scholarly journals Peak Voluntary Cough Flow and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia as Risk Factors for Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 431-439
Author(s):  
Jayoon Choi ◽  
Sora Baek ◽  
Gowun Kim ◽  
Hee-won Park
Keyword(s):  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Voluntary Cough ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Examination

Objective To investigate the relationship between voluntary peak cough flow (PCF), oropharyngeal dysphagia, and pneumonia in patients who were evaluated with videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS).Methods Patients who underwent both VFSS and PCF measurement on the same day were enrolled retrospectively (n=821). Pneumonia (n=138) and control (n=683) groups were assigned based on presence of pneumonia within 1 month from the date of VFSS assessment. In addition, sex, age (<65 and ≥65 years), preceding conditions, modified Barthel Index (MBI), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), PCF value (<160, ≥160 and <270, and ≥270 L/min), and presence of aspiration/penetration on VFSS were reviewed.Results Pneumonia group was more likely to be male (n=108; 78.3%), ≥65 years (n=121; 87.7%), with neurodegenerative (n=25; 18.1%) or other miscellaneous diseases (n=50; 36.2%), and in poor functional level with lower value of MBI (39.1±26.59). However, MMSE was not significantly different in comparison to that of the control group. The pneumonia group was also more likely to have dysphagia (82.6%) and lower value of PCF (<160 L/min, 70.3%). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, male sex (odd ratio [OR]=6.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.70–16.26), other miscellaneous diseases as preceding conditions (OR=2.52; 95% CI, 1.14–5.58), dysphagia (OR=3.82; 95% CI, 1.42–10.23), and PCF <160 L/min (OR=14.34; 95% CI, 1.84–111.60) were factors significantly related with pneumonia.Conclusion Impaired swallowing and coughing function showed an independent association with the development of pneumonia. Patients with PCF <160 L/min require more attention with lung care and should be encouraged with voluntary coughing strategy to prevent possible pulmonary complications.

The relationship between BMI, leptin, leptin receptors (LepR) and Foxp3+ Tregs cells in women with asthma

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-284
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kraszula ◽  
Makandjou-Ola Eusebio ◽  
Anna Jasińska ◽  
Maciej Kupczyk ◽  
Piotr Kuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soluble Receptor ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
Global Initiative For Asthma ◽  
Moderate Disease ◽  
Global Initiative ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was evaluation whether there is an association between BMI, leptin and its soluble receptor, the expression of FoxP3 in CD4+ pTreg in women with severe asthma. Materials and methods. The study included thirty women with asthma: 17 patients with severe and 13 with mild-moderate disease. The control group comprised of 25 healthy women. Asthma was diagnosed in accordance with the Global Initiative For Asthma guidelines (GINA 2014). The phenotype of CD4+CD25highCD127lowFoxp3+CD152+ cells was evaluated by multicolor flow cytometry. The concentration of leptin and its soluble receptor were determined using an immunoenzymatic method (ELISA). Results. It has been shown significantly increased leptin concentration in the group of women with severe asthma compared with mild-moderate asthma and control group (p <0.05). The concentration of the leptin receptor significantly increased (p <0.05) in women with severe asthma compared with control group. There were no differences in percentage of CD4+FoxP3+ and CD4+CD25highCD127low- FoxP3+CD152+ subsets after leptin stimulation in all tested groups. Conclusions. Our results don’t confirm the direct effect of leptin on the CD4+ pTreg cells and the expression of FoxP3 in these cells, in tested groups.

scholarly journals Echocardiographic evaluation of ventricular septal defect haemodynamics

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 541-546
Author(s):  
Vesna Miranovic
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is an opening in the interventricular septum. 30-50% of patients with congenital heart disease have VSD. Objective The aim of the study was to determine the dependence of the left ventricular diastolic dimension (LVD), left ventricular systolic dimension (LVS), shortening fraction (SF), left atrium (LA), pulmonary artery truncus (TPA) on the body surface and compare their values among experimental, control and a group of healthy children. Values of maximal systolic gradient pressure (Pvsd) of VSD were compared with children from one experimental and control group. Method Children were divided into three groups: experimental (32 children with VSD that were to go to surgery), control (20 children with VSD who did not require surgery) and 40 healthy children. Measurements of LVD, LVS, SF, LA, TPA were performed in accordance to recommendations of the American Echocardiographic Association. The value of Pvsd was calculated from the maximal flow velocity (V) in VSD using the following formula: Pvsd=4xV? (mm Hg). Results For children from the experimental group, the relationship between the body surface and the variability of the LVD was explained with 56.85%, LVS with 66.15%, SF with 4.9%, TPA with 58.92%. For children from the control group, the relationship between the body surface and the variability of LVD was explained with 88.8%, LVS with 72.5%, SF with 0.42%, PA with 58.92%. For healthy children, the relationship between the body surface and the variabilitiy of the LVD was explained with 88.8%, LVS with 88.78%, SF with 5.25% and PA with 84.75%. There was a significant statistical difference between average values of Pvsd in the experimental and control group (p<0.02). Conclusion The presence of the large VSD has an influence on the enlargement of LVD, LVS, SF, TPA. The enlargement of the size of the pulmonary artery depends on the presence of VSD and there is a direct variation in the magnitude of the shunt. There is a relationship and significant dependence of the LVS and LVD on the body surface. There is no statistically significant dependence between SF and body surface.

scholarly journals Mingle Model for Increasing Productive Language Skills and Relationship with Student’s Personality Based on Jung Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-51
Author(s):  
Suci Ramadhanti Febriani ◽  
Wildana Wargadinata ◽  
Syuhadak Syuhadak
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carl Gustav Jung ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to find the effect of the implemetation of the Mingle Model on productive language skills and the relationship to the personality based on Carl Gustav Jung Theory in Arabic learning at MTsN Batu City, East Java. This research used a quantitative approach by combining the experimental and correlation methods, it was applying the Mingle Model to improve students' productive skills (speaking and writing) which have been divided into two groups; the Experiment and Control group and connected using the correlation method to extroverted and introverted students based on the theory of Carl Gustav Jung. Data collection through questionnaires, tests, and documentation. The results showed that there was a significant relationship to students' productive skills after applying the Mingle Model and there were no significant differences between extroverted and introverted students. This research recommend that the Mingle Model can be applied to improve students' productive skills. This study recommends further research to utilise more varied research methods with more diverse variables.

scholarly journals A way to more effective education

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Koraljka Modić Stanke ◽  
Valentina Ružić ◽  
Aleksandra Mindoljević Drakulić
Keyword(s):  
Service Learning ◽  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Voluntary Service ◽  
Educational Efficiency ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

To become a teacher one must possess a minimum of pedagogical competences, obtained by the completion of pedagogical-psychological-didactic-methodical education. It is assumed that it will be followed by professional growth in the foreseeable future – but that does not necessarily happen. One way to provide a better head start for prospective teachers and their future students is to implement a service-learning (S-L) – a pedagogical approach that combines academic coursework with voluntary service in the community. The aim of this study is to determine the initial interest of students for engaging in service-learning within compulsory courses of pedagogical-psychological-didactic-methodical education and to investigate the relationship between the level of service-learning information and the reported interest in service-learning. Participants were 42 graduate students, divided into two groups – experimental (attended a lecture on service-learning between measurements) and control group (no intervention between two measurements). Results demonstrate high(est) interest for service learning within the course Psychology of Education. Prospective teachers that attended the lecture on service-learning became more interested in it. Most of the students think that engaging in service-learning would lead to higher motivation and better knowledge of the course. These findings should encourage teachers and policy-makers to consider the implementation of S-L in educational institutions in order to improve educational efficiency on all levels of the educational system.

Plasma kisspeptin and ghrelin levels in puberty variant cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdal Kurnaz ◽  
Yaşar Şen ◽  
Süleyman Aydın
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Premature Thelarche ◽  
Premature Adrenarche ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground:The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of kisspeptin and ghrelin (GAH), as well as the relationship of these two peptides with each other in premature thelarche (PT) and premature adrenarche (PA) cases and to investigate the possibility of using these peptides as markers in the differentiation of puberty disorders.Methods:A PT group aged 1–8 years (n = 40), a PA group aged 1–9 years (n = 23, female/male = 20/3) and control groups consistent with each of the previous groups in terms of age and gender were created for the study. Kisspeptin and ghrelin levels were measured with ELISA methods from blood samples drawn while fasting in the morning.Results:When the PT group was compared with the controls, the plasma kisspeptin levels of the cases were significantly higher than the control group (165.47 ± 15.45 pmol/L, 96.82 ± 12.33 pmol/L, p = 0.005, respectively). Kisspeptin levels in the PA group did not show a difference with the control group (121.36 ± 17.99 pmol/L, 95.52 ± 11.54 pmol/L, p = 0.249, respectively). No significant difference could be found when GAH levels in the PT and PA groups were compared with controls. No significant correlation was found between kisspeptin and GAH levels in the PT and PA groups.Conclusions:Our results indicate that kisspeptin plays an important role in the PT, but GAH is not associated with puberty disorders.

scholarly journals Evaluation of TP-E Interval and TP-E/QT Ratio in Panic Disorder

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulmecit Afsin ◽  
Ramazan Asoğlu ◽  
Mehmet Hamdi Orum ◽  
Elvan Cicekci
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Ventricular Repolarization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Panic Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Qt Intervals ◽  
Qrs Duration ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Objectives: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is involved in panic disorders. ANS dysfunction has been shown to be associated with ventricular arrhythmia and increased heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization. However, there remains limited evidence of the relationship between panic disorders and ventricular depolarization markers, including the Tp-e interval and Tp-e/QT ratio. This study aimed to evaluate ventricular repolarization parameters in patients with panic disorder. Materials and Methods: In total, 40 patients with panic disorder, diagnosed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria, were included in the study group. The control group comprised of 50 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. A standard 12 lead electrocardiogram was recorded on all participants, and heart rate, QT interval, QRS duration, Tp-e interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio were measured. Results: QRS durations and QT intervals were similar in the study and control groups. Compared to the control group, QTd, Tp-e, and cTp-e intervals as well as Tp-e/QT and Tp-e/QTc ratios were significantly increased in patients with panic disorder (p < 0.05 for all). In the study group, the Severity Measure for Panic Disorder—Adult score had a significant positive correlation with the Tp-e interval (r = 0.369, p < 0001), cTp-e interval (r = 0.531, p < 0.001), Tp-e/QT ratio (r = 0.358, p = 0.001), and Tp-e/QTc ratio (r = 0.351, p = 0.001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that panic disorders are associated with increased ventricular repolarization heterogeneity, which may be attributed to ANS dysregulation.

scholarly journals Effect of inguinal hernia on the thickness and blood flow of spermatic cord in boys

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. e000030
Author(s):  
Shoujiang Huang ◽  
Canping Li ◽  
Xiuzhen Yang ◽  
Jianfeng Liang ◽  
Dongpi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Spermatic Cord ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pampiniform Plexus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of inguinal hernia (IH) on the spermatic cord using spermatic cord ultrasonography (SCU).MethodsFrom January 2016 to January 2017, boys with IH who received SCU at the start of open herniorrhaphy (OH) were enrolled in this study. The age and weight at SCU, width of the spermatic cord (SC-W), peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the spermatic artery (SA-PSV) and velocity in the pampiniform plexus (PP-V), and the interval between the initial and the second OH in boys with metachronous inguinal hernia (MIH) were recorded, and the relationship among them was studied. Boys with unilateral IH comprised the IH group, and boys with MIH comprised the MIH group. Boys with polydactylism served as the control. One-way analysis of variance tested the differences among groups. Spearman’s r tested the relationship between SC-W in the MIH group and the interval.ResultsA total of 80 boys were enrolled in this study (IH group 29, MIH group 26, and control group 25). SA-PSV and PP-V in the hernia side were faster and slower than the control, respectively. There was no significant difference in PP-V and SA-PSV of the treated side in the MIH group and in the control group. After herniorrhaphy, SC-W was tapered down to normal size. SC-W, SA-PSV, and PP-V in the treated side were all highly correlated to the interval in a curvilinear manner.ConclusionPSV was positively correlated with SC-W in boys with IH, and PP-V was negatively correlated; herniorrhaphy could reverse the impairment.

scholarly journals Exposure to Chinese Famine in Fetal Life and the Risk of Dysglycemiain Adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2210
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Chao Song ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Weiyan Gong ◽  
Yanning Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Famine Exposure ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Undernutrition in early life may have a long consequence of type 2 diabetes in adulthood. The current study was aimed to explore the association between famine exposure in fetal life during China’s Great Famine (1959–1961) and dysglycemia in adulthood. The cross-sectional data from 7830 adults from the 2010–2012 China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance was utilized. Participants who were born between 1960 and 1961 were selected as the exposed group, while the participants who were born in 1963 were selected as the unexposed group. Logistic regression was utilized to examine the relationship between fetal famine exposure and dysglycemia in adulthood. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the exposed and control group was 6.4% and 5.1%, respectively, and the risk of type 2 diabetes in the exposed group was 1.23 times higher than that of the control group (95%CI, 1.01–1.50; P = 0.042) in adulthood, and 1.40 times in the severely affected area (95%CI, 1.11–1.76; P = 0.004). The fasting plasma glucose of the exposed group was higher than that of the control group, which was only found in the severely affected area (P = 0.014) and females (P = 0.037). The association between famine and impaired fasting glucose was observed only in females (OR 1.31, 95%CI, 1.01–1.70; P = 0.040). Our results suggested that fetal exposure to Chinese famine increased the risk of dysglycemia in adulthood. This association was stronger in the severely affected area and females.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA 4977 bp Deletion in Chronic Cervicitis and Cervix Cancers

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kara ◽  
A Tatar ◽  
B Borekci ◽  
F Dagli ◽  
S Oztas
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Cervix Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mtdna Mutations ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chronic Cervicitis

Mitochondrial DNA 4977 bp Deletion in Chronic Cervicitis and Cervix CancersMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations have been implied in many diseases including cancer and inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the 4977 bp deletion of the mtDNA and chronic cervicitis or cervix cancer in patients. The study included a group of patients with chronic cervicitis or cervix cancer, and a control group consisting of individuals without any cervical tissue disease. A total of 72 subjects in an East Turkish population were included in the study. Of these, 35 had chronic cervicitis, 21 had cervix cancer and 16 served as the control group. Isolation of mtDNA was performed from the tissues of these patients and then mtDNA deletions were studied using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In the cancer groups, there were 9.5% heteroplasmic and homoplasmic deletions. There were no homoplasmic deletions in the cervicitis and control groups, but the frequencies of heteroplasmic deletions were 80.0 and 31.2%, respectively. Chronic inflammation leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be the cause of the high mtDNA 4977 bp deletion frequencies in cancer and cervicitis. The older age of the cancer patient may suggest that ageing in addition to long time exposure to ROS may lead to deletions and subsequently cancer. This is the first study to investigate the relationship of the mtDNA 4977 bp deletion to chronic cervicitis and cervix cancer.

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