scholarly journals Serological survey of lentivirus infection in goats and sheep slaughtered in the State of Paraíba, semiarid of Northeastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1651
Author(s):  
Ricardo De Figueiredo Guilherme ◽  
Sérgio Santos Azevedo ◽  
Diego Figueiredo da Costa ◽  
Edisio Oliveira de Azevedo ◽  
Roberto Soares de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Extensive Breeding

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of antibodies against small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) in goats and sheep slaughtered in the state of Paraíba, in the Northeast semiarid region of Brazil. Blood was collected from 500 goats and 500 sheep in slaughterhouses in the municipalities of Alhandra, Guarabira, Esperança, Picuí, Monteiro, Sumé, Patos, Piancó, Catolé do Rocha, and Sousa. The agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test was used for the diagnosis of SRLV infection. Of the 1,000 animals analyzed, 28 (2.8%) were seropositive, with a frequency of 3% (15/500) in goats and 2.6% (13/500) in sheep. It was also observed that no significant difference was present in seropositivity among the different municipalities. The low frequency of seropositive animals can be explained by the fact that most of the sampled animals came from extensive breeding herds consisting of meat production native breeds and crossbred animals.

scholarly journals Diversity of enteric coccidia in pigs from the Paraíba Semiarid Region of Northeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosaneide Gomes de Araújo ◽  
Juliana Trajano da Silva ◽  
Wlysse Ferreira Sarmento ◽  
Samara dos Santos Silva ◽  
Roberto Alves Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Hemorrhagic Enteritis ◽  
Prevalent Species ◽  
Genus Eimeria

Abstract There is great diversity in swine coccidia, which are responsible for causing intestinal disorders ranging from sporadic diarrhea to severe cases of hemorrhagic enteritis. Thus, determining the species of coccidia that affect the animals of a region and associating them with the characteristics of the farms become extremely important. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of coccidia parasites in pigs reared in a family farming production system in the Semiarid Region of the State of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil. Fecal samples for analysis were collected from 187 pigs on 51 farms. For morphological analysis, 1,590 sporulated oocysts were used. The prevalence of oocysts in fecal samples was 56.6% (106/187). The most prevalent species were Eimeria suis (21.9%), followed by Eimeria neodebliecki (16.6%), Eimeria perminuta (14.9%), Eimeria polita (12.8%), Eimeria debliecki (10.6%), Eimeria porci (10.1%), Cystoisospora suis (3.7%), Eimeria scabra (1.6%) and Eimeria cerdonis (0.5%). It can be concluded that pigs from the Semiarid Region of the State of Paraíba were parasitized by a diversity of coccidia species, mainly of the genus Eimeria, and predominantly presented with mixed infections occurring in the subclinical form.

scholarly journals Use of Duddingtonia flagrans in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of feedlot goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 915
Author(s):  
Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela ◽  
Thais Ferreira Feitosa ◽  
Fabio Ribeiro Braga ◽  
Antonielson dos Santos ◽  
Roberto Alves Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alginate Matrix

This study aimed to evaluate the use of a sodium alginate matrix-pelletized formulation of Duddingtonia flagrans for biological control of gastrointestinal nematodiasis in feedlot goats in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil. We used 20 Saanen female goats (age, 4 months; average weight, 12 kg) that did not receive anthelmintic treatment and had counting of eggs per gram of faeces (EPGs) ? 500. The animals were divided into two groups: in group 1 (D. flagrans group), each animal received 3 g of pellets (0.6 g of D. flagrans mycelium) per 10 kg of body weight, twice a week, over 4 months; and in group 2 (control group), each animal received 3 g of pellets without fungus per 10 kg of body weight, twice a week, over 4 months. Each group was maintained in a separate 15-m2 stall. Larval cultures and measurements of weight, EPG, and packed cell volume (PCV) were performed every 15 days. We observed low EPG levels in the D. flagrans group throughout the experimental period, with a significant difference (p < 0.05) on day 30 and from day 60, having, at the end of the experiment, average OPG values of only 150, reduction of 92.3% when compared to control group. Haemonchus sp. was the most prevalent helminth in all larval cultures. The D. flagrans group showed a mean weight gain of 8.8 kg at the end of the experiment (p < 0.05), while the control group showed a mean weight gain of 4.8 kg. The best PCV results (p < 0.05) were also observed in the D. flagrans group from day 30. Thus, the use of D. flagrans pellets in a sodium alginate matrix was effective in controlling gastrointestinal nematodiasis of feedlot goats in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil.

A new species of Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) from the Brazilian semiarid region

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Iracema Bezerra Loiola
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
A New Species

Erythroxylum angelicae, a new species of Erythroxylum sect. Archerythroxylum, is described and illustrated. This species occurs in “Carrasco” vegetation of the state of Ceará, northeastern Brazil. It is recognized by the persistent cataphylls, non-striated, long-triangular, and palleaceous; stipules non-striated, 3-setulose; flowers subsessile, calyx lobes triangular, and styles free. Affinity relationships with other species of Erythroxylum are also presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Serological survey of porcine circovirus 2 antibodies in Northeastern Brazil by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Priscila Rocha Duque ◽  
Antonio Samuel Alves da Silva ◽  
Marconi Rego Barros Júnior ◽  
Andreza Maria Tenório Sergio ◽  
Clara Nilce Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2 ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Antibody Titers

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) specific antibodies were evaluated in pigs at 15 to 25 weeks of age by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay. Serum samples (n = 575) were obtained from 16 commercial farms located in six states of northeastern Brazil, including two in Ceará (n = 85), three in Rio Grande do Norte (n = 92), two in Paraíba (n = 49), three in Pernambuco (n = 107), two in Alagoas (n = 39), and four in Bahia (n = 203). Out of the 575 evaluated sera, 470 (81.74%) were reagents with antibody titers ranging from 20 to 5,120. All farms presented reactive animals. There was a statistically significant difference in reactivity proportions between the states of Bahia and Ceará (p < 0.05) and between Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte (p < 0.05). This study provides the first serological investigation for PCV2 in pigs from commercial farms in Northeastern Brazil.

scholarly journals Subclinical hypomagnesemia: Prevalence and causes in dairy cows in the semiarid region of the state of Paraíba, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cézar da SILVA ◽  
Beatriz Dantas FERNANDES ◽  
Jéssica Monique dos Santos LIMA ◽  
Bismark Alves da SILVA ◽  
Gilderlândio Pinheiro RODRIGUES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
The State ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT In dairy farming, cows display important metabolic changes during the transition period, particularly high-production cows, which need nutrients in greater quantity to meet the required demand. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of subclinical hypomagnesemia in pre- and post-partum dairy cows inserted in milk-production systems in the Sousa microregion and the district of São João do Rio do Peixe, both in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. As such, visits were made every two weeks to 34 rural properties, where the team collected 357 blood samples by venepuncture, 106 from pre-partum lactating cows and 251 from lactating cows in the post-partum period. It was found that the properties supplied three types of mineral supplement: a single supplement of NaCl, a supplement of NaCl + mineral base, and a commercial supplement. The cows receiving the commercial mineral supplement had the highest prevalence (10.53%) of the disorder, even showing a significant difference (P < .05) between the other types of supplement. In relation to reproductive period, it was found that the post-partum cows had a higher prevalence of subclinical hypomagnesemia (9.96%) than did the pre-partem cows (8.49%); there was, however, no significant difference (P > .05) between the two. Studies such as this are fundamental for alerting rural and technical producers to the occurrence of subclinical hypomagnesemia in the region, in addition to the damage caused by metabolic disorders.

scholarly journals Occurrence and risk factors assessment associated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection in chickens in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvio G. de Sá ◽  
José W. Pinheiro Júnior ◽  
Sineide M. de Oliveira Vilela ◽  
Erica P.B.X. Moraes ◽  
Pedro P.F. Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Backyard Poultry

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection and risk factors of this disease in three hundred serum samples from on 23 familiar agricultural properties in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. ELISA was used to study antibodies anti-Mycoplasma gallisepticum. The univariate analysis (chi-squared test or Fischer's exact test) followed by multivariate analysis (logistic regression) were used to assess the risk factors with two variables: management and sanity of the poultry. It was detected a frequence of 53.33% (157/300) of the birds were positive for MG, with 100% foci. The risk factors confirmed by multivariate analysis, in the present study, were the presence of other poultry species on the property, including Numida meleagris (OR=2.22; p=0.005), parrots (OR=1.72; p=0.027), and of passerines (OR=1.88; p=0.007). These results showed that Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection is endemic among backyard poultry in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco. These birds could be a source of infection for other wild or domestic poultry. . This is the first report of the occurrence of avian mycoplasmosis in backyard poultry in the state of Pernambuco in northeastern Brazil. The risk factors identified should serve as a parameter for the health authorities to seek solutions related to controlling the disease.

scholarly journals Equine coital exanthema caused by equid alphaherpesvirus 3: a report of an outbreak in northeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Givaldo B. Silva Filho ◽  
Hisadora A.S.C Bom ◽  
Silvio M.C. Fonseca ◽  
Érica A. Costa ◽  
Beatriz S.A.S. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Northeastern Region

ABSTRACT: Equine coital exanthema is a venereal infectious disease poorly reported in horses in Brazil and was never described in the northeastern region of the country. This work aims to describe the clinical and pathological aspects of an outbreak of equine coital exanthema caused by equid alphaherpesvirus 3, occurred in a herd of horses at the semiarid region of the State of Rio Grande do Norte. Main clinical signs consisted of anorexia, hiporexia, fibrinous or purulent secretion in the penis mucosa and vagina. Two mares presented mild to minimal lesions that consisted of scars in the mucosa of the vagina and in the perivulvar region. In a stallion the disease consisted of severe, multifocal, umbilicated-exanthematous ulcers of approximately 1cm in diameter on the penis mucosa. Other areas where ulcers and crusts were focally observed included the skin of the scrotum and on the lips and mucocutaneous junctions of the oral cavity. Histologically, the main lesion consisted of multifocal severe ulcerative and fibrinous necrotizing balanoposthitis and mild multifocal necrotizing, lymphocytic dermatitis in the lips and scrotum. The equide alphaherpesvirus 3 DNA was amplified in blood samples and penis mucosa using the PCR technique. This is the first report of molecular diagnosis of equine coital exanthema affecting horses in northeastern Brazil. Further studies should be carried out in order to investigate the epidemiology and the importance of this herpetic disease in the country.

scholarly journals Freshwater mollusks from three reservoirs of Piauí, northeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Lourenço da Silva ◽  
Adriana Josefa da Rocha ◽  
Manuella Feitosa Leal ◽  
Orianna dos Santos ◽  
João Hemerson de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Melanoides Tuberculata ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Freshwater Mollusks ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Abstract: The pronounced dry season determines the characteristics of the semiarid region of Brazil. Numerous small reservoirs are built to overcome this condition, accumulating multiple uses and causing important changes in the landscape and the local biota. Considering the limited amount of information about the malacofauna of reservoirs, mainly in the Northeast region of the country, this inventory provides a list of mollusks from three important reservoirs located in the city of São Julião, state of Piauí. The collections were carried out monthly between May/2017 and April/2018, sampling a total of 11,149 mollusks, corresponding to the species Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774) (n = 9,724), Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848) (n = 1,361) and Pomacea lineata (Spix, 1827) (n = 64). The richness of mollusks from the three reservoirs was low, similar to those described in studies conducted in other regions of Northeast Brazil. There was a significant difference in the abundance of M. tuberculata and B. straminea among the studied reservoirs. These environments are not connected and are installed in urban and rural areas, presenting different ecological conditions. The relationship between the human population and the reservoirs, associated with the lack of sanitation, increases the risks of spreading waterborne diseases besides the development of environmental imbalance by the introduction of exotic species.

Real Ear Sound Pressure Levels Developed by Three Portable Stereo System Earphones

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail L. MacLean ◽  
Andrew Stuart ◽  
Robert Stenstrom
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Test System ◽  
Output Frequency ◽  
Frequency Effects ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Frequency Responses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels

Differences in real ear sound pressure levels (SPLs) with three portable stereo system (PSS) earphones (supraaural [Sony Model MDR-44], semiaural [Sony Model MDR-A15L], and insert [Sony Model MDR-E225]) were investigated. Twelve adult men served as subjects. Frequency response, high frequency average (HFA) output, peak output, peak output frequency, and overall RMS output for each PSS earphone were obtained with a probe tube microphone system (Fonix 6500 Hearing Aid Test System). Results indicated a significant difference in mean RMS outputs with nonsignificant differences in mean HFA outputs, peak outputs, and peak output frequencies among PSS earphones. Differences in mean overall RMS outputs were attributed to differences in low-frequency effects that were observed among the frequency responses of the three PSS earphones. It is suggested that one cannot assume equivalent real ear SPLs, with equivalent inputs, among different styles of PSS earphones.

A Synopsis of Dicliptera (Acanthaceae) in Brazil, with the Description of Two New Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
James Lucas da Costa-Lima ◽  
Earl Celestino de Oliveira Chagas
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The North ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
A New Species

Abstract—A synopsis of Dicliptera (Acanthaceae) for Brazil is presented. Six species are recognized: Dicliptera ciliaris, D. sexangularis, and D. squarrosa, widely distributed in South America; D. purpurascens, which ranges from the North Region of Brazil (in the state of Acre) to eastern Bolivia; D. gracilirama, a new species from the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil; and D. granchaquenha, a new species recorded in dry and semideciduous forests in Bolivia and western Brazil, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Furthermore, we propose new synonyms and designate lectotypes for eleven names. An identification key to the six accepted Dicliptera species in Brazil is provided.

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