scholarly journals Farmers' Perception of the Health Effects of Agrochemicals in Southeast Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikamso C. Apeh
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Agricultural Economics ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Background. Agrochemicals are used by farmers in Southeast Nigeria to increase crop yields and food production. However, farmers are often illiterate and do not follow precautions for their usage and application, increasing the risk of exposures to humans and the environment. Objectives. The aim of the present study was to determine the extent of the use of agrochemicals by farmers, category or type used, ability to read instructions, exposure to agrochemicals during application and perception of the health effects of exposure to agrochemicals in Southeast Nigeria. Methods. From February–June 2017, a total of 200 farmers were surveyed using oral interviews and structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Respondents were asked about items such as socioeconomic characteristics, types and amounts of fertilizers and pesticides used, exposure during application and perceptions of the health effects of exposure to agrochemicals. Results. In the present study, the majority of farmers (74%) used inorganic fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK)) and 26% used organic fertilizers (compost manure). Most of the farmers in the present study (65%) reported that they could not read agrochemical application instructions, 92% of farmers were exposed to agrochemicals during application, and most farmers (73%) reported falling sick after exposure to agrochemicals. Conclusions. We recommend that agricultural extension agents provide farmers with comprehensive training in agrochemical use to ensure their health and lower environmental risks. Participant Consent. Obtained Ethics Approval. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka Competing Interests. The author declares no competing financial interests

scholarly journals Comparison of logistic, energy and exploitative parameters of compost and manure application by spreaders

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S33-S39
Author(s):  
Souček Jiří ◽  
Pražan Radek ◽  
Roy Amitava ◽  
Plíva Petr ◽  
Jelínek Antonín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Lower Volume ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

This article deals with comparison of composts and manure use from the viewpoint of handling, transport and application on agricultural land. The published values were established by measurements under working conditions and afterwards converted on the basis of the content of nutrients defined in laboratory. Compost contained a greater share of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and had higher dry matter content and lower volume weight. Direct consumed energy expressed by recalculation of the consumed diesel fuel in case of composts moved from 5.12 MJ/kg (potassium) up to 16.19 MJ/kg (phosphorus). In case of manure it was higher and moved from 10.49 MJ/kg (nitrogen) up to 29.79 MJ/kg (phosphorus). The greatest share in energy consumption occupies transport, which was considered uniformly at the distance of 5 km. The study confirmed the feasibility of use of compost in agriculture as a partial substitute of conventional organic fertilizers; for its handling, transport and application the standard mechanization used for manure may be utilized.

scholarly journals Development of a technology for producing organic fertilizers based on catalytic processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
Ye.B. Nikitin ◽  
◽  
T.I. Uryumtseva ◽  
B.A. Sharov ◽  
O.A. Slatvinskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Poultry Waste ◽  
Sodium Humate ◽  
Bird Droppings ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The article is devoted to the development of a technology for obtaining organic fertilizers from poultry waste based on biocatalytic processes. Currently, many poultry farms have become sources of environmental pollution, thereby causing serious environmental problems and economic and social damage. The problem of reliable protection of the natural environment from pollution by bird droppings is currently relevant. In the area of operation of large poultry farms, air pollution by microorganisms, dust, foul-smelling organic compounds, which are decomposition products of organic waste, as well as nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon oxides, is possible. Bird droppings contain acids, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, heavy metals. The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium changes dramatically depending on the quantity and quality of the feed. Humic substances isolated from brown coal have a sufficiently high sorption activity and are used as cheap sorbents for solving a number of environmental problems in industry. These studies are aimed at minimizing the main disadvantage of the anaerobic digestion process, the low reaction rate, which leads to the need to create large-volume bioreactors. On the basis of the research carried out, a technology has been developed for obtaining organic fertilizers from poultry waste by the method of anaerobic fermentation of chicken manure with humidity at a temperature of 27 °C - 50 °C with the addition of sodium humate. The resulting fertilizer is intended for use in agricultural production, horticulture, floriculture, forestry, municipalities, in household plots in order to increase the yield and quality of crop production. For the developed technology, an application has been submitted for obtaining a Patent for the invention of the Republic of Kazakhstan «Method for producing organic fertilizers» (priority No. 2021-22818, dated July 13, 2021). The invention allows to significantly reduce the time of fermentation, to enrich the product with organic and mineral products contained in sodium humate, to convert the salts of heavy metals into an insoluble state, to improve the environmental friendliness of the method.

scholarly journals Pemberdayaan Kelompok Lanjut Usia melalui Pengenalan Teknologi Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) sebagai Upaya Bentuk Kepedulian terhadap Lingkungan

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
I Gde Antha Kasmawan ◽  
Gusti Ngurah Sutapa ◽  
I Made Yuliara
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Practice Methods ◽  
Interactive Lecture ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

In order to avoid post power syndrome, the elderly who have a hobby of farming / gardening can be empowered through the introduction of LOF (liquid organic fertilizer) making technology and its application. The aim is for the elderly to understand the technology of making organic fertilizers that are lightweight, useful and entertaining as well as for them to feel contribute in maintaining the environment. The training method applied is a combination of interactive lecture and practice methods. Based on these methods, have succeeded in growing their creativity in making LOF and feel comforted on the results obtained. Successful LOF products contained nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) of 146,701 mg / L, 0.741 mg / L, and 0.035 mg / L, respectively, and magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) of 86.332 mg / L and 1.970 mg / L. The application of LOF products has been done on the orchid plants (Phalaenopsis amabilis) with satisfactory results. Thus, the mastery of LOF making technology and its application will reduce the dependence of chemical fertilizer use and replace it with homemade organic fertilizer so it can contribute in maintaining health and environmental sustainability.

scholarly journals Teor de macronutrientes em girassol ornamental sob doses de esterco e efluente doméstico

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Eric Mateus Soares Dias ◽  
Leandro De Oliveira Andrade ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
Nildo Da Silva Dias ◽  
Reginaldo Gomes Nobre
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Forced Ventilation ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
The One ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Different Parts

<p>Os estercos são subprodutos da pecuária por vezes descartados, mesmo sendo potencialmente adubos orgânicos. A água residuária também é considerada outro subproduto de potencial para reuso na agricultura. Objetivou-se avaliar o teor de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em plantas de girassol ornamental <em>(Helianthus annuus L</em>., cv. Sol Noturno) adubadas com esterco bovino e irrigadas com efluente doméstico tratado. Os fatores estudados foram 2 tipos de água de irrigação (abastecimento e efluente doméstico) e 4 doses de esterco bovino (5, 10, 15 e 20%, com base em peso). Aos 60 dias depois do plantio (DAP), as plantas de girassol foram colhidas e fez-se a preparação das amostras de parte das plantas (raízes, caules, folhas e flor), as quais foram secadas em estufa com ventilação forçada a 62 °C, durante 72 horas e em seguida, realizou-se a determinação dos teores de nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P) e potássio (K) em uma amostra composta de diferentes partes. O teor de N foi influenciado positivamente pelas doses de 10, 15 e 20% de esterco bovino, sem diferença entre elas e, embora não significativamente, a água residuária proporcionou os maiores teores em todos os macronutrientes avaliados.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Macronutrients content in ornamental sunflower under bovine Manure and Wastewater</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The manures are byproducts of cattle, sometimes discarded, even though potentially organic fertilizers. Similarly, the wastewater should be considered another potential byproduct of reuse in agriculture. The objective of this work was to evaluate the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in ornamental sunflower plants (<em>Helianthus annuus</em> L., cv. Sol Not urno) fertilized with cattle manure and irrigated with wastewater. The factors two types of water (supply and wastewater) and four levels of bovine manure (5, 10, 15 and 20%, based on weight of soil) were used. At 60 days after sowing (DAS), plants were harvested and divided into plant parts (roots, stems, leaves and flower), dried in an oven with forced ventilation, at 62 °C for 72 hours. The contents of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were determinated in a composite sample of different parts. It was concluded that the N content was positively influenced by the doses of 10, 15 and 20% of cattle manure, with no difference between them and, although not significantly, the wastewater was the one that brought the highest levels in all macronutrients analyzed.</p>

scholarly journals Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mass balances in an irrigated quinoa field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Alvar-Beltrán ◽  
Marco Napoli ◽  
Abdalla Dao ◽  
Amoro Ouattara ◽  
Leonardo Verdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Mass Balances ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) needs to increase its food production to alleviate food insecurity exacerbated by climate variability and from increasing food demand. Balancing macronutrient inputs becomes essential for sustaining yields, increasing farmer's income and minimizing environmental costs deriving from fertilizer misuse. The present study calculates the nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) mass balances by estimating macronutrient inputs and outputs of a quinoa field cultivated under full and deficit irrigation conditions (100 and 50 % crop evapotranspiration- ETc), in either the presence or absence of N fertilizer (100 and 0 kg ha-1 of N). The emerging findings show that to produce one ton of quinoa biomass (including seeds, stems and leaves) 12.7, 1.6 and 35.5 kg ha-1 of N, P and K, respectively, need to be added into the soil. While N and K are required at medium to fairly high amounts, P is needed in lower amounts. Hence, fertilizers in the form of potassium nitrate (KNO3) are more suitable than those with higher phosphorus concentrations, phosphate (PO43-). Overall, evidences from field experimentations are necessary for integrating farming input recommendations on crop agronomic guidelines, driven by national agricultural research institutions, and for promoting sustainable agriculture in SSA.

scholarly journals Effects of reduced application of special organic fertilizers on tea production

2021 ◽  
pp. 939-945
Author(s):  
Jinbao Liu ◽  
Minghui Jin ◽  
Zhongan Mao
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Tea Production ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Tea Plants ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

A trial of special fertilizer reduction and combined application of organic fertilizer on tea production, nutrients and economic benefits was carried out in the tea garden at Shihe Port, Xinyang, Henan Province, China. The experiment has six treatments of customary fertilization (CK), 100% special fertilizer for tea (T1), nitrogen reduction 20% (T2), 40% (T3), 60% (T4) and 100% (T5), and special fertilizers at the same time. Among the special fertilizer treatments for tea plants, the germination density, 100-bud weight, fresh tea yield, N, P, and K content of new shoots and economic benefits were the highest in T1 treatment, Results showed that the yield range of the five treatments was 460～632.4kg hm2. Compared with CK, the yield increase rates were 6.11, 1.99, -4.21, -13.76 and -22.82%, respectively. The growth rates of barber bud density and 100-bud weight were -20.00～25.83 and 8.40～ 8.40%, respectively. The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the new shoots varied by 0.623～1.070, 0.047～0.183 and 1.380～2.237%, respectively. Therefore, the special fertilizer for tea plants can reduce the nitrogen by 20% to save costs and increase efficiency. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 939-945, 2021 (September) Special

scholarly journals FEATURES OF BASIC NUTRIENT CONSUMPTION BY LINSEED FLAXIN THE CONTEXT OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
P.Yu. Latartsev ◽  
◽  
O.I. Antonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Consumption ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The study of the content and removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by linseed flax plants of the oilseed variety Severniy showed that more nitrogen and phosphorus accumulated in seeds, and potassium -in straw. The average content levels in seeds were as follow-ing: N -4.79%, P2O5 -0.79%, K2O -1.05% as compared to respective levels in straw: 0.64%, 0.1% and 1.73%. When applying fertilizers, the content of all nutrients in the straw decreases, and in the seeds it mainly remains at the con-trol level. Due to the higher crop yields in all fertilized vari-ants, the removal of phosphorus and potassium exceeds the control; and nitrogen removal –in the variants with a higher rate of nitrogen application. With seeds, an average of 87-87.8% of nitrogen and phosphorus and 37.3% of potassium from the total removal is removed from the field. Increased rate of nitrogen application contributes to greater consumption of not only nitrogen but also phosphorus and potassium. The rates of nitrogen application in the experi-ments do not compensate for its yield removal with seeds; that requires increased nitrogen application against the background of phosphorus-containing fertilizers.

OPTIMUM LEAF LEVELS OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM IN SWEET CORN AND SNAP BEANS

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. MacKay ◽  
J. S. Leefe
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Regression Curves ◽  
Snap Beans ◽  
Flower Stage ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Optimum nutrient levels were derived by comparing the polynomial regression curves relating leaf analyses and crop yields with rates of applied nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Uppermost mature leaves were used for analysis, and samples were collected at specific physiological stages of development.In two seasons the optimum levels in sweet corn differed by 7, 25 and 9 per cent, and in snap beans by 12, 29 and 11 per cent for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium respectively. A low moisture supply was generally associated with lower optimum levels for all three nutrients, but "excess" moisture had only slight effects on these levels for any nutrient.Optimum nutrient levels which were calculated from ample moisture conditions were, for the tassel-emerging stage of sweet corn, 3.5, 0.38 and 2.5 per cent, and at the early flower stage of snap beans 5.1, 0.40 and 2.0 per cent for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively. At the sixth to seventh leaf stage of sweet corn optimum levels were higher for nitrogen and potassium but lower for phosphorus (3.8, 3.1 and 0.34 per cent respectively), and at the pollen-shedding stage the levels were only slightly different than at tassel-emergence.

scholarly journals The use of biologically active substances in the composition of organic fertilizers in the cultivation of tomatoes in greenhouses

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 06022
Author(s):  
Maria Selivanova ◽  
Timur Aysanov ◽  
Elena Romanenko ◽  
Elena Mironova ◽  
Natalia Esaulko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Average Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Active Substances

The purpose of the research is to study the effect of biologically active substances in organic fertilizers on the productivity of tomato Sherami F1 in a winter greenhouse. The production experience was laid in a winter glazed greenhouse, which is located in the sixth light zone.The objects of research were cherry tomato plants Sherami F1, organic fertilizers 5AP, Maxifol Rutfarm, Nutrimir 4-4-10, Quick-Link. In the experiment, the average plant growth per week, the height of the plants, the number of leaves, the number of brushes collected and the average weight of the fetus, the chemical composition of the plants and yield were determined. The largest growth in a week and the tallest plants were obtained with Quick-Link; the most brushes collected and the largest fruits - when applying fertilizer 5AP. The use of organic fertilizers contributed to the better absorption of macronutrients by tomato plants from a nutrient solution: the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaves and fruits increased relative to the control. When using biologically active substances in organomineral fertilizers, tomato productivity increased by 1.1-2.7 kg/m2 compared to the control, and the biochemical composition of the fruits improved.

scholarly journals Influence of irrigation and fertilizer rate on changing the nutritional regime of mixed crops (sorghum and pea) soil on stubble

2021 ◽  
Vol 344 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-139
Author(s):  
E. R. Allahverdiyev ◽  
D. A. Isayeva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nutrient Regime ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Mixed Crops ◽  
Formation Phase

Relevance. The article quotes questions of the influence of fertilizer rates and the number of irrigations on the change in the nutrient regime of the soil when growing mixed crops of pea and sorgho in the conditions of the Karabakh zone of Azerbaijan. In this regard, one of the main issues considered was the development on a scientific and practical basis of the nature of changes in the nutrient regime of the soil and the effect of optimal fertilizer rates and the number of irrigations on crop yields in mixed crops in long-irrigated gray meadow soils.Methods. To study the effect of irrigation and fertilizer rates in mixed crops on changes in the nutrient regime of the soil, soil samples were taken from two soil layers (0-30 and 30-60 cm) after cutting. In the soil samples taken, compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium that are readily absorbed by plants were analyzed.Results. Analysis of soil samples shows that the application of mineral and organic fertilizers against the background of different amounts of irrigation fundamentally affects the effective fertility of the soil. In general, in the phase of flowering and panicle formation under the influence of irrigation and fertilizers, effective soil fertility was observed compared to the control variant without fertilizing, which remained at a sufficient amount. And this indicates that the plant showed a high demand for this nutrient. The decrease in the number of nutrients in the panicle formation phase indicates its connection with the removal of high yields. Analysis of soil samples during the study shows that the introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers against a background of varying amounts of irrigation has fundamentally affected the effective soil fertility.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document