Physiological and Therapeutic Outcomes of Intermittent Fasting versus Calorie-Restriction Diet in Patients suffering from Metabolic Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-19
Author(s):  
Doreen Susanne Micallef
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Restriction Diet

The main objective of this study was to determine whether an intermittent fasting diet in combination with a CR diet results in better outcomes on risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome (such as lowering of triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, and blood pressure decrease in abdominal obesity and an increase in HDL-cholesterol and related weight loss for both male and female patients) than with a conventional CR diet alone. A 12-week retrospective case-control study was carried out and involved 78 females and 22 males who exhibited or were receiving medications for three or more conditions related to metabolic syndrome and who completed the study out of 120 participants at baseline. These were randomly assigned to either a conventional calorie-restriction diet or to an intermittent-fasting diet. Relevant baseline parameters were measured during the first encounter and were then repeated after twelve weeks. Professional contact was maintained on a fortnightly basis for both groups. Subjects randomly assigned to the intermittent fasting diet lost more weight than subjects on a conventional calorie-restriction diet after 12 weeks (mean ± SD, 5.7 ± 3.2 kg vs 11.4 ± 6.4 kg; p < 0.001). There were also statistically significant decreases in waist circumference (10.1 ± 7.2 cm vs 4.5 ± 3.3 cm; p < 0.001), serum triglycerides (0.31 ± 0.29 mmol/l vs 0.16 ± 0.16 mmol/l; p = 0.002), and systolic blood pressure (11.1 ± 8.2 mm Hg vs 5.2 ± 4.8 mm Hg; p < 0.001) and an increase in HDL-cholesterol (0.25 ± 0.16 vs 0.14 ± 0.15 mmol/l; p = 0.001). However, no statistically significant changes in diastolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose were recorded. The intermittent fasting diet gave better weight loss outcomes (6.67% vs 12.35%) than did the conventional calorie restriction diet when compared to the baseline weight after the conclusion of the 12-week programme. The intermittent fasting diet was also associated with statistically significant improvements in four out of the six parameters measured and associated with metabolic syndrome. Longer-term studies are required to determine whether these outcomes will be maintained over longer periods of time assuming that there is compliance by the participants.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KUALITAS TIDUR DENGAN 5 INDIKATOR SINDROMA METABOLIK PADA PERAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT HAJI ADAM MALIK MEDAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Simon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
T Test ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Significant Difference

 ABSTRACTHigh death rate caused by non-transmitted diseases in the world is begun with metabolic syndrome in human beings such the increase in IMT (Body Mass Index) to be obesity, the increase in blood pressure to be hypertension, the increase in blood glucose to be diabetes mellitus, and abnormality of triglycerides, and  HDL cholesterol. Many factors which trigger the indicator abnormality, and of them is bad sleep quality. The research used cross sectional design by analyzing the correlation between sleep quality and 5 metabolic syndrome indicator in female nurses in the operation room of Adam Malik Medan hospital. Sleep quality was measured by using questionnaire of Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), body height and weight were measured to get IMT value, blood pressure was measured by using tensimeter, blood glucose and blood lipid were measured by getting the respondent’s vena blood samples. The data were processed and analysis with independent t-test.The result with independent t-test showed that there was significant difference in IMT (sig=0,003), systolic blood pressure (sig=0,028), and fasting blood glucose content (sig=0,00). However, there was no significant difference in trigliyceride content (sig=0,519), HDL cholesterol content (sig=0,300),). The conclusion was that sleep quality was correlated with three metabolic syndrome indicators: IMT, blood pressure, and blood glucose content, but there was no correlation with trigliyceride and HDL cholesterol.Keywords: Sleep Quality, Metabolic Syndrome , T-Test, 

scholarly journals The Role of Bioactive Compounds from Dietary Spices in the Management of Metabolic Syndrome: An Overview

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Dana Hasan Alkhatib ◽  
Abdul Jaleel ◽  
Maryam Naveed Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Jack Feehan ◽  
Vasso Apostolopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lifestyle Changes

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of physiologically dysregulated parameters that can include elevated fasting blood glucose, high blood pressure, central obesity, increased triglyceride levels, insulin resistance, diabetes, elevated low density lipoprotein levels, and reduced high density lipoprotein levels in the blood. Effective clinical management of MetS is critical as it is strongly associated with long lasting and fatal complications in patients. Alongside standard care of lifestyle changes and medication, dietary supplements derived from herbal resources could be an alternative therapeutic strategy that is safe, efficient, culturally acceptable, and has few side effects. Of the dietary supplements, spicy foods have always been considered a great source of functional bioactive compounds. Herbal therapy is broadly used in many countries as a treatment or as a preventive measure in the management of MetS risk factors, including blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipid levels. Herein, an attempt is made to evaluate the recent studies in the management of MetS with herbal alternatives, and to explore the possibility of their use as therapeutic treatments or supplements.

scholarly journals Metabolic characteristics and nutrition intake on women with normal body mass index

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S3) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
D.Y. Fitranti ◽  
F.F. Dieny ◽  
D.M. Kurniawati ◽  
R. Purwanti ◽  
B. Kusumaningnastiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Nutrition Intake

Metabolic syndrome can be found on an individual with normal weight (Metabolically Obese Normal Weight/MONW). Eating habits and lifestyle changing in early adulthood can be the risk of metabolic syndrome in person with a normal body mass index (BMI). The purpose of this study was to identify metabolic characteristics in women with normal BMI and to analyze the correlation of nutrition intake with metabolic syndrome on women with normal BMI. This is an observational study with a cross-sectional design at five offices in Semarang. The sample in this study was 64 subjects. Inclusion criteria of study subject were women aged 25-40 years and BMI <25 kg/m2 . Study subject was chosen by using a consecutive sampling method. The data of nutrition intake was obtained by using the Food Frequency Questionnaire. HDL cholesterol, fasting blood glucose and triglyceride were analyzed. Analysis data was conducted by using Pearson correlation and Rank Spearman. MONW was present in 10.9% and more than 50% had pre metabolic syndrome. A total of 51.6% of the subjects had central obese and 26.6% had low HDL cholesterol. About 14.1% of the subjects have hypertension. There was a positive correlation between energy, fat intake and waist circumference. Carbohydrate intake was positively correlated with fasting blood glucose and triglyceride. The higher protein intake, the higher HDL cholesterol. The most common indicator of metabolic syndrome on women with normal BMI was central obesity and low HDL cholesterol. The factors related to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome on women with normal BMI was macronutrient intake.

scholarly journals Prevalence of metabolic components in university students

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Roberta Vilarouca da Silva ◽  
Luana Savana Nascimento de Sousa ◽  
Telma de Sousa Rocha ◽  
Ramiro Marx Alves Cortez ◽  
Layla Gonçalves do Nascimento Macêdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Low Hdl

OBJECTIVE: to identify the frequency of components of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) among university students.METHOD: descriptive study with 550 students, from various courses run by a public university. The socioeconomic data, lifestyle, and components of MetS were filled out using a questionnaire. Blood sample collection was undertaken in the university itself by a contracted clinical analysis laboratory.RESULTS: 66.2% were female, with a mean age of 22.6±4.41; 71.7% were sedentary; 1.8% stated that they smoke; and 48.5% were classified as at medium risk for alcoholism. 5.8% had raised abdominal circumference and 20.4% had excess weight; 1.3% and 18.9% had raised fasting blood glucose levels and triglycerides, respectively; 64.5% had low HDL cholesterol and 8.7% had blood pressure levels compatible with borderline high blood pressure. Thus, of the sample, 64.4% had at least one component for MetS; 11.6% had two, and 3.5% had three or more.CONCLUSION: a significant proportion of the population already has the components for metabolic syndrome, and this profile reinforces the importance of early diagnosis so as to reduce the risk of developing chronic comorbidities.

scholarly journals Decaffeinated light-roasted green coffee and green tea extract combination improved metabolic parameters and modulated inflammatory genes in metabolic syndrome rats

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saifur Rohman ◽  
Mifetika Lukitasari ◽  
Dwi Adi Nugroho ◽  
Risa Ramadhiani ◽  
Nashi Widodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Triglyceride Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Tea Extract

Background: Individually, green tea and green coffee have been extensively studied for mitigation of metabolic syndrome (MS) in both rats and humans; however, their combined effect requires further investigation. Thus, we compared the metabolic effect of combining green tea and decaffeinated light roasted green coffee on MS in rats. Methods: An MS animal model was constructed by feeding Sprague-Dawley rats with a high-fat-high-sucrose (HFHS) diet for eight weeks and a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) injection at week 2. Rats fed with HFHS diets and injected with STZ successfully developed MS phenotypes, indicated by higher body weight, systolic blood pressure, plasma triglyceride level, plasma fasting blood glucose level, and lower plasma HDL-C level, compared to those fed with a normal chow diet. Subsequently, MS rats were continuously fed with HFHS and divided into four groups: MS rats, MS with 300 mg/bw.t green tea extract (GT), MS with 200 mg/bw.t green coffee extract (GC), and MS with combined green tea and green coffee extract (CM) for nine weeks. Results: Combining green tea and green coffee have synergistic effects on reducing plasma fasting blood glucose and triglyceride level. Inflammatory markers both in plasma and liver tissue robustly decreased in CM group rats. However, the reduction of systolic blood pressure was observed only in GT and CM groups. Moreover, all treatment resulted in an increase in plasma HDL-C level in MS rats. Conclusions: Our data highlighted that, in MS animal models, combined green tea and decaffeinated light roasted green coffee augment their several individual beneficial effects of improved metabolic parameters and modulated inflammatory genes.

scholarly journals Association of normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria with the components of metabolic syndrome in Bangladeshi adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
Muntakim Mahmud Saadi ◽  
Farida Akhter Tania ◽  
Manindra Nath Roy ◽  
Rubena Haque ◽  
Farzana Akonjee Mishu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Urinary Albumin Excretion ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Low Hdl

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is clustering of metabolic abnormalities characterized by obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance that collectively increases the risk of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, stroke and overall mortality. Microalbuminuria is associated with diabetes mellitus, hypertention, obesity all are components of metabolic syndrome. Microalbuminuria and MetS have both been linked to chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Before development of microalbuminuria there is a wide normal range for urinary albumin excretion. By comparing the strength of the association between MetS and its components with normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria, we can assess the risk of cardiovascular and renal diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the association of normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria with the components of MetS in Bangladeshi adult subjects. Methods: It was a cross-sectional analytical study, carried out in the Department of Biochemistry of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of March 2017 to January 2018. Total 175 patients with MetS attending the outpatient department of Medicine and Endocrinology of Mitford Hospital were included. Collected data was checked, edited and analyzed with the help of software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 22. Results: This study showed, among the total 175 study subjects, 125 subjects were with normoalbuminuria (71.43%) and 50 subjects had microalbuminuria (28.57%). With an average age 42.4 years, female were 52% in this study. There was also female predominance among microalbuminuric subjects (13.71% vs 14.75%). Participants with microalbuminuria were more likely to have higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) than those with normoalbuminuria. The albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) of study subjects ranged from 3.00 to 270.39 mg/g and mean ACR was 27.14 mg/g. The mean ACR for participants with three (n=34), four (n=72) and five (n=69) components of MetS were 14.73, 19.94 and 40.77 mg/g respectively and corresponding prevalence of microalbuminuria was 10%, 32% and 58% respectively. Normal range of urinary albumin excretion rate (normoalbuminuria) were classified into four quartiles according to their ACR values and ranges for Q1, Q2, Q3 & Q4 were respectively Q1 = 3.00 to 5.1, Q2 = 5.1 to 8.2, Q3 = 8.2 to 13.89, Q4 = 13.89 to 28.1mg/g. The means of elevated DBP, SBP, FBG and tri-acyl glycerol (TAG) among the components of MetS showed increasing trend from lower to upper quartiles within normal range. Q1 was considered as base line in comparison to other quartiles. Odds of elevated WC, FBG, TAG, BP and low HDL-C were high across increasing quartiles of ACR (1.00 vs 1.33 vs 2.24 vs 1.79 respectively for central obesity; 1.00 vs 1.07 vs 1.97 vs 2.07 respectively for elevated fasting blood glucose; 1.00 vs 1.51 vs 1.69 vs 1.69 respectively for elevated TAG; 1.00 vs 6.86 vs 3.87 vs 2.88 respectively for elevated BP and 1.00 vs 1.35 vs 2.79 vs 2.79 respectively for low HDL-C; p-values <0.05 for all). Among the components of MetS, most significant relationship was observed between elevated BP and increasing ACR quartile within normal range. Conclusions: In conclusion, we demonstrated that microalbuminuria was strongly associated with MetS and its components. Microalbuminuria should be reconsidered as a component of MetS as it shows incremental effect with severity of MetS. Even upper normal range of albuminuria (higher normoalbuminuria) is strongly associated with elevated BP, FBG and TAG among the components of MetS. So, normal range of albuminuria should be rearranged after performing large scale population study in this regard. Birdem Med J 2020; 10(3): 152-158

scholarly journals LIGHT-ROASTED GREEN COFFEE EXTRACT IMPROVED ADIPONECTIN, INSULIN RESISTANCE, AND METABOLIC PROFILE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME RAT MODEL

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mifetika Lukitasari ◽  
Dwi Adi Nugroho ◽  
Mohammad Saifur Rohman ◽  
Nur Ida Panca Nugrahini ◽  
Teguh Wahyu Sardjono
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Adiponectin Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Green Coffee

  Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of light-roasted green coffee bean extract (GCE) administration for 7 weeks on the improvement of metabolic profile, adiponectin level, homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index in metabolic syndrome (MS) rat model.Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced by a combination of high sucrose and high-fat diet for 8 weeks and streptozotocin injection in the 2nd week. The MS was confirmed by NCEP-ATP III criteria. They were divided into six weight-matched groups (n=5), normal control, MS, metformin and simvastatin-treated group (DMS), 100 and 200/body weight (bw) GCE (GCE 100 and GCE 200, respectively). The extracts were given through oral gavage daily for 7 weeks. The effect of GCE on body weight, serum glucose, triglyceride, (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level was analyzed by colorimetric method. HOMA-IR index and adiponectin were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods.Result: Fasting blood glucose, TG, and systolic blood pressure decreased significantly (p<0.05) in both GCE groups. Moreover, after 7 weeks, those parameters were significantly lower (p<0.05) compared to that of MS group. Only GCE 100 group that showed a significant decrease in HDL level. GCE 100 mg/bw and 200 mg/bw group showed significantly higher adiponectin level compared to that of MS and DMS group. Furthermore, GCE 100, GCE 200, and DMS group showed a significant lower HOMA-IR index compared to that of MS group.Conclusion: 7 weeks GCE administration could decrease fasting blood glucose, profile lipid, blood pressure, and improved adiponectin level and HOMA-IR index.

scholarly journals Does the Energy Restriction Intermittent Fasting Diet Alleviate Metabolic Syndrome Biomarkers? A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3213
Author(s):  
Yasemin Ergul Kunduraci ◽  
Hanefi Ozbek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Randomized Controlled

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of an energy restriction intermittent fasting diet in metabolic biomarkers and weight management among adults with metabolic syndrome. This randomized controlled study was performed with metabolic syndrome patients, aged 18–65 years, at an academic institution in Istanbul, Turkey (n = 70). All participants were randomized to the Intermittent Energy Restriction (IER) intervention group and Continuous Energy Restriction (CER) control group. Biochemical tests including lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin Type A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood pressure, and body composition were evaluated at baseline and at the 12th week in diet interviews. Dietary intake was measured with the 24-h dietary recall method and dietary quality was evaluated with the Healthy Eating Index-2010. Changes in body weight (≈7% weight loss) and composition were similar in both groups. Blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting glucose, and insulin at the 12th week decreased in both groups (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in metabolic syndrome biomarkers between the IER and CER groups. The energy-restricted intermittent fasting diet did not cause any deficiencies in macronutrient and fiber intake in the subjects. Healthy Eating Index (HEI) index scores were achieved similarly in both groups, and subjects’ dietary intakes were close to daily reference nutritional intake values. The technique used to achieve energy restriction, whether intermittent or continuous, appears to alleviate the metabolic syndrome biomarkers activated by weight loss.

scholarly journals The Effects of Combined Fruit-Infused Water (Apple, Pineapple, Strawberry, Cucumber) on Blood Pressure and Fasting Blood Glucose in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
Astri Purwanti ◽  
Sugiarto Sugiarto ◽  
Dono Indarto
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Radical Reaction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Randomized Control

ABSTRACTBackground: Fruit-infused water (FIW) contains antioxidants and potassium as a antihyperglycemic and antihypertension via inhibition or break the chain of radical reaction but has not been proven in patients with MS.Purpose: To evaluate the effects of FIW on blood pressure and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in patients with MS.Method: This is a Randomized-Control Trial with pre-posttest control group design. 24 patients of Cakranegara Health Center who fulfilled the criteria were randomly divided into control (given counseling only) and treatment (counseling + FIW consists of apple, cucumber, pineapple and strawberry in 250 ml water for 14 days) groups. Blood pressure and FBG were measured before and after intervention. Chi Square was used for descriptive analyze, whereas T-test, Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon was used for differences in means.Result: In the treatment group (n=11), systolic and diastolic mean levels were decreased by 5,4 mmHg (p=0,140) and 0,9 mmHg (p=0,792) respectively. However, FBG levels were increased by 9,2 mg/dL (p=0.929). There were no differences on systolic (p=0,448), diastolic (p=0,835) and FBG (p=0,599) between two groups.Conclusion: FIW consumption are unable to improve blood pressure and FBG levels on metabolic syndrome. Keywords: Fruit-Infused Water, Blood Pressure, Fasting Blood Sugar Level, Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Audit of monitoring of the parameters of metabolic syndrome in patients on clozapine

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 466-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Tully ◽  
Christina Sim ◽  
Razi Hemani ◽  
Malik Munir ◽  
Nasir Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Clinical Implications

Aims and MethodHigh rates of metabolic syndrome exist among patients on clozapine. Monitoring its parameters facilitates interventions which may alleviate negative health consequences. We completed an audit of the monitoring of the parameters of metabolic syndrome in patients on clozapine. The results were compared with the Maudsley Guidelines for monitoring in patients on any antipsychotic medication.ResultsInitial audit showed high overall rates of concordance with guidelines for the frequency of measurement of blood pressure (91.8%), but much lower rates for measuring fasting blood glucose (43.2%) and lipid profile (52.7%), and no record of analysis of waist circumference. This prompted development of a formal protocol for measuring parameters. Repeat audit after 1 year showed marked improvement in rates of measurement.Clinical implicationsImplementation of relatively straightforward measures, such as the introduction of a one-page form on which to record parameters, can lead to a much improved rate of monitoring for metabolic syndrome. This should in turn prompt therapeutic interventions, which are discussed.

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