Ямаан арц (Juniperus sibirica Burgsd.)-ны мутагений үйлчлэлийг дарангуйлах идэвхийн судалгаа

This study evaluated the antimutagenic and cytotoxic effects of some plants growing in Mongolia and plants were selected on the basis of their traditional use in various diseases. Over the past years numbers of cancer incidences are increasing in Mongolia. There are accounted several reasons, in particular the use of less guaranteed imported food, heavy air pollution, environmental contamination and low life quality of the population. Therefore, we attempted to search antimutagenic activity among plants from the Mongolian flora and possibility of their use for preventing and treating cancer cases. The study might promote the way to fight with cancer, if we can find antimutagenic active compounds from natural crude drugs, including medicinal plants.We have examined the antimutagenic and cytotoxic effects of 20 samples, which prepared from different parts of 10 plants species. The antimutagenic and cytotoxic tests were performed as described by Ames. The bacteria used in the test are a strain of Salmonella typhimurium TA1537, and using 9-aminoacridine as direct mutagen.From the 20 plant extracts studied, extracts of Achnatherum splendens Trin. (aerial parts), Cynoglossum divaricatum Steph. (roots, stems), Juniperus sibirica Burgsd. (leaf, stem) strongly inhibited mutagenicity of 9-aminoacridine and their inhibition activity was 49.7%, 41.5%, 61.5%, 40% and 43% respectively. All plant extracts have not any cytotoxic effect on Salmonella typhimurium TA1537.From the high active plants Juniperus sibirica Burgsd. (aerial parts) which was selected for further detailed study 3 pure active compounds as JS-1, JS-2 and JS-3 were isolated. The compound JS-3 showed the high (55%) antimutagenic activity and its molecular structure was determined as cetyl alcohol or hexadecanol-1 according to its physical and chemical characteristics as well as 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopy analysis.We have revealed that the availability of plants possessing antimutagenic activity among the Mongolian flora. Consequently, it is needed further detailed study of active plants, isolation and identification of active pure compounds, as well as possible application of the active plant products in the medicinal practice.

Download Full-text

Rosmarinic Acid and Its Methyl Ester as Antimicrobial Components of the Hydromethanolic Extract ofHyptis atrorubensPoit. (Lamiaceae)

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/604536 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Amin Abedini ◽

Vincent Roumy ◽

Séverine Mahieux ◽

Murielle Biabiany ◽

Annie Standaert-Vitse ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rosmarinic Acid ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Different Temperatures

Primary biological examination of four extracts of the leaves and stems ofHyptis atrorubensPoit. (Lamiaceae), a plant species used as an antimicrobial agent in Guadeloupe, allowed us to select the hydromethanolic extract of the stems for further studies. It was tested against 46 microorganismsin vitro. It was active against 29 microorganisms. The best antibacterial activity was found against bacteria, mostly Gram-positive ones. Bioautography enabled the isolation and identification of four antibacterial compounds from this plant: rosmarinic acid, methyl rosmarinate, isoquercetin, and hyperoside. The MIC and MBC values of these compounds and their combinations were determined against eight pathogenic bacteria. The best inhibitory and bactericidal activity was found for methyl rosmarinate (0.3 mg/mL). Nevertheless, the bactericidal power of rosmarinic acid was much faster in the time kill study. Synergistic effects were found when combining the active compounds. Finally, the inhibitory effects of the compounds were evaluated on the bacterial growth phases at two different temperatures. Our study demonstrated for the first time antimicrobial activity ofHyptis atrorubenswith identification of the active compounds. It supports its traditional use in French West Indies. Although its active compounds need to be further evaluatedin vivo, this work emphasizes plants as potent sources of new antimicrobial agents when resistance to antibiotics increases dramatically.

Download Full-text

Modern bioautography – a fast analytical tool to discover active compounds in plant extracts used for cosmetics

10.1055/s-0037-1608268 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

M Oberle ◽

J Engemann ◽

I Klingelhöfer ◽

G Morlock

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Analytical Tool ◽

Active Compounds

Download Full-text

Chemical Constituents from Chloranthus elatior and Their Inhibitory Effect on Human Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/a-1449-2642 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qian Yang ◽

An Jia ◽

Xizi Liu ◽

Shiyi Han ◽

Siyang Fan

Keyword(s):

Circular Dichroism ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Mass Spectrometric ◽

Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Electronic Circular Dichroism ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Circular Dichroïsm

AbstractA new sesquiterpene, chlorantholide G (1), a new sesquiterpene dimer, elatiolactone (2), and 2 new diterpenes, elatiorlabdane B (3) and elatiorlabdane C (4), together with 51 known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of Chloranthus elatior. The new structures including their absolute configurations were mainly established by mass spectrometric, NMR, and electronic circular dichroism experiments. All isolated compounds were tested for their anti-hDHODH activity. (4S,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-isopropyl-3-methylcyclohex-2-enone (5) and (4S,5R,9S,10R)-8(17),12,14-labdatrien-18-oic acid (29) were the most active compounds with IC50 values of 18.7 and 30.7 µM, respectively.

Download Full-text

Peppers: A “Hot” Natural Source for Antitumor Compounds

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26061521 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 1521

Author(s):

Micael Rodrigues Cunha ◽

Maurício Temotheo Tavares ◽

Thais Batista Fernandes ◽

Roberto Parise-Filho

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Cellular Responses ◽

Biological Applications ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Antiproliferative Effects ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Antitumor Compounds ◽

Tumorigenic Cells ◽

Ancient Civilizations

Piper, Capsicum, and Pimenta are the main genera of peppers consumed worldwide. The traditional use of peppers by either ancient civilizations or modern societies has raised interest in their biological applications, including cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects. Cellular responses upon treatment with isolated pepper-derived compounds involve mechanisms of cell death, especially through proapoptotic stimuli in tumorigenic cells. In this review, we highlight naturally occurring secondary metabolites of peppers with cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines. Available mechanisms of cell death, as well as the development of analogues, are also discussed.

Download Full-text

Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Iris Species Growing in Iraqi Kurdistan and Phenolic Constituents of the Traditional Plant Iris postii

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26020264 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 264

Author(s):

Hawraz Ibrahim M. Amin ◽

Faiq H. S. Hussain ◽

Soran K. Najmaldin ◽

Zaw Min Thu ◽

Mohammed Farhad Ibrahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Chromatographic Separations ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Traditional Remedies ◽

Phenolic Constituents ◽

Total Antioxidant

A dozen Iris species (Iridaceae) are considered traditional remedies in Kurdistan, especially for treating inflammations. Phytochemical studies are still scarce. The information reported in the literature about Iris species growing in Kurdistan has been summarized in the first part of this paper, although, except for Iris persica, investigations have been performed on vegetal samples collected in countries different from Kurdistan. In the second part of the work, we have investigated, for the first time, the contents of the methanolic extracts of Iris postii aerial parts and rhizomes that were collected in Kurdistan. Both extracts exhibited a significant dose-dependent free radical scavenging and total antioxidant activities, comparable to those of ascorbic acid. Medium-pressure liquid chromatographic separations of the two extracts afforded l-tryptophan, androsin, isovitexin, swertisin, and 2″-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl swertisin from the aerial parts, whereas ε-viniferin, trans-resveratrol 3,4′-O-di-β-d-glucopyranoside, and isotectorigenin were isolated from the rhizomes. This is the first finding of the last three metabolites from an Iris species. The various remarkable biological activities of isolated compounds scientifically sustain the traditional use of I. postii as a medicinal plant.

Download Full-text

Correction to: Characterization, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of some Egyptian wild plant extracts

Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43088-021-00111-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Thoria A. Diab ◽

Thoria Donia ◽

Khalil M. Saad-Allah

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Wild Plant ◽

Cytotoxic Effects

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Download Full-text

Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Meat: Formation, Isolation, Risk Assessment and Inhibitory Effect of Plant Extracts

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10071466 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1466

Author(s):

Hafiz Rehan Nadeem ◽

Saeed Akhtar ◽

Tariq Ismail ◽

Piero Sestili ◽

Jose Manuel Lorenzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Aromatic Amines ◽

Extraction Procedure ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Heating Time ◽

Raw Material ◽

Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Cooked Meats

Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are potent carcinogenic compounds induced by the Maillard reaction in well-done cooked meats. Free amino acids, protein, creatinine, reducing sugars and nucleosides are major precursors involved in the production of polar and non-polar HAAs. The variety and yield of HAAs are linked with various factors such as meat type, heating time and temperature, cooking method and equipment, fresh meat storage time, raw material and additives, precursor’s presence, water activity, and pH level. For the isolation and identification of HAAs, advanced chromatography and spectroscopy techniques have been employed. These potent mutagens are the etiology of several types of human cancers at the ng/g level and are 100- to 2000-fold stronger than that of aflatoxins and benzopyrene, respectively. This review summarizes previous studies on the formation and types of potent mutagenic and/or carcinogenic HAAs in cooked meats. Furthermore, occurrence, risk assessment, and factors affecting HAA formation are discussed in detail. Additionally, sample extraction procedure and quantification techniques to determine these compounds are analyzed and described. Finally, an overview is presented on the promising strategy to mitigate the risk of HAAs by natural compounds and the effect of plant extracts containing antioxidants to reduce or inhibit the formation of these carcinogenic substances in cooked meats.

Download Full-text

Chemical Analysis by LC-MS of Cannabis sativa Root Samples from Northeast Brazil and Evaluation of Antitussive and Expectorant Activities

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/a-1628-2299 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Pedro Modesto Nascimento Menezes ◽

Emanuella Chiara Valença Pereira ◽

Kátia Simoni Bezerra Lima ◽

Bismarques Augusto Oliveira da Silva ◽

Mariana Coelho Brito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Phenol Red ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Medicinal Use ◽

Pharmacological Test ◽

Experimental Protocols ◽

Brazilian Northeast ◽

Future Therapy

Abstract Cannabis sativa is a millenary medicinal plant. However, contrary to worldwide paradigm-shifting, countries like Brazil still prohibit C. sativa cultivation and its medicinal use, even though many populations use aerial parts and roots of this plant for healthcare. As such, the objective of this work was to identify substances in the samples of the C. sativa roots, tracing a correlation with antitussive and expectorant effects. Therefore, samples of C. sativa roots were donated by the Polícia Federal Brasileira, and its aqueous extract (AECsR) was prepared with subsequent lyophilization, to maintain the material stability. After that, the material was analyzed by LC-MS to observe its chemical profile. Four samples (AECsR-A, B, C, and D) were tested in animal models of citric acid-induced cough (0.4 M) and phenol red expectoration (500 mg/kg). Using LC-MS it was possible to identify 5 molecules in C. sativa roots: p-coumaroyltyramine, tetrahydrocannabinol-C4, feruoiltyramine, anhydrocanabisativine, and cannabisativine. In experimental protocols, male mice (Mus musculus) were treated with samples of AECsR at doses of 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg regardless of the pharmacological test. In these tests, all samples showed the potential to treat cough and promote fluid expectoration, differing only in the dose at which these effects were observed. Therefore, the data showed that the C. sativa roots of the Brazilian Northeast showed antitussive and expectorant effects, even with intense secondary metabolitesʼ variation, which alters its potency, but not its effect. This highlights the importance of this medicinal plant for future therapy and corroborates to traditional use.

Download Full-text

In vitro susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to protolichesterinic acid from the lichen Cetraria islandica.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.41.1.215 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 215-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

K Ingolfsdottir ◽

M A Hjalmarsdottir ◽

A Sigurdsson ◽

G A Gudjonsdottir ◽

A Brynjolfsdottir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Duodenal Ulcer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Active Component ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Salt Form ◽

Traditional Use ◽

In Vitro Susceptibility

With reference to the traditional use of Cetraria islandica (Iceland moss) for relief of gastric and duodenal ulcer, plant extracts were screened for in vitro activity against Helicobacter pylori. (+)-Protolichesterinic acid, an aliphatic alpha-methylene-gamma-lactone, was identified as an active component. The MIC range of protolichesterinic acid, in free as well as salt form, was 16 to 64 micrograms/ml.

Download Full-text

NEW FLAVONOIDS FROM THE AERIAL PARTS OF POLYGONUM EQUISETIFORME SM (POLYGONACEAE)

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i2.15593 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 166 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sayed A. El-toumy ◽

Joslin Y. Salib ◽

Nabila H. Shafik ◽

Asmaa S. Abd Elkarim ◽

Gihan A. Mick

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: The current study was to deal the isolation and identification of secondary metabolites from Polygonum equisetiforme and evaluation of antioxidant activity of its extract.Methods: The methanol-water extract (7:3) of the air-dried aerial parts of Polygonum equisetiforme was fractionated and separated to obtain the isolated compounds by different chromatographic techniques. Structures of these compounds were elucidated by UV and 1D⁄2D H⁄ C NMR spectroscopy and compared with the literature data. The crude extract was evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity using the 2,2 diphenyl dipicryl hydrazine (DPPH) method.Results: Ten secondary metabolites were isolated from Polygonum equisetiforme in this study. Of which three new flavonoids named as 3,5,7,2’,5’ pentahydroxyflavone 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside (1), 3,5,7,2’,5’ pentahydroxyflavone 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside 8 C-sulphated (2) and quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucucorinde 6''-methyl ester 8-sulphated (3) as well as quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucucorinde methyl ester (4), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), quercetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), quercetin(7), myricetin (8), P-methoxy gallic acid methyl ester (9) and gallic acid (10). The antioxidant potential of P. equisetiforme extract was evaluated by investigating it's total phenolic and flavonoid content and DPPH radical scavenging activity whereby the extract showed significant antioxidant activity (IC50 = 37.45 μg/ml). The total phenolic and flavonoid content was found to be 130.79±5.502 and 45.8±1.63 μg/ml, respectively.Conclusion: Polygonum equisetiforme is a promising medicinal plant, and our study tends to support the therapeutic value of this plant as an antioxidant drug.

Download Full-text