Analysis of related factors of transient hypothyroidism in premature infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2660-2662
Author(s):  
Gao Ke. ◽  
Syed Haider Abbas ◽  
Ali Faheem ◽  
Muhammad Zeeshan ◽  
Rizwan Masud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Transient Hypothyroidism ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Future Work

Aim: In this paper, the related factors of transient hypothyroidism in premature infants were discussed, the incidence of THOP was observed, and the risk factors were analyzed to guide future work. Methods: From January 2017 to January 2018, 117 premature infants admitted to neonatology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College were selected and diagnosed with THOP in 48 cases, including 31 males and 17 females.< 1 500 g 17 cases, 1 500 ~ 2 500 g 70 cases, > 2 500 g 30 cases; Gestational age ≤32 weeks 30 cases, 33 ~ 34 weeks 37 cases, 35 ~ 36 weeks 50 cases. Results: The incidence of THOP in different gestational age groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05).The incidence of THOP in different weight groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05).The differences of asphyxia, RDS and gestational hypertension in premature infants were statistically significant (P < 0.05), while the differences of intracranial hemorrhage, polycythemia, sepsis and hypoglycemia were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Gestational age ≤32 weeks and gestational hypertension were independent risk factors for THOP. Key words: transient hypothyroidism; correlative factors; premature infants

scholarly journals Nomophobia: mobile phone dependence among students of a medical college in Central Odisha, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 4011
Author(s):  
Swetaleena Ashe ◽  
Dipanweeta Routray ◽  
Rama Chandra Giri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Background: Nomophobia, stands for “no mobile phone phobia". The tremendous increase in mobile phone usage among youngsters has led to negative impact on their mental health status. Current study aims at finding out the prevalence of nomophobia (mild, moderate, and severe), various health related conditions and independent risk factors of severe nomophobia among medical students of a tertiary care college and Hospital of Central Odisha.Methods: A cross sectional study carried out among 450 students of a medical college of Central Odisha. Simple random sampling was done. Predesigned pretested questionnaire including Nomophobia questionnaire (NMP-Q) was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS and logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent risk factors of severe nomophobia.Results: Out of 450 students, 246 (54.6%) were boys and rest were girls. Nomohobia was universally present and students suffering from mild, moderate and severe form of nomophobia comprised of 33 (7.3%), 327 (72.7%) and 90 (20%) respectively. Independent risk factors of severe nomophobia were fourth year of study and above (aOR=2.69), use of costly handsets (aOR=4.56), monthly bill of more than rupees 500 for cell phone use (aOR=6.09) and anxiousness of staying updated with news all the time (aOR=4.86).Conclusions: Nomophobia is a highly prevalent condition among the medical students found across age groups, gender and socio-economic status which depends on phone usage. It is recommended that screening and proper counselling should be available in order to decrease the burden and create awareness about nomophobia among the medical students.

scholarly journals Incidence and risk factors for deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity after surgical treatment of isolated patella fractures

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanchao Tan ◽  
Hongzhi Hu ◽  
Xiangtian Deng ◽  
Jian Zhu ◽  
Yanbin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Patella Fractures ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background Limited information exists on the incidence of postoperative deep venous thromboembolism (DVT) in patients with isolated patella fractures. The objective of this study was to investigate the postoperative incidence and locations of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremity in patients who underwent isolated patella fractures and identify the associated risk factors. Methods Medical data of 716 hospitalized patients was collected. The patients had acute isolated patella fractures and were admitted at the 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 1, 2016, and February 31, 2019. All patients met the inclusion criteria. Medical data was collected using the inpatient record system, which included the patient demographics, patient’s bad hobbies, comorbidities, past medical history, fracture and surgery-related factors, hematological biomarkers, total hospital stay, and preoperative stay. Doppler examination was conducted for the diagnosis of DVT. Univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the independent risk factors. Results Among the 716 patients, DVT was confirmed in 29 cases, indicating an incidence of 4.1%. DVT involved bilateral limbs (injured and uninjured) in one patient (3.4%). DVT involved superficial femoral common vein in 1 case (3.4%), popliteal vein in 6 cases (20.7%), posterior tibial vein in 11 cases (37.9%), and peroneal vein in 11 cases (37.9%). The median of the interval between surgery and diagnosis of DVT was 4.0 days (range, 1.0-8.0 days). Six variables were identified to be independent risk factors for DVT which included age category (> 65 years old), OR, 4.44 (1.34-14.71); arrhythmia, OR, 4.41 (1.20-16.15); intra-operative blood loss, OR, 1.01 (1.00-1.02); preoperative stay (delay of each day), OR, 1.43 (1.15-1.78); surgical duration, OR, 1.04 (1.03-1.06); LDL-C (> 3.37 mmol/L), OR, 2.98 (1.14-7.76). Conclusion Incidence of postoperative DVT in patients with isolated patella fractures is substantial. More attentions should be paid on postoperative DVT prophylaxis in patients with isolated patella fractures. Identification of associated risk factors can help clinicians recognize the risk population, assess the risk of DVT, and develop personalized prophylaxis strategies.

scholarly journals A study of risk factors and their correlation with severity of retinopathy of prematurity: a prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1984
Author(s):  
Bhuvaneshwari C. Yelameli ◽  
Ramesh V. Neelannavar ◽  
Kiruthika Das
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Recent advances in neonatal care in the last decade and improved survival rates have resulted in an apparent increase in the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), which is the most important cause of preventable blindness in infants. This study was done to identify the risk factors which predispose to ROP and to assess its correlation with severity of ROP.Methods: A total of 140 neonates with gestational age ≤34 weeks, birth weight ≤2000 grams who were admitted at NICU, S. N. Medical College and HSK Hospital, Bagalkot from December 2018 to May 2019 were considered. Babies were assessed and recorded for the risk factors of ROP in a predesigned proforma. ROP screening was performed using wide-field digital imaging on a retcam shuttle (Clarity MSI, USA).Results: A total of 140 babies were examined, and an overall incidence of ROP was 52 (37.1%). 17 (32.7%) had stage 3, 3 (5.8%) had stage 4, and 1 (1.9%) had stage 5. Among the 52 babies with ROP, 19 (51.3%) underwent laser photoablation. Risk factors like gestational age, birth weight, maternal risk factors, apnea, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), hypoglycaemia, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), sepsis, coronary heart disease (CHD), blood transfusion and oxygen requirement duration were significantly associated with ROP. Delay in the establishment of feeds has been associated with ROP (p<0.001).Conclusions: Screening should be intensified in the presence of risk factors which can reduce the incidence of severe stages of ROP as highlighted by this study.

scholarly journals Age-Related Risk Factors and Complications of Patients With COVID-19: A Population-Based Retrospective Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zhang ◽  
Yingying Wu ◽  
Yuqing He ◽  
Xingyuan Liu ◽  
Mingqian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Objective: To study the differences in clinical characteristics, risk factors, and complications across age-groups among the inpatients with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods: In this population-based retrospective study, we included all the positive hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at Wuhan City from December 29, 2019 to April 15, 2020, during the first pandemic wave. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the risk factors for death from COVID-19. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was performed to study the associations between comorbidities and complications.Results: There are 36,358 patients in the final cohort, of whom 2,492 (6.85%) died. Greater age (odds ration [OR] = 1.061 [95% CI 1.057–1.065], p &lt; 0.001), male gender (OR = 1.726 [95% CI 1.582–1.885], p &lt; 0.001), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.558 [95% CI 1.355–1.786], p &lt; 0.001), smoking (OR = 1.326 [95% CI 1.055–1.652], p = 0.014), hypertension (OR = 1.175 [95% CI 1.067–1.293], p = 0.001), diabetes (OR = 1.258 [95% CI 1.118–1.413], p &lt; 0.001), cancer (OR = 1.86 [95% CI 1.507–2.279], p &lt; 0.001), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR = 1.745 [95% CI 1.427–2.12], p &lt; 0.001), and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (OR = 1.96 [95% CI 1.323–2.846], p = 0.001) were independent risk factors for death from COVID-19. Patients aged 40–80 years make up the majority of the whole patients, and them had similar risk factors with the whole patients. For patients aged &lt;40 years, only cancer (OR = 17.112 [95% CI 6.264–39.73], p &lt; 0.001) and ICH (OR = 31.538 [95% CI 5.213–158.787], p &lt; 0.001) were significantly associated with higher odds of death. For patients aged &gt;80 years, only age (OR = 1.033 [95% CI 1.008–1.059], p = 0.01) and male gender (OR = 1.585 [95% CI 1.301–1.933], p &lt; 0.001) were associated with higher odds of death. The incidence of most complications increases with age, but arrhythmias, gastrointestinal bleeding, and sepsis were more common in younger deceased patients with COVID-19, with only arrhythmia reaching statistical difference (p = 0.039). We found a relatively poor correlation between preexisting risk factors and complications.Conclusions: Coronavirus disease 2019 are disproportionally affected by age for its clinical manifestations, risk factors, complications, and outcomes. Prior complications have little effect on the incidence of extrapulmonary complications.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic gradients of adverse birth outcomes and related maternal factors in rural and urban Alberta, Canada: a concentration index approach

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e033296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ospina ◽  
Álvaro Román Osornio-Vargas ◽  
Charlene C Nielsen ◽  
Susan Crawford ◽  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Pregnancy Weight

ObjectiveUsing a summary measure of health inequalities, this study evaluated the distribution of adverse birth outcomes (ABO) and related maternal risk factors across area-level socioeconomic status (SES) gradients in urban and rural Alberta, Canada.DesignCross-sectional study using a validated perinatal clinical registry and an area-level SES.SettingThe study was conducted in Alberta, Canada. Data about ABO and related maternal risk factors were obtained from the Alberta Perinatal Health Program between 2006 and 2012. An area-level SES index derived from census data (2006) was linked to the postal code at delivery.ParticipantsWomen (n=3 30 957) having singleton live births with gestational age ≥22 weeks.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe estimated concentration indexes to assess inequalities across SES gradients in both rural and urban areas (CIdxRand CIdxU, respectively) for spontaneous preterm birth (PTB), small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, smoking and substance use during pregnancy and pre-pregnancy weight >91 kg.ResultsThe highest health inequalities disfavouring low SES groups were identified for substance abuse and smoking in rural areas (CIdxR−0.38 and −0.23, respectively). Medium inequalities were identified for LGA (CIdxR−0.08), pre-pregnancy weight >91 kg (CIdxR−0.07), substance use (CIdxU−0.15), smoking (CIdxU−0.14), gestational diabetes (CIdxU−0.10) and SGA (CIdxU−0.07). Low inequalities were identified for PTB (CIdxR−0.05; CIdxU−0.05) and gestational diabetes (CIdxR−0.04). Inequalities disfavouring high SES groups were identified for gestational hypertension (CIdxR+0.04), SGA (CIdxR+0.03) and LGA (CIdxU+0.03).ConclusionsABO and related maternal risk factors were unequally distributed across the socioeconomic gradient in urban–rural settings, with the greatest concentrations in lower SES groups of rural areas. Future research is needed on underlying mechanisms driving SES gradients in perinatal health across the rural–urban spectrum.

Risk Factors for Iron Deficiency in Very Preterm Infants at 4-6 Months Corrected Age

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 28-28
Author(s):  
Carmen Landry ◽  
Jon Dorling ◽  
Ketan Kulkarni ◽  
Marsha Campbell-Yeo ◽  
Michael Vincer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
P Value

Background: Iron is an essential micronutrient, especially in infants and young children and is required for erythropoiesis and development of the central nervous system. However, iron deficiency (ID) is the most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide. ID and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) have been associated with poor neurodevelopmental and behavioural outcomes later in life. Preterm infants are particularly at risk of developing ID in early life due to lower iron stores at birth, accelerated growth in the first weeks of life and multiple phlebotomies while in hospital. Therefore, international recommendations suggest prophylactic iron therapy of 2-4 mg/kg/day starting at 2-6 weeks of age until at least 6-12 months in preterm and low birth weight infants. This prophylactic iron supplementation has been shown to be effective at reducing the incidence of ID and IDA. However, the published work mainly involves moderate to late preterm infants and the research is lacking on iron status after discharge in very preterm infants (VPI, &lt;31 weeks gestational age). Based on our previous work, 32% of the VPIs were iron deficient at 4-6 months corrected age despite this early supplementation. Since the development of ID may have permanent detrimental effects on the developing brain of these high-risk preterm infants, a knowledge of risk factors for ID is also important to identify strategies focused on its prevention. Objective: To investigate the risk factors associated with development of ID Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the IWK Health Centre using a population based provincial Perinatal Follow-Up Program database. All live-born VPIs born in Nova Scotia between 2005-2018 were included. Patients with congenital malformations, chromosomal anomalies, or who died prior to outcome assessment were excluded. As a standard of care, all these infants were started on prophylactic iron supplements (2-3 mg/kg/day) at 2-4 weeks of chronological age. Iron dosage was regularly adjusted during the hospital stay as guided by serum ferritin levels. At discharge, it was recommended to continue iron prophylaxis until 9-12 months corrected age. All these infants underwent a blood test during their first neonatal follow-up visit at 4-6 months corrected age to check for hemoglobin, reticulocyte count and serum ferritin. ID was defined as serum ferritin &lt;20g/l or &lt;12g/l at 4 and 6 months respectively. A univariate analysis was performed by using a series of single variable logistic regression models to identify the factors associated with presence of ID. Factors with a p-value &lt; 0.20 in the univariate analysis were entered into a multivariable risk model for occurrence of ID using a backwards selection procedure. Variables with a p-value &lt; 0.05 were retained. Results: Of 411 infants included in the study, 32.1% (n=132) had ID. The prevalence of ID decreased over time (37.6% in 2005-2011 vs 25.8% in 2012-2018 cohort). Table 1 compares the antenatal and neonatal characteristics of the ID and non-ID groups. Table 2 compares sociodemographic variables and clinical variables at the time of follow up of the two groups. Independent risk factors for ID were: gestational age (&lt;27 weeks to &gt;27 weeks) (OR:1.7 (1.0-2.9), p=0.04) and gestational hypertension (OR: 2.1(1.2-3.7), p=0.009). Independent factors protective for ID were: mixed feeding (breast milk and formula compared to formula alone) (OR: 0.5 (0.2-0.9), p=0.021) and iron supplementation at follow-up (OR:0.5 (0.3-0.9), p=0.02). Conclusion(s): Despite prophylactic iron supplementation, one-third of VPIs had ID at 4-6 months corrected age. Gestational hypertension in mother and gestational age &lt; 27 weeks were independent risk factors for ID. In addition, despite adjusting for iron supplementation at follow-up, the formula feeding group was more likely to have ID compared to the mixed feeding group. This may be because of the sub-therapeutic iron intake in the formula fed infants. It is often thought that formula milk may have sufficient iron to meet the demands of growing infants and thus, they are less likely to receive higher doses of supplemental iron beyond what is contained in the formula. However, this may not be true since the iron present in formula may not have the same bioavailability as breast milk. Future prospective studies are required to further validate these observations. Nonetheless, the study identified important areas to mitigate ID in VPIs. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Magnitude of Abdominal Wound Dehiscence and Associated Factors of Patients Who Underwent Abdominal Operation at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Berhanetsehay Teklewold ◽  
Dut Pioth ◽  
Tadele Dana
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Complete Healing ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Abdominal Wound ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Abdominal Wound Dehiscence

Background. Abdominal wound dehiscence (AWD) is the separation of different layers of an abdominal wound before complete healing has taken place. It is a major cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia, and little is known about its prevalence and related factors in the study area. Objectives. The aim of this study is to assess the magnitude of abdominal wound dehiscence and related factors on patients operated at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods. A hospital-based retrospective review of the chart was carried out by using the data covering three years (September 2014–September 2017) period. Data were collected from hospital medical records of sampled patients such as operation room logbooks and individual patient medical records. The collected data were checked for consistency, coded, and entered into SPSS version 20 for data processing and analysis. Descriptive analysis was conducted, and tables and graphs and summary statistics were used to depict data. Results. A total of 41 patients developed abdominal wound dehiscence from among 4137 patients who underwent abdominal laparotomy in the hospital. Among the patients, 51.2% were in the age range of 41 and above with mean age 29.8 (SD = 1.21) and 70.7% of them were male. Abdominal wound dehiscence was more common in emergency patients (90%) and vertical incision was the most common type of incision. Over half (58.5%) of the wound dehiscence occurred within 6–10 postoperative days. The majority (95.2%) of dehisced patients underwent relaparotomy for the management of the wound dehiscence, and 48.8% of them were treated with tension suture during the second operation of abdominal closure. Four of the patients (9.7%) died after the management of the second operation. Conclusion. The current study revealed that the overall magnitude of abdominal wound dehiscence in the study area was 0.99%. Most of the dehiscence has occurred in male patients, and older age groups were highly affected than the younger ones. Emergency admission is the most common form of admission identified in the study, and this signifies appropriate preoperative preparation of patients for an optimal outcome. However, regarding the management outcome, 9.8% of patients died in our study within the institution after the second operation which is the high mortality rate.

Amplitude Integrated Electroencephalogram Integration to Monitor the Relationship Between Development and Changes of the Nervous System in Late Preform Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1704-1712
Author(s):  
Sehua Qu ◽  
Lianqiang Shan ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Rui Zhou ◽  
Huaixiang Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Voltage Difference ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Neuroprotective Strategy ◽  
The Relationship

This article uses amplitude integration of electroencephalogram integration to detect the development of the nervous system of late perform infants, and to study its changes, using a stratified randomized controlled trial method. The preform infants in the neonatal department of postnatal birth had the research object. The sample size was calculated, according to the first set of tires into small gestational age groups, and gestational age large. The subjects of each group were randomly divided into small gestational age groups, small gestational age intervention groups, large gestational age groups and large gestational age intervention groups. Two preterm children increased with age growth. The performance of the broadband and narrowband sector decreased voltage need the voltage lower bound ofa growing trend to the voltage difference becomes smaller. Oral exercise intervention is safe and effective for premature infants over 30 weeks old and can be used clinically as a neuroprotective strategy.

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