scholarly journals The Pattern and Causes of Neonatal Mortality in a Tertiary Hospital in the Southwest of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kareem Abiodun John ◽  
Fasoranti Ifedayo Olabisi ◽  
Alonge Abel Olumuyiwa ◽  
Kareem Adesola Olawumi ◽  
Bewaji Temitayo Olubunmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

Background: The neonatal mortality rate remains high in developing countries despite the significant reduction in under-five mortality globally. Therefore, periodic evaluations on the causes of mortality are an aspect of health status, which could be performed to improve the neonatal mortality rate. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the pattern and causes of neonatal mortality in the Federal Medical Center in Owo, Ondo State, Southwest Nigeria. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted using the hospital records of the neonates admitted over a five-year period from 1st of January 2015 to 31st of December 2019. Results: In total, 2,065 neonates were admitted, including 208 cases of neonatal deaths. Mortality occurred in 127 males (61.1%) and 81 females (38.9%), with the male-to-female ratio of 1.6:1. Among the recorded deaths, 114 cases (54.8%) occurred within the first 24 hours of admission, while 94 neonates (45.2%) died after 24 hours of admission. In addition, the mortality rate was higher among outborn neonates (n = 120; 57.7%) compared to inborn neonates (n = 88; 42.3%). The major causes of neonatal deaths included birth asphyxia (46.6%), prematurity (23.1%), and sepsis (17.8%). The overall mortality rate over the five-year period was 10.1%, which is equivalent to 19 deaths per 1,000 live births. Conclusions: According to the results, preventable diseases such as birth asphyxia, prematurity, and sepsis remain the major causes of neonatal mortality, of which neonatal deaths occur mostly within 24 hours of admission.

scholarly journals Disease Burden of Neonatal Care Unit at Al-Bayda Medical Center Al-Bayda Libya

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-279
Author(s):  
Kamala O. Younis ◽  
Wafa J. Saed
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Care Unit

This research was conducted to determine the number, disease pattern, and outcome of the patients admitted at the Neonatal Care Unit (NCU) at Al-Bayda  medical center (AMC) in Libya. A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on all neonates admitted to the NCU between January 2008 and December 2008. The collected data include age, gender, mode and site of delivery, number of gestations, maturity, duration of stay, cause of admission, and outcome. Total infants delivered were 10075, 620 (6.1%) of them were admitted to NCU with a (6.15%) admission rate, 56.5% were male and 43.5% were female, of whom 613 (98.9%) were inborn and 519 (83.7%) were term neonates; 523 (84.4%) of total born were by normal vaginal delivery (NVD). 48.7% of total admissions occurred during the first 24 hours of life. The average length of hospital stay for term births was 5.6 days (SD 5.4) and for preterm 8.7 days (SD 8.55). The common causes of admission were neonatal jaundice (29.3%), followed by neonatal infections (17.6%) were prematurity accounts for (16.3%), and respiratory distress (11.1%). The majority of the admitted neonates improved and were discharged 517 (83.4%), 37(6%) left against medical advice (LAMA) and nineteen (3%) were referred to other specialized hospitals for further management. The neonatal mortality rate was 0.4%, and the overall hospital neonatal mortality rate was 7.6%. According to the cause-specific death rate analysis, prematurity was the most common cause of death (29.8%), followed by sepsis (17%) and birth asphyxia (12.8%). In conclusion, neonatal jaundice, infection, and prematurity complications were the leading causes of morbidity in neonates. The case-fatality rate was high for prematurity, sepsis, and birth asphyxia. Most of these etiologies are preventable to some extent by regular prenatal visits, healthy delivery practices, and timely referral to hospitals which can reduce NCU burden and improve outcomes

Neonatal Mortality Rate in Aseptic Neonatal Care Unit of Al-Sadder Teaching Hospital in Missan Province From 2011 to 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (27) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Esraa Abd Al-Muhsen Ali
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Neonatal Care Unit

Background: The neonatal mortality rate is a key outcome indicator for newborn care and directly reflects prenatal, natal, and postnatal care. Early neonatal deaths are more closely associated with pregnancy-related factors and maternal health, whereas late neonatal deaths are associated more with factors in the newborn‘s environment. Objectives: To estimate the neonatal mortality rate in Aseptic Neonatal Care Unit of Al-Sadder Teaching Hospital in Missan Province during period (2011-2014). To determine the most common causes of death in the neonatal period. Patients and methods: A hospital-based study was done depending on data collected from records of the Aseptic Neonatal Care Unit of Al-Sadder Teaching Hospital in Missan Province to calculate the number of deaths within the neonatal period (0-28 days) that was conducted from 2011 to 2014. The other line of data was collected from Obstetrical Ward by calculating number of live births for the same period. Then Neonatal Mortality Rate is calculated and conducted for each year according to the method recommended by WHO. Results: The neonatal mortality rates were 12.15, 13.51, 16.37 and16.11 in 2011 to 2014 respectively in which there was an increment in mortality rate. The main causes of death were respiratory distress syndrome, birth asphyxia and congenital anomalies. Conclusion: Neonatal mortality rate was high in the Aseptic Neonatal Care Unit of Al-Sadder Teaching Hospital, but it was less than the previous period in Iraq since 1990. These results suggest, that to decrease neonatal mortality, improved health service quality is crucial.

scholarly journals Density Estimation of Neonatal Mortality Rate Using Empirical Bayes Deconvolution with Poisson Distributed Surrogate in Central Java Province Indonesia

2020 ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Fevi Novkaniza ◽  
Khairil Anwar Notodiputro ◽  
I Wayan Mangku ◽  
Kusman Sadik
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Density Estimation ◽  
Poisson Distribution ◽  
Empirical Bayes ◽  
Prior Density ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Central Java Province

This article is concerned with the density estimation of Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) in Central Java Province, Indonesia. Neonatal deaths contribute to 73% of infant deaths in Central Java Province. The number of neonatal deaths for 35 districts/municipalities in Central Java Province is considered as Poisson distributed surrogate with NMR as the rate of Poisson distribution. It is assumed that each number of neonatal deaths by district/municipality in Central Java Province were realizations of unobserved NMR, which come from unknown prior density. We applied the Empirical Bayes Deconvolution (EBD) method for estimating the unknown prior density of NMR based on Poisson distributed surrogate. We used secondary data from the Health Profiles of Central Java Province, Indonesia, in 2018. The density estimation of NMR by the EBD method showed that the resulting prior estimate is relatively close to the Gamma distribution based on Poisson surrogate. This is implying that the suitability of the obtained prior density estimation as a conjugate prior for Poisson distribution.

Retrospective analysis of neonatal deaths secondary to infections in England and Wales, 2013–2015

2020 ◽  
pp. fetalneonatal-2020-319093
Author(s):  
Godwin Oligbu ◽  
Leila Ahmed ◽  
Laura Ferraras-Antolin ◽  
Shamez Ladhani
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Related Mortality

ObjectiveTo estimate the overall and infection-related neonatal mortality rate and the pathogens responsible using electronic death registrations.DesignRetrospective analysis of national electronic death registrations data.SettingEngland and Wales.PatientsNeonates aged <28 days.Main outcome measuresOverall and infection-related mortality rate per 1000 live births in term, preterm (28–36 weeks) and extremely preterm (<28 weeks) neonates; the contribution of infections and specific pathogens; comparison with mortality rates in 2003–2005.ResultsThe neonatal mortality rate during 2013–2015 (2.4/1000 live births; 5095 deaths) was 31% lower than in 2003–2005 (3.5/1000; 6700 deaths). Infection-related neonatal mortality rate in 2013–2015 (0.32/1000; n=669) was 20% lower compared with 2003–2015 (0.40/1000; n=768), respectively. Infections were responsible for 13.1% (669/5095) of neonatal deaths during 2013–2015 and 11.5% (768/6700) during 2003–2005. Of the infection-related deaths, 44.2% (296/669) were in term, 19.9% (133/669) preterm and 35.9% (240/669) extremely preterm neonates. Compared with term infants (0.15/1000 live births), infection-related mortality rate was 5.9-fold (95% CI 4.7 to 7.2) higher in preterm (0.90/1000) and 188-fold (95% CI 157 to 223) higher in extremely preterm infants (28.7/1000) during 2013–2015. A pathogen was recorded in 448 (67%) registrations: 400 (89.3%) were bacterial, 37 (8.3%) viral and 11 (2.4%) fungal. Group B streptococcus (GBS) was reported in 30.4% (49/161) of records that specified a bacterial infection and 7.3% (49/669) of infection-related deaths.ConclusionsOverall and infection-related neonatal mortality rates have declined, but the contribution of infection and of specific pathogens has not changed. Further preventive measures, including antenatal GBS vaccine may be required to prevent the single most common cause of infection-related deaths in neonates.

scholarly journals A community based study of neonatal mortality in Aligarh by using verbal autopsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2491
Author(s):  
Ambren Chauhan ◽  
M. Salman Shah ◽  
Najam Khalique ◽  
Uzma Eram
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Live Births

Background:Neonatal mortality rate is regarded as an important and sensitive indicator of the health status of a community. Children face the highest risk of dying in their first month of life. The present study was aimed to 1) determine the prevalence of neonatal mortality rate 2) identify socio-biological factors in relation to neonatal mortality.3) determine the causes of neonatal mortality. Methods:A community based cross sectional study was conducted in the field practice areas of Department of Community Medicine, AMU, Aligarh. All the live births and all neonatal deaths were taken for one year from June 2016 to May 2017. A standard Verbal autopsy questionnaire (WHO 2012) was used as a study tool. Results:The prevalence of neonatal mortality rate was38.2/1000 live births. The early neonatal mortality rate was 28.3/1000 live births and late neonatal mortality rate was 9.9/1000 live births. The associated socio –biological factors were gender [OR-2.381, 95% CI-1.037-5.468], birth order [OR-4.090, 95% CI-1.119-14.946] and gestational age [OR-12.62, 95% CI-3.26-48.82]. The leading causes of deaths among newborns were preterm births (22.2%), birth asphyxia (22.2%), other causes (19%), ARI (14.3%), congenital anomalies (14.3%) and diarrhoeaandneonatal sepsis accounted for (4.8%) each. Conclusions: The neonatal mortality rate assessed by verbal autopsy is higher than nationally reported. Most of the deaths were in early neonatal period. There is a need for programs encouraging the use of antenatal care, encouraging institutional deliveries and care of LBW neonates; as well as implementation of community-based newborn survival strategies.

scholarly journals Retrospective assessment of neonatal morbidity and mortality in the special care baby unit of a private health facility in Benue State, North Central Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-357
Author(s):  
M.O. Ochoga ◽  
R.O. Abah ◽  
A. Michael ◽  
L.E. Yaguo Ide ◽  
R. Onalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Special Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Special Care Baby Unit

Background: Newborn morbidity and mortality have remained unacceptably high in developing countries despite consistent efforts at controlling  the scourge. Unlike in developed countries where neonatal mortality rate ranges between 1 and 5 per 1000 live births, average neonatal mortality rate in Nigeria is 36 per 1000 live births. The majority of the causes of death are largely preventable with timely low cost interventions. This study was structured to determine the pattern of morbidity and mortality amongst babies admitted in the Special Care Baby Unit of Madonna hospital Makurdi, Nigeria.Methods: The records of neonates admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) over a tenyear period (2005-2015) were retrospectively reviewed. Information obtained included the sex, age at admission, gestational age, birth weight, reasons for admission and outcome of treatment.Results: A total of 1,121 babies were admitted during the period under review. The male female ratio was 1.2:1.The majority of the babies were aged between 2-7 days with a mean 6.17.+ 7.01 The mean weight on admission was 2807+907g. Neonatal sepsis, jaundice, low birth weight and birthasphyxia were the most common morbidities. The overall mortalityrate was 14.1%; however, proportionate mortality due to low birth weight was highest (26.4%), followed by tetanus (23.5%), asphyxia (20.8%), Respiratory tract infection (13.8%), meningitis (13.3%), sepsis (10.3%), jaundice (9.6%), and diarhoea (4.0%)Conclusion: Neonatal mortality rate in the study was high. The major causes of admission are preventable. Strengthening perinatal care, emergency obstetric care services and neonatal resuscitation skills are necessary to reduce the neonatal mortality. Key words: Neonate, Morbidity, Mortality, Nigeria 

Determination of neonatal case-specific fatality rates in a tertiary health institution in North Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. I. Audu ◽  
A. T. Otuneye ◽  
A. B. Mairami ◽  
M. Mukhtar-Yola ◽  
L. J. Mshelia
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Mortality Pattern ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

Abstract Background The current neonatal mortality rate in Nigeria (37/1000) is among the highest in the world and the major causes have consistently been reported as sepsis, perinatal asphyxia and prematurity. However, case-specific fatality which defines the risk of dying from these and other neonatal morbidities is rarely emphasized. Determination of case-specific fatality rates (CSFR) may inform a change in our current approach to neonatal care interventions which may eventually bring about the much-needed reduction in our neonatal mortality rate. Our aim was to determine the case-specific fatality rates for the common causes of mortality among hospitalized neonates at the National Hospital Abuja (NHA). Methods Relevant demographic and clinical data on all neonates admitted into the NICU at the NHA over a period of 13 months (January 2017 to February 2018) were extracted from the Neonatal Registry database and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods with the SPSS version 20 software. The case-specific fatality rates were computed for the predominant morbidities in addition to determination of the neonatal mortality rates and associated risk factors. Results and conclusion A total of 730 neonates were admitted, out of which 391 (53.6%) were females, 396 (54.5%) were inborn and 396 (54.2%) were term. The three most prevalent morbidities were prematurity 272(37.2%), neonatal Jaundice 208(28.4%) and perinatal asphyxia 91(12.5%) while the most common causes of mortality were prematurity 47/113(41.6%), congenital malformations 27/113(23.9%) and perinatal asphyxia 26/113(23%). Congenital malformations had the highest case-specific fatality 27/83(32.5%) followed by Perinatal Asphyxia 26/91(28.6%) and prematurity 47/272(20.7%). The mortality pattern differed between inborn and out born babies. Implications of these case-specific fatality rates for targeted interventions are discussed.

From single-case analysis of neonatal deaths toward a further reduction of the neonatal mortality rate

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Sander ◽  
Roland Wauer
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Key Indicator

Abstract Background The infant mortality rate (IMR), a key indicator of the quality of a healthcare system, has remained at approximately 3.5‰ for the past 10 years in Germany. Generic quality indicators (QIs), as used in Germany since 2010, greatly help in ensuring such a good value but do not seem to be able to further reduce the IMR. The neonatal mortality rate (NMR) contributes to 65–70% of the IMR. We therefore propose single-case analysis of neonatal deaths as an additional method and show an efficient way to implement this approach. Methods We used the Nordic-Baltic classification (NBC) to detect avoidable neonatal deaths. We applied this classification to a sample of 1968 neonatal death records, which represent over 90% of all neonatal deaths in East Berlin from 1973 to 1989. All cases were analyzed as to their preventability based on the complete perinatal and clinical data by a special commission of different experts. The NBC was automatically applied through natural language processing and an ontology-based terminology server. Results The NBC was used to select the group of cases that had a high potential of avoidance. The selected group represented 6.0% of all cases, and 60.4% of the cases within that group were judged avoidable or conditionally avoidable. The automatic detection of malformations showed an F1 score of 0.94. Conclusion The results show that our method can be applied automatically and is a powerful and highly specific tool for selecting potentially avoidable neonatal deaths and thus for supporting efficient single-case analysis.

scholarly journals The Trends of Neonatal Mortality Rate Among South East Asia Countries from 2000-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Sani Rachman Soleman
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health System ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
The Other ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate

Background: Neonatal MortalityRate (NMR) reflects the quality of health services provided by the government. It is very important to disclose the health system capability of each country in managing mother and child health programs because it is an essential health policy that should be prioritized.  The health system capability of a country will determine the welfare and social guarantee because most of NMR causes are preventable. Several components such as maternal factors, neonatal and health services were determined as predictors of NMR. The objective of this study is to compare neonatal mortality trends among eight South East Asia Countries (SEAC) from 2000 to 2017. Method: A cross-sectional design was used to analyze the data regarding the causes of neonatal death between 2000 and 2017. Data were taken from World Health Organization Maternal Child Epidemiology Estimation (WHO MCEE) database.The collected data were live birth; neonatal mortality rate; and the big five of neonatal mortality etiologies in the eight SEAC.  Data were then analyzed descriptively with line chart to describe the trend of NMR. Result: This study found that Indonesia  had the highest neonatal mortality rate, yet the trend decreased gradually from 102.700 in 2000 to 60.986 in 2017, followed by Philippines, Vietnam, Myanmar, Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, and Malaysia respectively.  On the other hand, the trend of live birth was the lowest in Indonesia  and the highest in Philippines . According to the data regarding the leading cause of NMR, preterm birth was the major cause of neonatal mortality followed by birth asphyxia and congenital defects. Conclusion: Indonesia has the highest mortality rate, yet the etiology such as as premature birth, asphyxia, and congenital disorder is similar to the other eight countries.

scholarly journals Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in intensive care unit (ICU) of Ardabil city hospitals and related factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4531
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Mirzarahimi ◽  
Afsaneh Enteshari- Moghaddam ◽  
Sepideh Khademi
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

Background: Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is one of the important parameters in assessing quality of life in societies. NMR are often used as a standard index for evaluation health, education and social systems, nutritional status and health programs for neonates in countries and the first step in reducing mortality rate and promoting the level of this indicator is to identify the causes of mortality. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the NMR in new born infants admitted to the ICU of Ardabil city hospitals.Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that has been done on 184 dead neonates in Ardabil city hospital during 2016-2017. The necessary information was extracted from the hospital records of neonates and entered in a provided checklist and then analyzed by statistical methods such as tables in SPSS version 19.Results: The mortality rate of hospitalized infants in this research was 6.6%. Of all patients, in 65.2% CBC were impaired and 58.7% of patients had impaired serologic and biochemical tests. 68.5% of patients had prematurity, 62.5% RDS and 20.7% had congenital anomalies.Conclusions: Prematurity, RDS and congenital anomalies are the most important causes of NMR and we should programing to decreasing the NMR rate in future.

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