Assessment of nutrition knowledge during lactation among postpartum women

Background: Breastfeeding is the most appropriate form of nutrition for newborns and infants. During lactation, milk production is an important function of a new mother’s body. The lack of a healthy, balanced diet carries a high risk of macro- and micronutrient deficiencies in postpartum women. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to explore the nutrition knowledge of postpartum mothers during lactation, based on current guidelines. Material and methods: The study involved 103 postpartum mothers who stayed in the maternity and neonatal ward in a secondary care hospital from April 2019 to January 2020. The diagnostic survey method was used as the research tool, which included an original questionnaire. Participation in the study was voluntary and anonymous. Results were analyzed using Microsoft Excel descriptive statistics. The analysis of Spearman’s R correlation between the variables was performed in the Statistica 13.1 program. Statistical significance was taken at p < 0.05. Results: The average score among respondents was 4.82/10 points. Most study participants (77%, n = 79) considered breastfeeding women to have greater energy and nutritional requirements. More than half of the study participants (59%, n = 61) declared that some food products should be eliminated from the diet, namely strawberries, citrus fruit and chocolate. Conclusions: Women’s knowledge about nutrition during lactation is insufficient. There is a need to intensify education in this area by medical professionals including midwives.

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Food Fortification: The Level of Awareness among Kenyan Consumers

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2020/8486129 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Amaya Aura Linda ◽

Florence Kyallo ◽

Judith K. Okoth ◽

Peter Kahenya ◽

Anselimo Makokha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Food Fortification ◽

Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Government ◽

Study Participants

More than half of the morbidity and mortality cases among children in Kenya are as a result of micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs). Food fortification is considered by the Government of Kenya as a feasible strategy for addressing MNDs. Worldwide, fortification has been proven to be effective since it does not require any change in dietary habits. Success of large-scale food fortification however may depend on consumer awareness of the fortification benefits. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 counties to collect information on fortification awareness using structured questionnaires. 1435 respondents were selected using the Lot Quality Assurance Sampling method. Data were analyzed using Stata version 14.0 and statistical significance p<0.05. The study participants were described using descriptive statistics. The association of sociodemographic characteristics and awareness of fortification was performed using binary logistic regression analysis. The median age of the study participants was 35 years. Only 28% of the respondents were aware of the term “fortification.” Of the respondents, about 27% heard of food fortification through radio. Vernacular radio emerged as the most preferred channel for communicating fortification information among 24.9% of the respondents. Although awareness of vitamins (32%) and minerals (1.5%) was limited, most (76%) respondents reported of existence of health risks for lacking micronutrients. Awareness of food fortification was significantly associated with respondents’ occupation (p< 0.001), household size (p=0.012), education levels (p<0.001), and age (p=0.025). There is need for a wider use of broadcast media sources to modify information and education materials to promote fortification awareness among Kenyan consumers.

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Covid-19 Vaccination Education for Pregnant and Postpartum Mothers

KANGMAS: Karya Ilmiah Pengabdian Masyarakat ◽

10.37010/kangmas.v2i3.431 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 292-297

Author(s):

Iin Octaviana Hutagaol ◽

Arini Arini ◽

Benny Harry Leksmon Situmorang

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Health Center ◽

Community Service ◽

Health Workers ◽

Average Score ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Pretest Score ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

Service Activity ◽

Postpartum Mothers

Acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccine for pregnant and postpartum women is very low, one of the things that causes it is the lack of information regarding the benefits of the Covid-19 vaccine itself, this causes pregnant and postpartum women not to be vaccinated. The purpose of this community service is conduct counseling related to Covid-19 vaccination education for pregnant and postpartum women. The method of implementing this service is counseling about Covid-19 vaccine education for pregnant and postpartum women, The partners in this service activity are the Kalkubula auxiliary health center in the working area of ??the Biromaru Health Center. The instruments used in this activity are pretest and posttest questionnaires. The average pretest score for 21 pregnant and postpartum women was 40, after education and posttest assessment the average score increased to 70. The conclusion from this activity was that pregnant women and postpartum mothers got better knowledge regarding the Covid-19 vaccination. Suggestions for health workers to further increase education activities for Covid-19 vaccines so that mothers' interest in getting vaccines increases.

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Impact of Maternal Smoking on the Onset of Breastfeeding versus Formula Feeding: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16244888 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (24) ◽

pp. 4888 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Carolina Lechosa Muñiz ◽

María Paz-Zulueta ◽

Elsa Cornejo del Río ◽

Sonia Mateo Sota ◽

María Sáez de Adana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maternal Smoking ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Formula Feeding ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Formula Milk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Postpartum Mothers

This study sought to estimate the prevalence of maternal smoking and its association with exclusive breastfeeding vs. formula feeding. A cross-sectional study was performed on postpartum women at a public hospital in Spain, between January and August 2018. The main variables studied were their age, level of study, smoking habits, and chosen mode of infant feeding. In total, 948 postpartum women were included. Of these, 12.45% were smokers who smoked a mean of 7.23 cigarettes/day. Among the group of smokers, the probability of feeding the newborns with formula milk was multiplied by 2.32 ([95%CI 1.50–3.58] p < 0.001). When stratifying tobacco use into mild, moderate and severe, we found a statistically significant dose–response pattern. These associations and their statistical significance were maintained when adjusting by age and level of study. In conclusion, in the group of postpartum mothers who smoked, the probability of feeding the newborns with formula milk doubled. Our data highlight the need to improve health education programs in women of childbearing age, especially during pregnancy.

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Effect of Postnatal Exercises on Quality of Life in Immediate Postpartum Mothers: A Clinical Trial

Journal of SAFOG with DVD ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1258 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 11-14

Author(s):

Arati V Mahishale ◽

Lume Pereira Antonyna Maria Ulorica ◽

Hema S Patil

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Clinical Trial ◽

Postpartum Period ◽

Short Form ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Short Form 36 ◽

Postpartum Mothers ◽

General Wellbeing

ABSTRACT Objective Women are potentially susceptible to complications during postpartum period which may affect their physical, mental and social wellbeing. It is essential to deliver appropriate postpartum care in immediate postpartum mothers to improve the general wellbeing. Postnatal exercises are administered in routine clinical practice for early mobility and postnatal recovery. The present study aimed to assess the effect of postnatal exercise on postpartum maternal physical, mental, social and general wellbeing in immediate postpartum women. Materials and methods Setting—Tertiary care hospital; Subjects—33 immediate postpartum women with vaginal delivery were recruited after obtaining an informed consent and clearance from the institutional ethical committee; Treatment— postnatal exercises namely aerobic exercises, general body strengthening exercises, and pelvic floor muscle exercises were given from 2nd to 4th day postpartum, twice per day each session lasting for 30 minutes each; Tool—the short-form (36) questionnaire was administered as an outcome measure; statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16. Results The results showed statistically significant difference in quality of life according to the short form (36) scores on 4th day postintervention as compared to 2nd day preintervention with p < 0.001 in all domains. Conclusion Postnatal exercises administered during immediate postpartum period helps improve the quality of life by improving physical, mental, social and general wellbeing. How to cite this article Mahishale AV, Maria Vlorica LPA, Patil HS. Effect of Postnatal Exercises on Quality of Life in Immediate Postpartum Mothers: A Clinical Trial. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2014;6(1):11-14.

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A Longitudinal Study of Retirement Transition and Advance Directive Completion

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1424 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 441-441

Author(s):

Catheryn Koss

Keyword(s):

End Of Life ◽

Advance Directives ◽

Advance Directive ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Optimal Time ◽

Retirement Transition ◽

Multistep Process ◽

Study Participants ◽

Retirement Study

Abstract Advance directives (AD) help to ensure patients’ wishes are honored and contribute to improved end-of-life care. According to normative life course theory, retirement is a significant role change that signals a transition into the third age and its socially prescribed activities. To the extent that ACP is viewed as something to do when one reaches a more advanced stage in life, retirement may spark recognition that planning for incapacity and the end of life is now personally relevant and appropriate. This study tested whether transitioning from work to retirement prompted AD completion. The sample included Health and Retirement Study participants 65 and older who, in 2012, had no ADs and were not completely retired (N = 919). Retirement was operationalized as both a categorical status and as a multistep process. Three waves of data were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression to test associations between retirement transition and advance directive completion. By 2014, 21% had completed ADs and another 17% completed them by 2016. Those who completely retired between 2012 and 2014 were almost twice as likely to complete ADs between 2014 and 2016. Graduated increase in level of retirement between 2012 and 2014 was associated with higher odds of new AD possession in 2016, but did not reach statistical significance at p < .05. These results suggest the period following retirement may be an optimal time to encourage patients and clients who have not already done so to complete advance directives.

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Impact of Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Respiratory Pseudomonas on VAP and VAE During Long-Term Acute Care

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2020.823 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s258-s259

Author(s):

James Harrigan ◽

Ebbing Lautenbach ◽

Emily Reesey ◽

Magda Wernovsky ◽

Pam Tolomeo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Acute Care ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Care Hospital ◽

16S Sequencing ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Impact

Background: Clinically diagnosed ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is common in the long-term acute-care hospital (LTACH) setting and may contribute to adverse ventilator-associated events (VAEs). Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common causative organism of VAP. We evaluated the impact of respiratory P. aeruginosa colonization and bacterial community dominance, both diagnosed and undiagnosed, on subsequent P. aeruginosa VAP and VAE events during long-term acute care. Methods: We enrolled 83 patients on LTACH admission for ventilator weaning, performed longitudinal sampling of endotracheal aspirates followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (Illumina HiSeq), and bacterial community profiling (QIIME2). Statistical analysis was performed with R and Stan; mixed-effects models were fit to relate the abundance of respiratory Psa on admission to clinically diagnosed VAP and VAE events. Results: Of the 83 patients included, 12 were diagnosed with P. aeruginosa pneumonia during the 14 days prior to LTACH admission (known P. aeruginosa), and 22 additional patients received anti–P. aeruginosa antibiotics within 48 hours of admission (suspected P. aeruginosa); 49 patients had no known or suspected P. aeruginosa (unknown P. aeruginosa). Among the known P. aeruginosa group, all 12 patients had P. aeruginosa detectable by 16S sequencing, with elevated admission P. aeruginosa proportional abundance (median, 0.97; IQR, 0.33–1). Among the suspected P. aeruginosa group, all 22 patients had P. aeruginosa detectable by 16S sequencing, with a wide range of admission P. aeruginosa proportional abundance (median, 0.0088; IQR, 0.00012–0.31). Of the 49 patients in the unknown group, 47 also had detectable respiratory Psa, and many had high P. aeruginosa proportional abundance at admission (median, 0.014; IQR, 0.00025–0.52). Incident P. aeruginosa VAP was observed within 30 days in 4 of the known P. aeruginosa patients (33.3%), 5 of the suspected P. aeruginosa patients (22.7%), and 8 of the unknown P. aeruginosa patients (16.3%). VAE was observed within 30 days in 1 of the known P. aeruginosa patients (8.3%), 2 of the suspected P. aeruginosa patients (9.1%), and 1 of the unknown P. aeruginosa patients (2%). Admission P. aeruginosa abundance was positively associated with VAP and VAE risk in all groups, but the association only achieved statistical significance in the unknown group (type S error <0.002 for 30-day VAP and <0.011 for 30-day VAE). Conclusions: We identified a high prevalence of unrecognized respiratory P. aeruginosa colonization among patients admitted to LTACH for weaning from mechanical ventilation. The admission P. aeruginosa proportional abundance was strongly associated with increased risk of incident P. aeruginosa VAP among these patients.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

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Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment and Dementia Risk in Older Adults

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab076 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

G L Dunietz ◽

R D Chervin ◽

J F Burke ◽

A S Conceicao ◽

T J Braley

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Fee For Service ◽

Medicare Beneficiaries ◽

Lower Odds ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Not Otherwise Specified ◽

Dementia Risk ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Study Objectives To examine associations between PAP therapy, adherence and incident diagnoses of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia not-otherwise-specified (DNOS) in older adults. Methods This retrospective study utilized Medicare 5% fee-for-service claims data of 53,321 beneficiaries, aged 65+, with an OSA diagnosis prior to 2011. Study participants were evaluated using ICD-9 codes for neurocognitive syndromes [AD(n=1,057), DNOS(n=378), and MCI(n=443)] that were newly-identified between 2011-2013. PAP treatment was defined as presence of ≥1 durable medical equipment (HCPCS) code for PAP supplies. PAP adherence was defined as ≥2 HCPCS codes for PAP equipment, separated by≥1 month. Logistic regression models, adjusted for demographic and health characteristics, were used to estimate associations between PAP treatment or adherence and new AD, DNOS, and MCI diagnoses. Results In this sample of Medicare beneficiaries with OSA, 59% were men, 90% were non-Hispanic whites and 62% were younger than 75y. The majority (78%) of beneficiaries with OSA were prescribed PAP (treated), and 74% showed evidence of adherent PAP use. In adjusted models, PAP treatment was associated with lower odds of incident diagnoses of AD and DNOS (OR=0.78, 95% CI:0.69-0.89; and OR=0.69, 95% CI:0.55-0.85). Lower odds of MCI, approaching statistical significance, were also observed among PAP users (OR=0.82, 95% CI:0.66-1.02). PAP adherence was associated with lower odds of incident diagnoses of AD (OR=0.65, 95% CI:0.56-0.76). Conclusions PAP treatment and adherence are independently associated with lower odds of incident AD diagnoses in older adults. Results suggest that treatment of OSA may reduce risk of subsequent dementia.

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MRI Spectrum of Japanese Encephalitis in Northeast India: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1722820 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (02) ◽

pp. 281-289

Author(s):

Pranjal Phukan ◽

Kalyan Sarma ◽

Barun Kumar Sharma ◽

Deb K. Boruah ◽

Bidyut Bikash Gogoi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Japanese Encephalitis ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Mri Scan ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adc Value ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Abstract Objective Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an arthropod-borne flavivirus infection having high mortality and morbidity. This study was performed to evaluate the conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in JE and to find out any difference between pediatric and adult JE. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was performed on serologically positive 54 JE patients presented to a tertiary care hospital with acute encephalitic symptoms between April 2016 and October 2019. Relevant neurological examination, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and MRI scan of the brain were performed. Results Fifty-four JE patients (n = 31 males and n = 23 females) having 32 pediatric and 22 adult JE were included in the study sample. Group 1 JE (n = 16) patients had encephalitic symptoms with duration less than 15 days up to the day of MRI scan and group 2 JE (n = 38) had symptoms more than 15 days. Group 1 JE had mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of 0.563 ± 0.109 (standard deviation [SD]) × 10–3 mm2/sec and group 2 JE had 1.095 ± 0.206 (SD) × 10–3 mm2/sec. The mean ADC value of pediatric JE was 0.907 ± 0.336 (SD) × 10–3 mm2/sec and adult JE was 0.982 ± 0.253 (SD) × 10–3 mm2/sec. Conclusion The majority of the JE patient shows abnormal signal alterations in bilateral thalami and substantia nigra. Diffusion-weighted imaging with ADC mapping helps in evaluating the stage of the JE. No statistical significance of the various conventional MRI findings was found between the pediatric JE and adult JE.

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Low prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among children aged 1–9 years in rural communities of Metema District, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study

Italian Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s13052-021-01064-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kessete Ayelgn ◽

Tadesse Guadu ◽

Atalay Getachew

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Active Trachoma ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Background Trachoma is an infectious disease of the eye caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and transmitted via contact with eye discharge from infected persons and leading to blindness worldwide. Children less than 9 years of age affected more seriously. The disease is common where access to water and sanitation are limited. Objective To determine the prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among children aged 1–9 years in rural communities of Metema District, West Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Method A community based cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 792 children aged 1–9 years old in Metema district from April to May 2018. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and eye examination using binocular loupe to differentiate trachoma cases was the data collection methods and tools. The bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression model was employed for analysis. P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance. Results A total of 752 children aged l-9 years were enrolled in this study with response rate of 94.9%. The overall prevalence of active trachoma among the study participants was 11.8% (95% CI, 9.5–13.9). Unprotected source of water (AOR = 4.7; 95% CI: 2.5–8.9), lower household water consumption (AOR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.3–6.0), improper latrine utilization (AOR = 3.2; 95% CI: 1.5–6.7), and frequency of face washing once per day (AOR = 5.3; 95% CI: 1.2–26.6) were the factors significantly associated with active trachoma. Conclusion The current study revealed a lower overall prevalence of active trachoma (11.8%) than the WHO threshold prevalence (20%) used to declare it as a severe public health problem. All residents and health professional should collaborate on trachoma prevention by implementing the WHO SAFE strategy- surgery for trichiasis, antibiotics, facial cleanliness and environmental improvement for further trachoma elimination.

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Prevalence of postpartum family planning utilization and associated factors among postpartum mothers in Arba Minch town, South Ethiopia

Contraception and Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.1186/s40834-021-00150-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Biresaw Wassihun ◽

Kidist Wosen ◽

Asmare Getie ◽

Kalkidan Belay ◽

Rehal Tesfaye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Postnatal Care ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Educational Status ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Postpartum Family Planning ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Background Contraception allows women to realize their human right to decide if and when to have children and helps people to attain their desired family size. Yet 214 million women of a reproductive age in developing countries who want to avoid pregnancy are not using a modern contraceptive method. Women who have recently given birth are among the group with the highest unmet need for contraception. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of postpartum family planning use and associated factors among postpartum women in Southern Ethiopia. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted. A structured and pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from study participants. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique by allocating proportionally to each health facility. The data was entered using EPI data version 3.1statistical software and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 for further analysis. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify associated factors. P values < 0.05 with 95% confidence level was used to declare statistica significance. Result Overall, 44% of postpartum women utilize postpartum family planning. Having an antenatal care visit [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =1.89(95%CI, 2.42–7.90), having planned pregnancy [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.17(95%CI, 1.60–2.28)], being married (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =2.86(1.94–8.73), and having a college and above level educational status (AOR) =1.66(1.28–3.55) were significantly associated with utilization of postpartum family planning. Conclusion This study showed that the prevalence of postpartum family planning was 44%. Marital status, educational status of mothers, the status of pregnancy, and having an antenatal care follow-up during pregnancy were some factors associated with postpartum family planning utilization. Therefore, strengthening family planning counselling during antenatal and postnatal care visits, improving utilization of postnatal care services and improving women’s educational status are crucial steps to enhance contraceptive use among postpartum women.

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