The influence of the main financial resources of non-profit sport organisations on their strategy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Honcová
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
External Resources ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
The Public ◽  
Strategic Process ◽  
Different Types

Non-profit organisations play a critical role in many societies because they fulfill the needs in areas that are not covered by the public or private sector. The primary purpose of all non-profit organisations is not generating income and, in most cases, the income from their own activities is not enough to survive. Therefore, they are forced to look for additional ways of funding and are dependent on them. These types of financial resources can be divided into two main groups – internal and external resources. Income from own activities and member-ship fees can be an example of internal resources. Subsidies from the state or municipalities, sponsorship money, and donations are part of organisations’ external resources. The main aim of this paper is to reveal the influence of different types of financial resources of non-profit sport organisations on their strategy. The article applies general findings for non-profit organ-isations from the paper of Stone, Bigelov, and Crittenden (1999) on “Research on strategic management in non-profit organisations” on the organisations from the sport area. Funding and financial resources may influence the components of a strategic process: formulation, content, and implementation. This paper focuses on the extent in which funding and financial resources affect the organisation’s strategic management and describes the influence of different types of financial resources on non-profit sport organisations’ strategy by reviewing a range of studies on the strategic process and funding of non-profit organizations that are applicable in sports. The article summarizes different findings and issues that have been de-scribed and published in the pre-reviewed academic journals with no restriction on the date of the issue.

Accessing resources for service innovation – the critical role of network relationships

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Rusanen ◽  
Aino Halinen ◽  
Elina Jaakkola
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Resource Access ◽  
Content Type ◽  
External Resources ◽  
Different Types

Purpose – This paper aims to explore how companies access resources through network relationships when developing service innovations. The paper identifies the types of resource that companies seek from other actors and examines the nature of relationships and resource access strategies that can be applied to access each type of resource. Design/methodology/approach – A longitudinal, multi-case study is conducted in the field of technical business-to-business (b-to-b) services. An abductive research strategy is applied to create a new theoretical understanding of resource access. Findings – Companies seek a range of resources through different types of network relationships for service innovation. Four types of resource access strategies were identified: absorption, acquisition, sharing, and co-creation. The findings show how easily transferable resources can be accessed through weak relationships and low-intensity collaboration. Access to resources that are difficult to transfer, instead, necessitates strong relationships and high-intensity collaboration. Research limitations/implications – The findings are valid for technical b-to-b services, but should also be tested for other kinds of innovations. Future research should also study how actors integrate the resources gained through networks in the innovation process. Practical implications – Managers should note that key resources for service innovation may be accessible through a variety of actors and relationships ranging from formal arrangements to miscellaneous social contacts. To make use of tacit resources such as knowledge, firms need to engage in intensive collaboration. Originality/value – Despite attention paid to network relationships, innovation collaboration, and external resources, previous research has neither linked these issues nor studied their mutual contingencies. This paper provides a theoretical model that characterizes the service innovation resources accessible through different types of relationships and access strategies.

Beyond the Grey Zone: Organization Research Publishing and Bibliodiversity in the Research Communication System

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Academic Publishing ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Communication ◽  
Industry Sectors

Research publishing involves the production, use and management of research in a variety of genres and formats by commercial and non-profit academic publishers, and by organizations in government, civil society, university and industry sectors. However discussion of research publishing mainly tends to focus on the production and circulation of peer-reviewed academic journals and to a lesser extent books produced by commercial academic publishers. Research reports and papers produced by organizations outside the formal publishing system play a critical role in the research and development (R&D) system, yet they are often overlooked in studies on open scholarship and research communication. This is partly due to a lack of terminology to adequately describe the diverse publishing practices of organizations which operate across a spectrum from formal to informal economic activity. In this article I define and contextualise research publishing by organizations in relation to other forms of academic publishing and recent calls for greater bibliodiversity in scholarly communication. Commonly used terms such as ‘grey literature’ or ‘unpublished literature’ are inadequate to describe and account for the proliferation and importance of diverse research genres and formats able to be produced, published and disseminated in print and online by think tanks, government agencies, industry bodies and research centres. By taking a more holistic, systems-oriented approach to research publishing we can begin to understand the diverse actors, institutions and practices involved in knowledge production and develop appropriate policies, infrastructure and management practices to support an effective, efficient, equitable, credible and sustainable research knowledge commons in the public interest.

MPA Graduates and the Dilemma of Job Satisfaction: Does Crossing the Sector Line Make a Difference

1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barrie E. Blunt ◽  
Kris Anne Spring
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Work Satisfaction ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Employment ◽  
State Regional

This study examines levels of job satisfaction for MPA graduates employed in the public, private, and non-profit sectors. Findings are based on a survey and indicate that MPA graduates derive greater satisfaction with pay and promotion opportunities in the private sector than in the public or non-profit sectors. No significant differences were noted between the sectors with regard to work satisfaction or satisfaction with supervisor or co-workers. Further, no differences in levels of satisfaction were noted between four categories of public sector employment; federal, state, regional, or local.

Promoting Entrepreneurial Culture in the University

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isidro de Pablo ◽  
Fernando Alfaro ◽  
Miriam Rodriguez ◽  
Esperanza Valdés
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Triple Helix Model ◽  
Entrepreneurial Culture ◽  
Corporate Foundations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The University

This paper presents a case of collaboration between different types of public services and the private sector for the promotion of an entrepreneurial culture. This collaboration is achieved by means of a centre established and developed by the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, the Centro de Iniciativas Emprendedoras (the Centre for Entrepreneurial Initiatives, CIADE). Since its creation CIADE has, because of a lack of university-allocated financial resources, been collaborating with a wide range of organizations in accordance with the Triple Helix model, including three levels of public administration (national, regional and local), several private businesses and different corporate civic bodies (mostly corporate foundations). CIADE's principal, distinctive attributes, with regard to the Triple Helix, are collaboration, self-financing, project management and a horizontal hierarchical structure which allows rapid accommodation of and adaptation to the changing circumstances of its environment.

scholarly journals Initiative for Promoting Affordable and Quality Tuberculosis Tests (IPAQT): a market-shaping intervention in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. e001539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harkesh Dabas ◽  
Sarang Deo ◽  
Manisha Sabharwal ◽  
Arnab Pal ◽  
Sachin Salim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
High Volume ◽  
High Price ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Market Shaping

A majority of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in India are diagnosed and treated in the private sector. Yet, most private providers do not use most recent WHO-endorsed microbiological tests such as liquid cultures, line probe assays and Xpert MTB/RIF due to a combination of factors such as lack of awareness, misaligned incentives and high prices that are unaffordable for patients. We designed a market-based approach to transform a high-price, low-volume market equilibrium into a low-price, high-volume equilibrium to improve the uptake of these tests. Toward this end, a non-profit consortium of private laboratories, called Initiative for Promoting Affordable and Quality Tuberculosis Tests (IPAQT) was formed in India in March 2013. It negotiated lower pricing on equipment and reagents with manufacturers, closer to that offered to the public sector. In return, IPAQT assured that this discount was passed on to patients, who typically paid for these tests out of their pockets, through an informally agreed on retail ceiling price. IPAQT also invested in demand generation activities that complemented the supply-side effort. IPAQT membership grew from 56 laboratories in 2013 to 211 in 2018. During this period, the initiative resulted in a 10-fold increase in the uptake of Xpert and a 30%–50% reduction in price. This initiative is planned to be expanded to other South Asian countries with similar TB epidemic and private market structure and dynamics. However, long-term sustainability of the initiative would require developing more cost-effective marketing activities and integration with broader private sector engagement agenda of the national TB programme.

scholarly journals Is Affordability and Accessibility All It Takes?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Gregory ◽  
Michael Ogundeji ◽  
Aarti Srivastava ◽  
Bianca Vanier ◽  
Sailly Dave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Market Share ◽  
General Public ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Sustainability Issue

The Affordable Medicine Facility – malaria (AMFm) was a pilot project established to subsidize quality-assured artemisinin-based combination therapies (QAACTs) in eight malaria-endemic African regions: Kenya, Uganda, Ghana, Niger, Nigeria, Madagascar, Tanzania (mainland) and Zanzibar. The objectives of the program were to increase the affordability and availability of artemisimin-based combination therapies (ACT), as well as the market share relative to other less effective antimalarial medicines. Overall, the AMFm program had a greater impact in the private-for-profit sector than the public sector. In general, public services do not work as well as their private counterparts in most countries. Inadequate services in remote areas necessitate prohibitively long journeys to access resources and care. In general, the private sector was able to provide supplies of ACTs, as long as it was profitable. Seven countries showed significant increases in availability in the private sector, six regions had significant decreases in QAACT cost, with declines ranging from $1.28 to $4.82, and all eight regions had increases in market share. Impact in remote regions was substantial, with 60% (Ghana) and 48.5% (Kenya) of facilities in remote areas stocking QAACTs. Negotiations with manufacturers, the involvement of the private sector, and supporting interventions were critical in the success of AMFm. The AMFm pilot project then transitioned into a private sector co-payment mechanism involving only six countries. The AMFm program was not sustainable due to the enormous costs of the program, potentially due to unnecessary and excessive orders of ACTs, with an estimated total of 500 million USD. Fixing this sustainability issue would make a program such as this one more applicable to other malaria-endemic countries, which have limited financial resources.

scholarly journals Motivation and Life Satisfaction of Employees in the Public and Private Sectors

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julija Peklar ◽  
Eva Boštjančič
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Intrinsic Motivation ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Gender And Education ◽  
Different Types

Work motivation is the steering of human activity towards a desired objective by means of motives generated internally in a person or in his or her environment, on the basis of his or her needs. The aim of this research was to verify whether the different types of work motivation employees reported in their work were influenced by sector, job, gender and education, and to assess how the different types of motivation are linked to life satisfaction. The research involved the participation of 288 employees – 153 in the private sector and 116 in the public sector (19 did not specify). The results show that among all employees the most distinctly expressed factor is intrinsic motivation. No differences in any type of motivation were observed between sectors; between managers in the public and private sectors there were no statistically significant differences in either extrinsic motivation or intrinsic motivation or in life satisfaction.

Peace and the private sector: Northern Ireland’s regional experience of globalised trends

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katy Hayward ◽  
Eoin Magennis
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Peace Process ◽  
State Level ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sustainable Peace

Chapter nine explores the role of NGOs in assessing business and the private sector in promoting peace in Northern Ireland. Analyses of Northern Ireland’s peace process tend to concentrate on the public or non-profit sector. The role of the private sector has been more or less ignored. The lack of scholarly focus may reflect the traditional gap in comprehension and cooperation between business and peace. This, however, is changing. Liberal IR assumptions about the spillover effects of economic development have morphed into analysis of the potential for globalisation to improve international connections, thus making the recourse to violence less likely. At a sub-state level, the same liberal premises are present in the concept of business-based peacebuilding, which identifies a natural complementarity between the objectives of private sector actors and the maintenance of a stable, sustainable peace.

scholarly journals The methodology of BSC system in strategic management of non-profit organization in the globalization process

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 09007
Author(s):  
Eva Kicová ◽  
Oľga Poniščiaková
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Public ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Non Profit Organizations ◽  
System Methodology

Research background: If globalization presents really a new and not reversible process that creates a more homogenous world, strategies of enterprises should appropriate to this phenomenon, too. European legislation has significantly contributed to the creation of the mutual market and increasing freedom of movement of services within the European Union. This paper examines the issue of using the BSC system methodology in the strategic management of a selected non-profit organization. The aim is to explain the importance and essence of the BSC system methodology in the strategic management of a non-profit organization, to analyse the application and knowledge of the BSC system methodology in practice of selected organizations in Slovakia and apply the essence of the method in strategic management of selected non-profit organizations. The non-profit organizations are an important part of the public sector, which in the form of various activities, in particular the providing of various services, performs tasks related to addressing manifestations of market imbalances. In contrast to the “traditional” business sector (profit sector), the task of the non-profit sector is not to generate profit but to provide consumer tasks. Purpose of the article: The objective of the article is to clarify and present the specifics of functioning and management of non-profit organizations in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. Methods: During the elaboration of the paper, the methods of compilation of analysis, synthesis and description were used on the basis of the search of the relevant literature. Part of the paper is a survey, which we conducted through a questionnaire on a selected sample of non-profit organizations in the Slovak Republic. Findings & Value added: The results of the survey we have transported into general practice recommendations for non-profit organizations to improve their operating in the conditions of Slovakia while accepting the process of globalization.

Looking for Better Options

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-136
Author(s):  
Dan Breznitz
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
Private Industry ◽  
The Public ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Multiple Case Studies

But how should a community manage its efforts? Locales seeking to promote innovation-based growth must think carefully not only about the needed actions, but also about the public agencies chosen to lead them. Strikingly, there has been almost no research on how to design and develop innovation agencies. Further, anyone who wants to model innovation agencies on the example of successful organizations could be forgiven for ending in utter confusion. Effective innovation agencies include large, powerful, central organizations as well as small, lightly funded ones. Some innovation agencies have clear technological objectives and manage much of the research themselves, whereas others have delegated these decisions to private sector actors. In short, there is considerable variation, with no clear lessons. The chapter cuts through this fog by demonstrating that the different designs of innovation agencies are similar to the different innovation models needed to excel in different stages of production, and each of which necessitates different set of capabilities. Effective institutional design thus depends on an agency’s mission or the specific type of innovation it seeks to pursue. The chapter distinguishes among four different types of innovation agencies, illustrated by multiple case studies: “directed upgraders,” “productivity facilitators,” “state-led disruptors,” and “transformation enablers.” These categories reflect different choices concerning (i) the level of public sector R&D involvement, (ii) the positioning of the agencies within the public sector, and (iii) the degree of embedding within private industry. Building on these case studies, the chapter discusses the implications for communities as they plan their innovation-based future.

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