scholarly journals Just Transition and Place-Based Policy in Coal-Dependent Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Lefteris Topaloglou
Keyword(s):  
Regional Level ◽  
Reference Area ◽  
European Level ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
Regional Policies ◽  
Spatial Inequalities ◽  
Profound Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Dialogue ◽  
Policy Exercise ◽  
High Level

Recently, the interrelated concepts of the place-based approach, spatial justice, and just transition appear not only in scientific dialogue but also in developing policies that seek to address spatial inequalities. This article attempts to discuss the European, national, and local just transition policies and to assess the extent to which these policies are in line with the place-based model, as reflected in the Barca report (2009). The study reference area at the regional level is Western Macedonia, for which the transition towards an alternative, sustainable, and just path stands a very challenging policy exercise. The empirical section involved questionnaires with local specialists and professionals who hold profound knowledge and experience of the area. The results of the analysis revealed that just transition policies designed only at a European level demonstrate a high-level degree of relationship with the place-based model. The exact opposite seems to prevail at the level of national and regional policies.

scholarly journals Assessing Factors Associated with TB Awareness in Nepal: A National and Subnational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5124
Author(s):  
Yoko Iwaki ◽  
Santosh Kumar Rauniyar ◽  
Shuhei Nomura ◽  
Michael C. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
High Level

Tuberculosis (TB) has still remained a serious global health threat in low- and middle-income countries in recent years. As of 2021, Nepal is one of the high TB burden countries, with an increasing prevalence of cases. This study evaluates factors associated with TB awareness in Nepal. This study uses data from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey carried out from June 2016 to January 2017. Multilevel logistic regression is performed to examine the association of demographic and socioeconomic factors with TB awareness. Our findings show a high level of TB awareness in all seven provinces of Nepal. Province 5 has the highest level of awareness (98.1%) among all provinces, followed by provinces 3 and 4, while province 6 has the lowest awareness level (93.2%) compared to others. Socioeconomic factors such as wealth, education and owning a mobile phone are significantly associated with TB awareness. Socioeconomic determinants are influential factors associated with TB awareness in Nepal. The wide variation in the proportion of awareness at a regional level emphasizes the importance of formulating tailored strategies to increase TB awareness. For instance, the use of mobile phones could be an effective strategy to promote TB awareness at a regional level. This study provides valuable evidence to support further research on the contribution of information and communication technology (ICT) usage to improving TB awareness in Nepal.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMAÇÕES, PERMANÊNCIAS E DESAFIOS NA MOBILIDADE ESPACIAL METROPOLITANA: MOVIMENTOS PENDULARES NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DA GRANDE VITÓRIA (RMGV)/Transformations, permanences and challenges in spatial mobility of a Metropolitan area: commutings in the Metropolitan Region of Grande Vitoria (RMGV)

2017 ◽  
pp. 58-80
Author(s):  
Pablo Lira ◽  
Aurélia H. Castiglioni ◽  
Pablo Jabor ◽  
Fábio Colatto
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Socioeconomic Differences ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Spatial Mobility ◽  
Spatial Inequalities ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
High Level

No cenário atual de expansão, interação e complementaridade das unidades que formam as aglomerações urbanas, intensificam-se as formas de mobilidade interurbana que não implicam em mudança de residência e que se caracterizam por sua regularidade. Este estudo analisa os movimentos pendulares para estudo e trabalho na RMGV, buscando investigar transformações, permanências e desafios da mobilidade espacial na região nas últimas décadas. São utilizadas várias fontes de dados e informações, em especial os dados censitários produzidos pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), tratados por métodos estatísticos para a construção de indicadores e pela aplicação do Sistema de Informação Geográfica para a representação cartográfica. A RMGV, que concentra população e infraestruturas sociais e produtivas, se destaca pelo dinamismo dos movimentos pendulares. A reprodução interna das diferenças socioeconômicas resulta em fluxos fortemente direcionados para o Polo Vitória, seguido por Vila Velha, Serra e Cariacica, que apresentam elevado nível de integração na dinâmica metropolitana. ABSTRACT In the current scenario of expansion, interaction and complementarity of the units that form urban agglomerations, interurban mobility patterns that do not imply change of residence and which are characterized by their regularity are intensified. This paper analyzes commuting for study and work in the RMGV, seeking to investigate transformations, permanences and challenges of spatial mobility in the region throughout the last decades. Several sources of data and information are used, specially census data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), treated by statistical methods in order to construct indicators and by the application of the Geographic Information System (GIS) for cartographic representation. The RMGV, which concentrates population as well as social and productive infrastructure, stands out by its commuting dynamism. The internal reproduction of socioeconomic differences result in flows strongly directed to Vitoria, followed by Vila Velha, Serra and Cariacica which present a high level of integration in the metropolitan dynamic. Keywords: Commuting, Metropolization Process, Socio-spatial Inequalities.

scholarly journals A Guarantee System for Youth Policies. “One Step Ahead” Towards employment and autonomy

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Professional Life ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Regional Policies ◽  
Guarantee System ◽  
Concrete Experience ◽  
One Step

The study examines a vast panorama of the policies on which depend the living and working conditions of young people. Measures were examined that can be enacted on a regional level starting from the concrete experience of 6 Regional Governments in as many European countries. The book shows that a true “Youth Guarantee” must guarantee support for the complexity of the transitions that characterise young person’s life and shows how this must be adapted to the different conditions the various segments of young population live in. The wealth and variety of concrete experiences offered by regional policies show how it is possible to activate public ations that, having adequate ingredients, will be able to lessen the negative effects of the economic crisis and allow young people to take one step ahead at any time in their private and professional life.

scholarly journals Determining Indicators Related to Land Management Interventions to Measure Spatial Inequalities in an Urban (Re)Development Process

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
Youness Achmani ◽  
Walter T. de Vries ◽  
José Serrano ◽  
Mathieu Bonnefond
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
Spatial Inequalities ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Model Rule ◽  
Housing Shortages ◽  
Institutional Analysis And Development

Nowadays, urban sprawl, urban densification, housing shortages, and land scarcity are some problems that intervene in the practice of urban planning. Those specific problems are currently more than ever emergent because they imply the notion of spatial justice and socio-spatial inequalities. Hence, it seems necessary to promptly research and describe these from a new and different perspective. Thus, we consider the Institutional Analysis and Development to define a conceptual framework to assess spatial justice. We simplify it into a three-dimensional model (rule, process, and outcomes) in which a matrix of indicators applies on each level. We elaborate the indicators to measure spatial inequalities in an urban development project, for which the reason we refer to the egalitarian paradigm of spatial justice. While spatial inequalities raise questions about land management, we elaborate those indicators related to three land management interventions: the use, access to, and redistribution of land use.

Aerial baiting for feral cats is unlikely to affect survivorship of northern quolls in the Pilbara region of Western Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 589
Author(s):  
M. Cowan ◽  
D. Moro ◽  
H. Anderson ◽  
J. Angus ◽  
S. Garretson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Reference Area ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Feral Cat ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Introduced Predators ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Wild Dog ◽  
High Level

Abstract ContextFeral cats (Felis catus) are known predators of northern quolls (Dasyurus hallucatus). Management to suppress feral cat densities often uses the poison sodium monofluoroacetate (compound 1080) in baits broadcast aerially. Eradicat® baits have demonstrated efficacy at reducing feral cat densities in some environments. However, these are not registered for use in northern Australia because their risk to non-target northern quolls remains unknown. AimsWe investigated the risks of aerially deployed feral cat Eradicat® baits containing 4.5mg of the poison 1080 on the survival of free-ranging northern quolls. MethodsThe study was conducted over a 20000-ha area in the Pilbara bioregion in Western Australia. Twenty-one wild northern quolls from a baited area and 20 quolls from a nearby reference area were fitted with radio-collars, and their survivorship was compared following the aerial deployment of over 9700 feral cat baits. Survivorship of quolls was assessed before and after the baiting campaign. Key resultsFive radio-collared quolls died at the baited area; four mortalities were due to feral cat predation, and the cause of one death was uncertain. At the reference area, seven radio-collared quolls were confirmed dead; three mortalities were due to feral cat predation, two from wild dog predation, and the cause of death of two could not be determined. Evidence for sublethal poison impacts on quolls, inferred by monitoring reproductive output, was lacking; average litter size was higher in quolls from the baited area than in those from the unbaited area, and within range of litters reported elsewhere, suggesting that acute effects of 1080 (if ingested) on reproductive success were unlikely. ConclusionsRadio-collared northern quolls survived the trial using Eradicat® baits, and females showed no acute effects of sublethal poisoning on the basis of reproductive output. A lack of quoll deaths attributed to 1080 poisoning suggests that the use of Eradicat® poses a low risk to northern quolls in the Pilbara. Importantly, the high level of mortalities associated with predation by feral cats, and to a lesser extent, canids, validates the threats of these introduced predators on quolls, suggesting that their control in areas where quolls are present is likely to be beneficial for the recovery of this species. ImplicationsLand managers aiming to conserve northern quolls in the Pilbara would see conservation benefits if they introduced an operational landscape-scale feral cat baiting program using Eradicat® baits, with appropriate monitoring.

DIGITAL COMPETENCE OF CIVIL SERVANTS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR THE REPUTATION OF GOVERNMENT UNDER CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION (AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
T. V. BOROVIKOVA ◽  
◽  
N. N. ROZANOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Digital Competence ◽  
High Level ◽  
Regional Authorities

The article actualizes the task of forming digital competence of civil servants from the position of value-based approach, the application of which can neutralize the risks of reducing the reputational potential of the authorities. These risks are associated with the problem of insufficiently high level of information openness of regional authorities in the conditions of digital transformation; the expediency of considering information open-ness as a significant indicator of digital maturity of public administration is substantiated.

scholarly journals Application of Random Forest and SHAP Tree Explainer in Exploring Spatial (In)Justice to Aid Urban Planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
Debzani Deb ◽  
Russell M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Inequality ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Economic Mobility ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
Spatial Inequalities ◽  
Underground Storage Tanks ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Individual Measure ◽  
Global Events

In light of recent local, national, and global events, spatial justice provides a potentially powerful lens by which to explore a multitude of spatial inequalities. For more than two decades, scholars have been espousing the power of this concept to help develop more equitable and just communities. However, defining spatial justice and developing a methodology for quantitatively analyzing it is complicated and no agreed upon metric for examining spatial justice has been developed. Instead, individual measures of spatial injustices have been studied. One such individual measure is economic mobility. Recent research on economic mobility has revealed the importance of local geography on upward mobility and may serve as an important keystone in developing a metric for multiple place-based issues of spatial inequality. This paper seeks to explore place-based variables within individual census tracts in an effort to understand their impact on economic mobility and potentially spatial justice. The methodology relies on machine learning techniques and the results show that the best performing model is able to predict economic mobility of a census tract based on its spatial variables with 86% accuracy. The availability and density of jobs, compactness of the area, and the presence of medical facilities and underground storage tanks have the greatest influence, whereas some of the influential features are positively while the others are negatively associated. In the end, this research will allow for comparative analysis between differing geographies and also identify leading variables in the overall quest for spatial justice.

scholarly journals The Needs of Youth and Spatial Justice. How the Inclusion of Youth Preferences Can Support Targeted Regional Policies

Europa XXI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 71-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Kulawczuk ◽  
Andrzej Poszewiecki ◽  
Adam Szczęch
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Youth Policy ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Decision To Leave ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
Regional Policies ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Policy Measures

Euroregion Baltic faces strong depopulation pressure, with Poland and Lithuania both experiencing marked population declines, especially in rural areas, in the last 20 years – thanks to immigration abroad. Internal immigration to these countries’ cities is also taking place. While Germany, Sweden, Russia and Denmark have achieved temporary improvements in population indicators, this was thanks to their willingness to take in war refugees – a factor therefore incidental in nature, and not impacting upon an overall trend seeing people move out of rural areas in large numbers. With a view to this challenge being addressed in a more permanent way, research described here assessed whether the introduction of youth-policy measures might allow for better revamping of regional policies so as to persuade young people to remain in their regions. An assumption underpinning this work was that departure from a region reflects deficits in spatial justice, first and foremost an unequal distribution of infrastructure vis-à-vis education, housing, recreation, jobs, and so on. To determine which spheres critically underpin a decision to leave, young people’s preferences for their futures were studied under the CASYPOT project, involving 6 localities in four of the Euroregion’s states. In the event, the research was able to confirm a capacity on the part of youth surveys to deliver information on factors critical to decision-making that can be regarded as of value as regional policies are reorientated to try and ensure a higher level of spatial justice. The survey showed that factors most likely to prompt out-migration among young people relate to insufficient educational services and the inadequacy of the labour market.

scholarly journals REGIONAL FEATURES OF THE LABOR MARKET OF KHMELNYTSKYI REGION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Andreitseva
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Skilled Labor ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Regional Labor Market ◽  
Regional Market ◽  
Regional Labor ◽  
High Level

In the conditions of the information society, the study of the processes inherent in the regional labor markets of Ukraine is especially relevant. The labor market should promote the efficient use of labor in accordance with the requirements of production, to ensure a rational structure of employment. Today, the regulation of the labor market at the regional level acquires special significance, as only at the regional level can their socio-economic, demographic, ecological and other features be most fully taken into account. The purpose of the article is to determine the features of the labor market of Khmelnytskyi region. The methodological and informational basis of the study are the articles of scientists who cover the issues of statistical evaluation of the labor market, its elements, materials of periodicals, Internet resources on these issues. During the study, methods of systematic and logical analysis, the method of generalization of information, comparative analysis, structural and dynamic analysis were used, as well as the method of visualization of information using graphs and tables. The article defines the concept of “regional labor market”. The peculiarities of the labor market of Khmelnytskyi region are investigated. The structural and dynamic analysis of the influence of factors on the regional market situation is carried out. The dynamics of employment by spheres of activity, professional groups is considered, its decrease by 13%, growth of the share of employment in the spheres of health care, art, sports is established. Unemployment growth factors have been identified. The unemployment rate rose to 9.9%, spread among the population with higher and vocational education. A high level of demand for low-skilled labor has been established, which has led to excessive differentiation in wages in the labor market. The efficiency of wages by types of economic activity, cities of the region are considered, the reduction of real wages is determined. According to the results of the study, it was found that the labor market of Khmelnytskyi region is inefficient, in particular: reducing the level of economic activity and employment; rising unemployment; there is a high level of demand for low-skilled labor, which has led to excessive differentiation in wages; increasing the workload of registered unemployed per vacancy due to the spread of crisis in the economy, the COVID-19 pandemic; reduction of real wages.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Workforce in Macroregion Two and Macroregion Four

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-41
Author(s):  
Chiripuci Bogdan ◽  
◽  
Scrieciu Albert ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
National Level ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Full Time ◽  
European Level ◽  
Public Investments ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Skilled Staff

he economic development that preceded the economic crisis of 2008 has caused a lack of staff on the labor market, in particular of specialists in certain key areas, in all developed countries. The acute shortage of skilled staff at European level is also found among Romania, where companies play an important role in defining society at local and regional level. Romania has about 19 million people, of whom only 5 million are full-time employees, and the labor market estimates a shortage of more than 1 million employees in 2021, according to a study by audit and consulting firm PwC. In this respect, it was considered appropriate to analyze two development macroregions in Romania, which register smallest, respectively the and largest population in terms of national level. The general objective of the research is to identify the macroregion that has a greater potential for making private and even public investments. In this way, the method of multicriteria analysis at the level of applied methodology was used, so that current and future entrepreneurs can observe a clear delimitation of the two opposite areas of the country, regarding the existing potential on the labor market. Being positioned in opposite parts of the country, Macroregion Two and Macroregion Four each have certain specific economic characteristics, which can lead to a sustainable maroregional strategy for on the stability and prosperity of the labor market.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document