, must also meet demanding safety requirements. In the case of vehicles, these are undoubtedly excellent fire protection characteristics. The aim of the work is to experimentally verify the proposed material compositions for long-term heat loads and the effect of thickness, the number of laminating layers (prepregs) as well as structures with different types of cores (primarily honeycomb made of Nomex paper type T722 of different densities, aluminum honeycomb and PET foam) and composite coating based on a glass-reinforced phenolic matrix. The selected materials are suitable candidates for intelligent sandwich structures, usable especially for interior cladding applications in the industry for the production of means of public transport (e.g., train units, trams, buses, hybrid vehicles).

REQUIREMENTS FOR PERFORMANCE TESTING OF FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE RULES OF FIRE PROTECTION MODE

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Сергеевич Адамов ◽  
Евгений Вячеславович Козырев ◽  
Ирина Олеговна Виноградова ◽  
Наталья Олеговна Щеголева ◽  
Владимир Александрович Сорокин
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Generalized Information ◽  
Protection Mode ◽  
The Russian Federation

В статье рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с применением отдельных требований Правил противопожарного режима при проведении проверок работоспособности систем и установок противопожарной защиты зданий и сооружений, которые поступают от граждан и организаций в адрес ФГБУ ВНИИПО МЧС России. На основе разъяснений МЧС России, а также анализа нормативных правовых актов Российской Федерации и нормативных документов по пожарной безопасности, определяющих требования к проведению указанных проверок, специалистами института в целях установления единых правил применения требований пожарной безопасности подготовлен обобщенный информационный материал. Данный материал призван устранить отдельные пробелы в нормативно-правовом регулировании в области пожарной безопасности и неоднозначное толкование некоторых требований Правил противопожарного режима, имеющих отношение к вышеупомянутым проверкам. The article deals with the issues related to the application of certain requirements of the Rules of fire protection mode during performance testing of fire protection systems and installations of buildings and structures. FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia receives the aforesaid issues from citizens and organizations. Based on the explanations of the EMERCOM of Russia, as well as on the analysis of regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and regulatory documents on fire safety, which establish the requirements for conducting these inspections, specialists of the Institute, in order to establish common rules for applying fire safety requirements, prepared a generalized information material. This material is intended to eliminate certain gaps in the legal regulation in the field of fire safety as well as ambiguous interpretation of certain requirements of the fire regulations related to the above-mentioned inspections.

Modeling of fire dynamics when making judicial normative fire-technical expertise

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Ирек Равильевич Хасанов ◽  
Софья Федоровна Лобова ◽  
Наталья Вячеславовна Петрова ◽  
Татьяна Дмитриевна Теплякова
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Case File ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Field Modeling ◽  
Technical Examination ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
The Impact

Проанализирована нормативная база, регламентирующая проведение расчетов по оценке параметров срабатывания автоматической установки пожарной сигнализации (АУПС), а также компьютерных программ моделирования динамики пожара и математических моделей, описывающих срабатывание пожарных извещателей. Сформулированы и структурированы вопросы нормативного характера, для решения которых необходимо применение компьютерного моделирования динамики пожара с учетом работы АУПС. Предложен алгоритм компьютерного моделирования пожара в ходе проведения пожарно-технической экспертизы с учетом возможных расчетных ошибок и получения неоднозначных результатов. It is often necessary to assess the parameters of fire development taking into account the influence of fire protection systems by making the regulatory fire-technical expertise. It may also be necessary to carry out an expert examination of the technical solutions adopted at the site for their compliance with fire safety requirements. These practical studies, in particular, are necessary to analyse the consequences of fire safety violations and establish causal links between violations of requirements and the consequences of fire, both past and theoretically possible. A modern way to estimate fire parameters is by field modeling. Field modeling of fire dynamics can be used to answer questions in two expert situations: after fire and before fire (in particular, within the framework of supervisory measures). When making fire-technical expertise on the fire occurred, the expert needs to restore the pre-fire situation and model the real fire dynamics taking into account the established fire information contained in the case file. In a situation before a fire, the expert needs to model a potentially possible fire under the most unfavourable conditions. In accordance with fire safety requirements, each object of protection must have a fire safety system aimed at preventing fire, ensuring the safety of people and property in case of fire. Compliance of design values and characteristics of the building or structure with safety requirements shall be justified by calculations or tests performed according to certified technique. On the basis of the analysis of the regulatory framework and the formulated groups of regulatory questions there have been developed the procedure of the expert‘s actions and the algorithm for simulating fire dynamics when answering questions related to automatic fire alarm. The impact of input data on the possibility of forming categorical or probabilistic outputs was evaluated. The proposed detailed algorithm of field simulation of fire dynamics during the regulatory fire-technical examination is drawn up taking into account possible calculated errors and obtaining ambiguous results.

Fire Protection in Future Passenger Ships

1967 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
pp. 262-267
Author(s):  
Robert I. Price
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
First Report ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Marine Engineers

A first report to the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers of the results of an intensive series of technical meetings on Fire Protection of Passenger Ships just concluded in the intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization. The author is the U. S. Representative to the IMCO Subcommittee on Fire Protection. The paper explains the background of the discussion, setting in proper time frame the sequence of meetings and the shipboard fire casualties which have been prominent in the news. It touches upon the improvements in the international fire safety requirements adopted for existing ships, overcoming the "grandfather clause." The bulk of the paper examines the scope and effect on future ships of the text of revisions of the SOLAS Convention, now pending acceptance.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF FIRE-FIGHTING DISTANCE ON THE TERRITORY OF MULTI-FUEL FILLING STATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
А.P. Parfyonenko ◽  
◽  
A.B. Timofeev
Keyword(s):  
Fire Safety ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Technical Documents ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Technical Solutions

The article describes the legal and technical possibilities of fulfilling the minimum necessary and sufficient fire safety requirements without implementing the requirements or deviating from them, regulated by regulatory technical documents in the field of standardization in the design and operation of LPG sections on the territory of a MAZS. An assessment of the parameters of hazardous factors of possible man-made emergencies on the technological equipment of LPG sites for workers, fuel consumers and people who are in the residential area near multi-fuel filling stations (MAZS) according to the existing method has been carried out. Technical solutions have been developed to exclude the formation of a combustible environment at the facility, as well as measures to prevent the formation of ignition sources in a combustible environment.

Calculation and Analytical Substantiation of the Limiting Values of Ammonium Nitrate Mass During Storage in the Warehouses and Terminals

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
L.P. Vogman ◽  
◽  
A.V. Iliychev ◽  
E.E. Prostov ◽  
D.V. Dolgikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Emergency Ventilation ◽  
Limiting Values

On the basis of theory of stationary thermal explosion of A.D. Frank-Kamenetsky, depending on the temperature of the critical size of the ammonium nitrate embankment, the calculations were performed, which show that it can be stored in the large volumes at the temperatures up to 30 °C. On the contrary, at the temperatures above 100 °C (for example, at 200 °C), the decomposition of nitrate occurs with acceleration and can lead to an explosion. Based on the studies performed, it is shown that the changes and additions to the fire safety requirements for ammonium nitrate storage in the buildings and structures should be determined by the requirements for fire resistance of buildings (at least II degree of fire resistance), for the purity of the product and its packaging, for the exclusion of contacts with organic substances and materials, storage conditions. Additional fire safety requirements were developed for inclusion in the normative document regarding ammonium nitrate storage. Ammonium nitrate is allowed to be stored in one-story warehouse buildings of at least II degree of fire resistance, structural fire hazard class C0. The floor area within the fire compartment should not exceed 10 500 m2. Between the fire-fighting walls of the 1st type, it is allowed to store no more than 25 000 tons of nitrite in bulk or in the special bags, as well as in the soft specialized containers for bulk products in accordance with GOST 2—2013.The conditions for placing ammonium nitrate in the stacks should be accepted in accordance with the requirements of SP 92.13330.2012. Temperature in the storage room of ammonium nitrate should not exceed 30 °C with a relative humidity of not more than 60 %. Warehouses for storing ammonium nitrate should be equipped with general exchange supply and exhaust and (or) emergency ventilation, in order to exclude the formation of a fire and explosion hazardous environment in the room during the decomposition of ammonium nitrate. Warehouses for storing ammonium nitrate in an amount of not more than 5 thousand tons may be separated from other premises, including from the warehouses for fertilizers and pesticides, by solid (without openings) type 2 fire walls.

Issues of Regulatory Framework for Fire Safety in Water Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-241
Author(s):  
D. I. Kudryavtsev ◽  
A. Yu. Yanchenko ◽  
N. V. Androsenko
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Safety System ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Fire Statistics ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Fire Extinguishing

The presented study analyzes fire statistics in water transport and documents regulating fire safety requirements.Aim. The study aims to highlight the need to use technical regulations and fire statistics to develop a fire safety system and to enhance the supervision of compliance with safety regulations during hot works and day-to-day operations on ships.Tasks. The authors analyze fire statistics over the past years; determine the shipboard spaces where the greatest number of fires occur; examine the causes of fires on ships; identify the major directions in which fires spread in different shipboard spaces; describe the existing types of fire protection and fire-extinguishing equipment and methods for different shipboard spaces; highlight the importance of organizational measures taken by the management during fire-fighting operations and documents regulating fire safety during the construction and operation of ships.Methods. This study uses the methods of logical and statistical analysis that allow the authors to accumulate information about fires and their consequences, to present the major regulatory documents, and to formulate conclusions regarding the need for a fire safety system.Results. Statistics on the occurrence and propagation of fires in different shipboard spaces is analyzed. The characteristic features of fire protection measures used in water transport are identified. Fireextinguishing methods used in different shipboard spaces are described. A fire safety regulation system for water transport based on the major regulatory documents is presented.Conclusions. The conducted study highlights the importance and relevance of organizational measures aimed at the compliance with fire safety requirements and regulatory documents that make it possible to systematize measures necessary to protect the lives of people and to maintain smooth functioning of water transport.

scholarly journals Waste in the Context of Combustibility – Classification Possibilities in Legal Terms

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Wojciech Klapsa ◽  
Daniel Małozięć ◽  
Damian Bąk
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Classification Rules ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Waste Storage ◽  
Waste Classification ◽  
Legislative Initiative

Purpose: The aim of the article is to review the possibility of classifying waste as non-combustible and combustible on the basis of the applicable Polish legal acts and to discuss the problems related to this area. Introduction: In the last decade, there has been a marked increase in the number of fires in landfills in Poland. Therefore, a legislative initiative has been undertaken to tighten and complete the provisions of the law on fire protection of facilities and places where waste is collected and stored. Methodology: The basic act regulating the issues of waste storage in Poland is the Act of 14 December 2012 on waste materials. The Act divides waste into two categories: non-combustible and combustible. In reference to the act, a Regulation of the Minister of the Interior and Administration of 19 February 2020 on fire protection requirements which need to be met by construction structures or their parts and other places for collecting, storing or processing waste, in which stringent fire safety requirements were defined for fire safety of facilities where combustible waste is stored. Results: During the review and analysis of the legal acts, it was discovered that after the division into combustible and non-combustible waste, the classification rules for these two categories were not strictly defined. As a consequence, there was a problem of interpretation and, thus, discretion in classifying waste. Therefore, there was a need to review the knowledge on the possibility of classifying waste. Conclusions: The review of regulations and the state of knowledge on the principles of considering materials and products as non-combustible or com- bustible presented in the article allows to systematize the knowledge and indicates selected paths of conduct. As waste is not homogeneous materials, the Act leaves the freedom to carry out opinions on whether or not waste is considered combustible. Such an assessment is not simple, hence the need to indicate what are the possible correct ways of proceeding in this action. Keywords: combustible waste, non-combustible waste, waste classification, fire protection, landfills Type of article: review article

FEATURES OF FIRE-EXPLOSIVE PROPERTIES, EXTINGUISHING METHODS AND SAFE STORAGE CONDITIONS OF AMMONIUM NITRATE

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Леонид Петрович Вогман ◽  
Александр Валерьевич Ильичев ◽  
Владимир Александрович Зуйков ◽  
Евгений Евгеньевич Простов ◽  
Дмитрий Вадимович Долгих
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Safe Storage ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Explosive Properties ◽  
The Baltic

В соответствии с российскими нормами хранение аммиачной селитры, как правило, должно осуществляться в отдельностоящих одноэтажных складских зданиях не ниже II степени огнестойкости. При этом максимально допустимое количество хранимой селитры в пределах пожарного отсека не должно превышать 5000 т, в то время как в странах Прибалтики (Латвия, Эстония) допускается единовременное хранение 25 000 т и более. В работе предпринята попытка расчетно-аналитическим путем обосновать унификацию требований пожарной безопасности российских и зарубежных норм хранения аммиачной селитры. The storage of ammonium nitrate usually should be realized in separate single-story warehouse structures of at least II degree of fire resistance in accordance with Russian standards. At the same time, the maximum allowable amount of stored ammonium nitrate within the fire compartment should not exceed 5000 tons, while the simultaneous storage of 25000 or more tons is allowed in the Baltic countries (Latvia, Estonia). Authors attempt to substantiate the unification of fire safety requirements for ammonium nitrate storage in Russian and foreign standards by calculation and analysis.

scholarly journals Problematic issues of quality, certification and tests of fire-fighting technical production

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 14023
Author(s):  
Tatiana Eremina ◽  
Mikhail Nesterov ◽  
Dmitry Korolchenko ◽  
Anatoly Giletich
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Quality Certification ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Technical Production ◽  
Technical Regulations

The paper analyzes the compliance of products with the requirements of the "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements". In the conditions of rapid growth of industry, production and output of products using new technologies with the use of new substances and materials, there is a need for the state and society to respond adequately to all kinds of risks that may arise in the use of products, especially if such products are subject to mandatory requirements. One of the types of such products is fireproof paints, varnishes and coatings - Fire Retardant Coatings (hereinafter – FRC). Application of FRC is based on increasing the fire resistance of building structures to the level regulated by the existing regulations depending on the degree of fire resistance of the building. Frequently, problems with FRC quality are only detected at the stage of checking the performance of fire protection works when applying FRC which do not meet the fire safety requirements.

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