scholarly journals Tifton 85 grass responses to different nitrogen levels and cutting intervals

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 2067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loreno Egidio Taffarel ◽  
Eduardo Eustáquio Mesquita ◽  
Deise Dalazen Castagnara ◽  
Sandra Galbeiro ◽  
Patrícia Barcellos Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
State University ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of five levels of N and two regrowth intervals on the structural, productive, and nutritional characteristics of Tifton 85 grass (Cynodon spp). The experiment was conducted in a hay production field at the State University of West Paraná, planted in 2004 with Cynodon spp. cv. Tifton 85. The experiment was established in a randomized block design with factorial treatments of five N fertilization amounts (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg ha-1 cut-1) applied as urea after each cut, and two regrowth intervals (28 and 35 d), with four replicates. N application promoted changes in plant structure, such as increased canopy height, stem length, leaf elongation rate, and dry mass (DM) production. The greatest N use efficiency, considering the four harvests, occurred in the plot with 25 kg N ha-1 cut-1 at the 35-d interval, with a production of 13.79 kg DM kg-1 of N applied. A nutritional analysis indicated that 100 kg ha-1 of N cut-1 promoted higher crude protein (CP) at 28 d, with the highest concentration observed in the fourth cut (208.2 g kg-1 DM) and the lowest in the second cut (140.12 g kg-1 DM). The content average in the four cuts for CP and LIG at 28 days of regrowth was 175.85 and 104.33 kg-1 g MS and at 35 days of regrowth interval was of 164.45 and 118.65 g kg-1 DM, respectively. No differences were found between regrowth intervals in the contents of mineral matter and acid detergent fiber (ADF). Environmental factors including the wide variation in precipitation (greater than 200 mm between the peak in December 2010 and the lowest in March 2011) greatly influenced Tifton 85 grass production, affecting DM and the nutritional value of the forage in each cut.

scholarly journals Waste management of pseudostem to increase the growth of banana seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Domingues Lima ◽  
Natália de Souza Bravo ◽  
Danilo Eduardo Rozane ◽  
Edson Suigueaki Nomura ◽  
Silvia Helena Modenese Gorla da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
State University ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Water Nutrients

Pseudostem is an abundant residue after harvesting of the banana bunch, serving as a source of water, nutrients and organic substances.  The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of pseudostem waste on ‘Nanica’ banana (Musa spp. AAA) cultivar in greenhouse under contrasting environmental conditions.  For this, an experiment was carried out in in the São Paulo State University -UNESP in a randomized block design in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (presence or absence of waste and two seasons), consisting of four replicates of three experimental plots with two pots per plant.  One season was early November/2018 (Summer) and the other half of May/2019 (Winter).  A 40 cm portion of the pseudostem collected from of a freshly harvested plant was sectioned into 10 cm portions and placed under the substrate of the seedling-containing pot at both times.  Periodically, height, pseudostem diameter and leaf emission were evaluated.  After the release of leachate by the residue, plants were taken to the laboratory, and the area of leaves and roots, their respective masses, and the leaf nutrient content were determined.  The nutritional composition of the residue was evaluated before being applied for both seasons.  In summer, accumulated dry matter in the different organs, leaf area and root area was higher in the presence of the residue, while in winter, only root dry mass was higher (P < 0.01).  The application of residue had a consistent effect on root growth, which can be exploited in the field.

scholarly journals Efficiency Use of Nitrogen In Several Palm Oil Varieties With Treatment of Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels In Main Nursery

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-433
Author(s):  
Muhammad Afrillah ◽  
Chairani Hanum ◽  
Abdul Rauf
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Two Factors

Efficiency use of nitrogen in several palm oil varieties with treatment in nitrogen fertilizer level in main nursery. This study aims to determine the growth characteristics of several varieties of palm oil efficient use of nitrogen with the provision of various nitrogen levels in the main nursery. The research was conducted in the nursery area of Yos Sudarso Binjai road and the Soil Laboratory of the Palm Oil Research Center, Medan from May to November 2017, using a factorial randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is varieties consisting of 7 types namely Avros, Simalungun, PPKS 540, Yangambi, PPKS 718, PPKS 239, Langkat. The second factor is the N fertilization dose consisting of 5 levels ie 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% from fertilizer recommendation. The results showed that the addition of N level increased the dry weight of the canopy, and the uptake of plant N nutrients. The efficient use of optimal Nitrogen in Yangambi varieties was obtained on N 25% fertilization, while Avros and PPKS 239 were at 50% recommendation level. 75% recommendation produce optimal value efficient use of N on Simalungun variety, PPKS 718, and Langkat. PPKS 540 varieties efficient use of N optimal at 100% recommendation level.

scholarly journals Morphogenic and structural characteristics and chemical composition of grass aruana, submitted to nitrogen fertilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Mariana Hupp Sacramento ◽  
Olga Cedro de Menezes ◽  
Tarcísio Marques Barros ◽  
Diego Novais Pinheiro ◽  
Soraya Maria Palma Luz Jaeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Leaf Appearance

This study aimed at evaluating the morphogenic and structural characteristics of Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Aruana, as well as its chemical composition after submitting it to different nitrogen levels. The experiment was performed by adopting a randomized block design which included four treatments (0, 75, 150 and 225 kg ha-1 of N) and three replications, in 100 m2 plots. Twice a week, for the 63 days of regrowth, the morphogenic characteristics were determined and estimated, after which the chemical composition was assessed. The aruana grass revealed a quadratic and positive response to the nitrogen fertilization, and showed a remarkable rise in the elongation rates, leaf appearance and senescence, besides the number of live leaves per tiller and final leaf length. However, the nitrogen fertilization reduced the phyllochron and leaf life in the aruana grass, implying the direct effect of nitrogen on the flow of tissues. A quadratic and positive effect of the nitrogen fertilization was observed for the dry mass production, from 5,840.80 kg ha-1 for plants lacking the nitrogen fertilization to 8,862.55 kg ha-1 for those fertilized with 225 kg ha-1 of N. Thus, while the nitrogen fertilization positively affected both tillering and morphogenesis, the N doses used in this study were insufficient to induce any change in the chemical composition of the aruana grass.

scholarly journals AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF CONTENDER AND AMARELO JAPONÊS CULTIVARS UNDER DIFFERENT WATER REPLACEMENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 986-994
Author(s):  
JANAINA BORGES DE AZEVEDO FRANÇA ◽  
FREDERICO ANTONIO LOUREIRO SOARES ◽  
NEI PEIXOTO ◽  
MUZA DO CARMO VIEIRA ◽  
ANDERSON DIAS VAZ DE SOUZA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
State University ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass

ABSTRACT The use of cultivars appropriate to the soil and climate characteristics of a region provides farmers with security by facilitating credit for crop financing and improving product prices in local commerce. The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of “Contender” and “Amarelo Japonês” green bean bush cultivars grown in the Cerrado in terms of water replenishment (RH) of 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125% of evaporation using the Piché evaporimeter. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of the State University of Goiás, on the Ipameri Campus. The experimental design was a randomized block design. Sowing was done in May 2017, with treatments distributed in a split-plots scheme with water replenishment in plots and cultivar subplots with 3 replications. The analyzed variables were: height; stem diameter; leaf number; leaf area; number of inflorescences; number of flowers; fresh and dry mass of the plant; number, length, diameter, fresh and dry mass of the pods. The different water replenishment rates increased the mean plant height, stem diameter, number of pods per plant, number of bean seeds per pod, and number of bean seeds per plant in the cultivars “Amarelo Japonês” and “Contender.” Water replenishment of 125% produced higher development and better agronomic performance in the two cultivars than the other rates.

scholarly journals Nitrogen rates on the agronomic performance of second-crop corn single and intercropped with ruzigrass or showy rattlebox

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moryb Jorge Lima da Costa Sapucay ◽  
Antonio Eduardo Coelho ◽  
Felipe Bratti ◽  
Jorge Luiz Locatelli ◽  
Luis Sangoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Rates ◽  
Crotalaria Spectabilis

ABSTRACT Topdressing nitrogen (N) rates may alter the second-crop corn performance, and this response may vary if the corn is grown single or intercropped with grass or leguminous species. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of topdressing N rates on the growth and productive performance of second-crop corn grown single or intercropped with ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) or showy rattlebox (Crotalaria spectabilis). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with a split-plot arrangement and four replications. The plots consisted of corn grown single or intercropped with ruzigrass or showy rattlebox, while the subplots consisted of N rates (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1). The evaluated variables were: SPAD index at R1; normalized difference vegetation index at V4 and V7; leaf area at R1; leaf and total corn dry mass at R1; grain and total corn dry mass at R6; number of ears per plant and grains per ear; 1,000-grain mass; and grain yield. In the absence of N fertilization and with topdressing of 60 kg ha-1 of N, the intercropping with U. ruziziensis reduces the growth and productive performance of second-crop corn. The topdressing N fertilization for second-crop corn intercropped with U. ruziziensis minimizes the forage competition on corn growth and provides a productive performance similar to monocropping from 120 kg ha-1 of N. The intercropping with C. spectabilis does not change the corn growth and productive performance, as well as the response to the topdressing N rates, when compared to monocropping, in the second crop cultivation.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE ON ITALIAN ZUCCHINI PLANTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
José Carlos Lopes ◽  
Nathália Aparecida Bragança Fávaris ◽  
Allan Rocha de Freitas ◽  
Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre ◽  
Simone De Oliveira Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Plant Part ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Red Latosol

Italian zucchini is a very important crop due to its short cycle, high productivity and great market acceptance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the emergence and growth of Italian zucchini plants in substrates enriched with sewage sludge. The study was conducted in a greenhouse using Italian zucchini seeds purchased at a local commerce. The substrates were composed of dystrophic Yellow Red Latosol; sand and sewage sludge in the proportions of 0; 40; 80; 120 and 240 t ha-1, in a randomized block design. Each experimental plot was composed of twenty replicates. The following variables were analyzed: emergence, emergence velocity index, first leaf length, stem length, number of leaves, fresh and dry aerial plant part, volume and root dry mass. It was verified that the post-seminal growth of Italian zucchini is viable in maximum concentration of up to 398.56 t ha-1 of sewage sludge.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and potassium supply and the morphogenic and productive characteristics of marandu palisadegrass

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1666-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Mahmoud Megda ◽  
Francisco Antonio Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
System Development ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Root System Development ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Specific Length

The objective of this work was to study morphogenic characteristics, and dry matter production of roots and shoots of marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) submitted to combinations of nitrogen and potassium, in a nutritive solution, employing silica as substrate. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse during the summer. It was used a 5² fractionated factorial scheme with 13 combinations of nitrogen and potassium, which were distributed in a randomized block design, with four replications. The nitrogen × potassium interaction was significant for the number of tillers and leaves, for leaf area, for shoots and root section dry mass, for total length and surface and specific length and surface in the roots. Production of aerial part dry mass positively correlated with the number of tillers and leaves and grass leaf area. Nitrogen rates modulated the root system development, and the root specific length and surface decreased when high rates of nitrogen and potassium were supllied. Nitrogen and potassium influence Marandu palisadegrass morphogenic characteristics, which are determinant for grass dry matter production.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of sorghum silages

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
Daniel Ananias de Assis Pires ◽  
Renê Ferreira Costa ◽  
Daniella Cangussú Tolentino ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
High Participation ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes

 This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional characteristics and quality of silages of five sorghum genotypes, namely: Volumax, AG2005E, Qualimax, BRS610 and AG2501. The study was conducted at the Experimental Farm Unimontes, in the municipality of Janaúba, state of Minas Gerais. The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design with four replicates. Data were tested by analysis of variance andmeans were compared by Scott-Knott test at a significance level of 5%. The pH values ranged from 3.93 and 4.10. Genotypes differed in all studied nutritional characteristics (p < 0.05). For the acid detergent fiber, differences were detected between the genotypes, AG2501 (35.66%), Volumax (34.89%), AG2005E (34.53%), Qualimax (32.39%) and BRS610 (33.60%). The high participation of lignin was verifiedin all genotypes except for Volumax (4.14%). All silages were within the recommended range 50-65% for in vitro dry matter digestibility and classified as having good quality, however only the AG2005E genotype met nitrogen requirements for microbial fermentation, with 7.06% crude protein. 

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF FORAGE CACTUS VARIETIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILIPE LIMA DE AMORIM ◽  
JANAINA AZEVEDO MARTUSCELLO ◽  
JOSÉ TEODORICO DE ARAÚJO FILHO ◽  
DANIEL DE NORONHA FIGUEIREDO VIEIRA DA CUNHA ◽  
LIANA JANK
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT: Cultivars of the genus Nopalea are known in Brazil for being tolerant to cochineal carmine attacks, thus making the cultivation of this genus a promising alternative for mitigating the negative effects of this insect on the production of biomass. With the objectives of characterizing morphologically spineless forage cactus varieties and identify morphological characteristics that may be the focus in spineless forage cactus breeding programs, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with 11 treatments and four replications. The variety Alagoas showed the highest values of weight, area and volume of cladodes. The varieties Negro Michoacan F7 and V7, Tamazunchale V12 showed the highest values of the cladode area index, the total volume of cladodes and total fresh mass production. The varieties Negro Michoacan V7 and F7 presented the highest water use efficiency and dry mass yield. Cladode volume showed the highest correlation coefficients with the fresh weight of cladodes. Aiming the release of varieties for biomass production, varieties Negro Michoacan F7, V7 and Tamazunchale V12 may substitute the Miúda variety. The number and cladode area index may be used as criteria for selection of superior varieties in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Drought-induced alterations in the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the relation with drought tolerance in sugar cane

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Ramos da Silva ◽  
Jairo Osvaldo Cazetta ◽  
Samira Domingues Carlin ◽  
Bruna Robiati Telles
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Transpiration ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Prolonged Drought ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACT Although there are evidences that the proper supply of mineral nutrients to plants relieves water stress, little is known on the approach of how the drought affects the absorption and accumulation of nutrients by distinct sugar cane genotypes, or in different parts of a same plant. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the content and accumulation of N, P and K in the aerial part of plant from three genotypes of sugar cane, submitted to three water potentials in the soil, and check the relationship of these variables with the tolerance of plants to prolonged drought. In order to access this objective, an experiment under greenhouse conditions, comprised by a fatorial 3 × 3, in a randomized block design, and four replicates was carried out. After 90 days from treatment imposition, the plant transpiration rate, plant dry mass, concentration of N, P and K were determined in leaves and culms, as well as in total plant shoot were measured. It was found that tolerance to drought in sugar cane is related to higher levels of N and K in the leaves and stems, and larger accumulations of K and P in the plant shoot. There is high positive correlations among accumulation of N, P and K in the plant shoot and dry matter production by plants submitted to drought. There are intermediate correlations among plant transpiration and nutrient uptake by plants under drought. Plants of the genotype SP81-3250 are more tolerante to prolonged drought, than the RB855453 and IACSP95-5000 plants.

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