NATIONAL HOUSING PROGRAM OF THE MAIN STRATEGIC AND PROGRAM DOCUMENT FOR THE CURRENT STATE RESIDENTIAL POLICY OF THE STATE

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Anna Gołębiowska ◽  
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Open Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
The Government

Launched in April 2016, the Family 500 Plus program significantly reduces the scale of poverty in large families, contributes to the growth of consumption and perhaps also to the increase in fertility in Poland. The second key program of social family policy in Poland launched in December 2016 is the Flat Plus program. This program, through the improvement of the housing situation, should fulfill important functions of housing policy in the scope of reducing the social stratification of families in Poland. The main objective of the Flat Plus program is to significantly increase the availability of flats, especially low-cost rental apartments, with the option of purchasing property after 20-30 years of use. The consequence of developing this program on a larger scale in the coming years will be offering such housing primarily for families who have not been able to rent and buy flats on the open market due to low incomes and lack of creditworthiness. If the plan adopted by the government to develop the Flat Plus program in the coming years will be implemented by 2030, the level of housing availability for citizens in Poland will reach a level close to the average in the European Union.

THE NATIONAL HOUSING PROGRAM AS A MAIN NORMATIVE DOCUMENT DEFINING THE AMENDED STATE HOUSING POLICY

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Anna Gołębiowska ◽  
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Keyword(s):  
Housing Policy ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Housing Situation ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
The Government ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
National Housing

At the end of 2016, the Polish government began to implement its Program “Mieszkanie Plus” by publishing the elaborated strategic and program document called the National Housing Program. The “Mieszkanie Plus: program, should fulfill important functions of the housing policy and improve the housing situation in terms of reducing the social stratification of families in Poland. The main objective of the “Mieszkanie Plus” program is to increase significantly the availability of housing, especially cheap rented flats, with the option to purchase property after 20-30 years of use. Considering the housing situation in Poland, one of the main goals of the housing policy that is currently underway is to create conditions for the effective development of the low-cost housing sector to improve the standards of housing availability in Poland in the next medium-term segment and in the segment of the lower middle class. Therefore, the housing policy in the National Housing Program was defined with an indication of the housing needs of citizens and adaptation of domestic housing standards in Poland to the statistical average situation in this respect in the European Union. The “Mieszkanie Plus” program was finalized in a document called the National Housing Program. In the this program the housing policy of the state was defined and adopted for the purpose of implementation in September 2016 by the government in Poland.

scholarly journals Social Aspects of Tourism Policy in the European Union. The Example of Poland and Slovakia

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Panasiuk ◽  
Ewa Wszendybył-Skulska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Tourism Policy ◽  
Tourism Economy ◽  
Sectoral Policy

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the European Union tourism policy has been increasingly focused on initiatives in the field of social tourism, which are one of the ways of achieving sustainable development in the European tourism economy. Most of the research projects that have so far been conducted in the field have focused on the benefits for its participants (subjective one: Children and youths, seniors, disabled people, people (families) with low incomes and/or unemployed, big families). However, there is a lack of research on the analysis of the place of social aspects of tourism in the general socio-economic policy of the state and, in a detailed aspect, in the sectoral policy represented by tourism policy, as well as its potential impact on the development of the national economy and meeting tourism needs of the society. The authors tried to fill this research gap in this study. The aim of the study is to differentiate the issues related to the social aspects of tourism policy from the entire socio-economic policy pursued in the European Union and selected member states (Poland and Slovakia). The article is of a theoretical–analytical–conceptual nature. Empirical research, due to the nature of its issues, was conducted with the use of qualitative research methods. The results of the conducted research showed that activities in the field of social tourism policy are conditioned by organizational solutions for the entities that undertake them, as well as economic ones, especially in the field of financing. Moreover, they made it possible to propose the concept of a model social tourism policy with an indication of its place in the European policy on the basis of the past and future EU financial perspectives.

scholarly journals Housing Programs for the Poor in Addis Ababa: Urban Commons as a Bridge between Spatial and Social

2021 ◽  
pp. 009614422198997
Author(s):  
Marianna Charitonidou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Government

The article presents the reasons for which the issue of providing housing to low-income citizens has been a real challenge in Addis Ababa during the recent years and will continue to be, given that its population is growing extremely fast. It examines the tensions between the universal aspirations and the local realities in the case of some of Ethiopia’s most ambitious mass pro-poor housing schemes, such as the “Addis Ababa Grand Housing Program” (AAGHP), which was launched in 2004 and was integrated in the “Integrated Housing Development Program” (IHDP) in 2006. The article argues that the quotidian practices of communities and their socio-economic and cultural characteristics are related to the spatial attributes of co-housing practices. Drawing upon the idea that there is a mutual correspondence between social and spatial structures, it places particular emphasis on the analysis of the IHDP and aims to show that to shape strategies that take into account the social and cultural aspects of daily life of the poor citizens of Addis Ababa, it is pivotal to invite them to take part in the decision-making processes regarding their resettlement. Departing from the fact that a large percentage of the housing supply in Addis Ababa consists of informal unplanned housing, the article also compares the commoning practices in kebele houses and condominium units. The former refers to the legal informal housing units owned by the government and rented to their dwellers, whereas the latter concerns the housing blocks built in the framework of the IHDP for the resettlement of the kebele dwellers. The article analyzes these processes of resettlement, shedding light of the fact that kebele houses were located at the inner city, whereas the condominiums are located in the suburbs. Despite the fact that the living conditions in the condominium units are of a much higher quality than those in the kebele houses, their design underestimated or even neglected the role of the commoning practices. The article highlights the advantages of commoning practices in architecture and urban planning, and how the implementation of participation-oriented solutions can respond to the difficulties of providing housing. It argues that understanding the significance of the endeavors that take into account the opinions of dwellers during the phase of decision-making goes hand in hand with considering commoning practices as a source of architecture and urban planning frameworks for low-cost housing in this specific context. The key argument of the article is that urban planning and architecture solutions in Addis Ababa should be based on the principles of the so-called “negotiated planning” approach, which implies a close analysis of the interconnections between planning, infrastructure, and land.

scholarly journals Społeczne budownictwo czynszowe jako usługa w ogólnym interesie gospodarczym

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-119
Author(s):  
Jędrzej Bujny ◽  
Mikołaj Maśliński
Keyword(s):  
Social Housing ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
State Aid ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Commission Decision ◽  
The Social ◽  
Competition Rules ◽  
General Economic Interest

Social rental housing is one of the possible instruments which are applied to ensure the satisfaction of housing needs. However, public funds which are transferred to entities that operate within this area should be usually classified as State aid. The analysis presented in this paper concerns the following question: is it possible to consider the operation of a social rental housing program as services of general economic interest. This question seems to be a topical issue because of a new legislative initiative aiming at establishing a governmental housing program that was implemented by the Act of 10 September 2015 which amended the Act on certain forms of supporting housing construction. The aforementioned program stipulates the legal frames for refundable and preferential financing that may be granted to specific entities in order to realise investments in social rental housing. The governmental housing program complements earlier local housing policies in force. What is significant is that the Polish legislator decided to qualify support granted as services of general economic interest, as referred to in Commission Decision 2012/21/UE of 20 December 2011 on the Application of Article 106(2) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union to State aid in the form of public service compensation granted to certain undertakings entrusted with the operation of services of general economic interest. Applying Commission Decision 2012/21/UE to this situation raises some doubts as to the lack of clarity of a term “social housing”. Due to a certain controversy over the abovementioned issue, the authors have attempted to examine whether the application of preferential provisions of Commission Decision 2012/21/UE to the social housing program is in accordance with the relevant provisions of EU competition rules.

scholarly journals Czech family policy

2018 ◽  
pp. 457-466
Author(s):  
Biljana Stankovic
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fertility Trend

The paper presents the development and transformation of the Czech population policy since the 1950s. It changed from the pronatalist, carried out at a time when the Czech Republic was part of the communist Czechoslovakia, to mostly social in the time of the transition from the 1990s, and the actualization and introduction of new measures in the last decade. The measures that were defined and implemented over a certain period of time represented the state?s response to the family and reproductive behavior of the population, most often reflected in low fertility, largely determined by the current social, economic and cultural conditions. In this sense, the period of the greatest challenges came after 1989, with the transformation of the social and political system and the great economic and social changes that followed, as well as the decline in fertility to an extremely low level. At that time, family policy excluded the pronatalist incentives and benefits and only kept social measures aimed at reducing poverty and alleviating inequalities. Since the early 2000s, new measures have been defined and implemented, motivated by the need to stop and change the declining fertility trend that reached the lowest level (TFR 1.13 in 1999), by looking at the possible negative socio-economic consequences, as well as the recommendations and directives of the European Union, member of which became Czech Republic in 2004. Since 2000, the decline in fertility stopped, TFR reached 1.43 in 2011 and according to data for 2016, it was 1.63 children per woman.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE 500 PLUS FAMILY PROGRAM AS AN IMPACT FACTOR OF FAMILY POLICY IN FAMILY INVESTMENT IN POLAND

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Sylwia Gwoździewicz ◽  
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Family Investment ◽  
Family Program ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
The Social ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Systemic Transformation ◽  
Economic Objective

n Poland since the beginning of the systemic transformation of the 1990s, the relatively low incomes of many families have been relatively low. Similar relationships exist in terms of material, housing and financial savings. Launched in April 2016, the 500 Plus Program contributes to a significant reduction in the scale of this socially and economically disadvantageous relationship, i.e. the current lowest profitability in families with many children. Moreover, the profitability and generating of surplus financial households in Poland are on average several times lower than in the financial situation of families in Western European countries. The strategic goal in this way of developing family policy is to increase the fertility in Poland in the coming years, which is to counteract the unfavorable demographic trends of the aging population. It is now assumed that the 500 Plus Program should work positively on the strategic socio-economic objective of reducing the demographic aging of the population, i.e. limiting the potential for publication in the perspective of the next few years of insolvency conducted by the Social Insurance Institution of the participatory pension system. The 500 Plus program is an important instrument for a comprehensive family investment policy in Poland.

Processes and contexts influencing health inequalities among women who are mothers

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 897-899
Author(s):  
Sara Trujillo-Alemán ◽  
Gloria Perez ◽  
Jillian Reynolds ◽  
Silvia Rueda ◽  
Carme Borrell
Keyword(s):  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Social Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy Models ◽  
The One

This paper presents a conceptual framework that aims to conceptualise the different processes and contexts influencing health inequalities among women who are mothers. On the one hand, four processes are shown: (1) social stratification; (2) route into motherhood; (3) exposure and vulnerability to risk factors; and (4) generation of health inequalities. On the other hand, the role of the socioeconomic and political context, the labour market context, and the social, community and family context, as well as their inter-relationships, are presented. In addition, different family policy models, social values and cultural imperatives are considered.

Multilevel governance or multilevel government?

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 776-783
Author(s):  
Tanja A Börzel
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Multilevel Governance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Liberal Intergovernmentalism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Societal Actors ◽  
Public Interest Groups ◽  
The Government

The commentary returns to the beginning of the career of multilevel governance as a distinct perspective on the European Union and European integration. At the time, multilevel governance allowed a generation of students to overcome the stylised debates between Liberal Intergovernmentalism and Neofunctionalism on how to best capture the ‘nature of the beast’. At the same time, multilevel governance still privileged the role of public authorities over economic and societal actors. While subsequent studies broadened the focus to include the social partners or public interest groups, Hooghe and Marks have retained their public authority bias. The commentary argues that the focus on multilevel government rather than multilevel governance has increased the scope or applicability of Hooghe and Marks’ approach, both within the European Union and beyond. At the same time, the government bias has prevented the multilevel governance approach from unlocking its full explanatory potential.

scholarly journals Investigations Concerning E-Government Adoption in Transition Economies

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Katalin Szabó ◽  
Lucian Chiriac
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies ◽  
Legal Environment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Expert Choice ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
The Eu

The implementation of efficient cross-border digital public services for a connected Europe, a developed e-government represents a priority for the European Union. There are big differences in the way e-government is adopted. Transition economies lag behind developed economies. This paper explores the e-government adoption in its multidimensionality within the EU member states. It uses 22 variables, which highlight: technological preparedness, the ability to access and absorb information and information technology, the ability to generate, adopt and spread knowledge, the social and legal environment, the government policy and vision, and consumer and business adoption and innovation. Barriers to efficient e-government adoption in transition economies are identified. Multicriteria decision analysis is used for the prioritisation of the factors with the highest overall impact on efficient implementation. The authors use the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP method) for prioritisation and the numerical results are obtained with Expert Choice software.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Is Examining the EU and the Member States: The Role of Attitudes and Sociodemographic Factors on Citizens’ Support towards National Policies

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Martín ◽  
Concepción Román
Keyword(s):  
Important Determinant ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Political Support ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Eu

During March and April 2020, the European Union (EU) was the center of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many national governments imposed severe lockdown policies to mitigate the health crisis, but the citizens’ support to these policies was unknown. The aim of this paper was to analyze empirically how citizens in the EU have reacted towards the measures taken by the national governments. To this end, a microeconometric model (ordered probit) that explains the citizens’ satisfaction by a number of attitudes and sociodemographic factors was estimated using a wide database formed by 21,804 European citizens in 21 EU countries who responded a survey between 23 April and 1 May 2020. Our results revealed that Spaniards were the least satisfied citizens in comparison with Danes, Irelanders, Greeks, and Croats, who were the most satisfied nationals. The years of education and the social class also played a determinant role. We also found that the most important determinant was the political support to the government, and that those who were more worried by the economy and the protection of individual rights were usually more critical of the measures than those who were more worried by the health consequences.

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