scholarly journals Poblamiento y espacio regado en el sureste de la Huerta de Murcia. Efectos de la DANA de los días 12 y 13 de septiembre de 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Muñoz Garre ◽  
José María Gómez Espín
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Drainage Networks ◽  
Initial Hypothesis ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
River City ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
The City ◽  
Local Base ◽  
Modelo Económico

En el llano de crecida del Segura, en la Depresión Prelitoral, se asientan la Ciudad y Huerta de Murcia. Del siglo IX al XIX, la pequeña agrociudad estaba fosilizada por el río y la huerta. La regulación del Segura y el cambio de modelo económico (más industrias y servicios) facilitan el desarrollo poblacional, así como la expansión de la ciudad y de las pedanías a costa de la huerta.  La hipótesis de partida es que la mayor parte del paisaje histórico, construido en la relación río-ciudad-huerta, es hoy un espacio rural periurbano de escaso valor económico, pero de alto valor patrimonial. Y que el sector sureste de la Huerta de Murcia conserva su valor socioeconómico, al permitir al agricultor-regante vivir del cultivo de la tierra. La DANA de los días 12 y 13 de septiembre de 2019, plantea la vulnerabilidad de este espacio y de las gentes que viven en él, por el modo de ocupación del poblamiento, la distribución de las redes de riego y drenaje, el trazado de grandes infraestructuras y la localización de equipamientos. A pesar del Plan de Defensa contra Avenidas, continua la rotura de las motas del río (trenques) y la inundación del llano por los turbiones de cuencas vertientes de los flancos que convergen al nivel de base local. Esta situación de crecida e inundación obliga a una reordenación del territorio. City and Huerta of Murcia are settled on the Segura floodplain, in the Murcian Prelitoral Depression. From IX to XIX centuries, the small agro-city was constrained by the river and the Huerta. The regulation of Segura River and the change of economic model (more industries and services) eased population development, as well as the expansion of the city and districts at the expense of the Huerta. The initial hypothesis is that most of the historical landscape, built in the river-city-garden connection, is today a peri-urban rural space of little economic value, but of high heritage value. Likewise, southeastern sector of Huerta de Murcia retains its socioeconomic value, by allowing the irrigating farmer to live off the cultivation of the land. The 12-13 September 2019 ‘cold front’ shows the vulnerability of this space and people, due to the way of occupation of the population, the distribution of irrigation and drainage networks, the layout of large infrastructure and equipment location. Despite the Flood Defense Plan, the breaking of the river's hillocks (trenques) and the flooding of the plain by the rainwater of watersheds that converge at the local base. This flood situation forces a reorganization of the territory.

scholarly journals Crisis of the city as an idea on the example of structural transformation of housing development. Urban agriculture as an antidote for suburbanization

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00055
Author(s):  
Justyna Kleszcz
Keyword(s):  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Dense Tissue ◽  
The City

The paper aims to present the phenomenon of transgression of contemporary urban living space as the main manifestation of the crisis of urbanity idea through forming new spatial units defining the city in relation to extra-urban functions. Due to the rapidly progressing process of urbanization, cities are beginning to occupy every available space in large parts of the world. That is why the idea of a closed city is becoming rapidly outdated, and open forms adopted by them and connected with the rural landscape have caused the problem of defining a new concept of contemporary urban-rural space. Although often reasons for this phenomenon are seen only in the progressing suburbanization interrupting the continuity of urban structures, this problem is much more complex and related to the search for an alternative to the outdated form of the city. The paper includes an analysis of the phenomenon, one of the manifestations of which is the emergence of downtown and suburban housing estates that combine urban features with food production. Examples of implementation illustrate the analysis of transformations, which gave rise to the new idea of urban living. The designed estates are both an element disrupting the city's dense tissue, but also becoming a determinant of the next level of self-sufficiency of urban inhabitants - both structural, functional, energetic and also nutritional from potentially adverse external conditions.

A Transgressive Approach Towards Agritectural Space – The Idea of Agricultural-Urban Use Settlements

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Kleszcz
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Planning Concepts ◽  
The City

Abstract The article aims at presenting the phenomenon of transgression of the modern urban space through the formation of new spatial units defining the city in relation to its productive sphere. Due to the gradual departure from the notion of an enclosed city to one that is open and connected to the form of the surrounding countryside, the problem of defining a new notion of modern urban-rural space emerged. One of the first manifestations of this phenomenon is the emergence of new forms of housing that combine urban features with food production. Analysis of examples such as EVA-Laxmeer in Culemborg, Agromere in Almere, Cannery in Davis, Detroit and Philadelphia allowed for the verification of architectural and planning concepts related to urban values as a form of urban development of new agricultural forms. These phenomena can be understood both as a process of tearing the compact tissue of a city or, in the case of a less orthodox approach towards the built environment, as a process of network layering towards self-sufficiency of various structural, functional, energy-related and food production related characters within the unfavourable external conditions.

Economic Value of Pavement for the Elderly: Case Study of Bangkok, Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 927-937
Author(s):  
Somskaow Bejranonda ◽  
◽  
Aekkapat Laksanacom ◽  
Waranan Tantiwat ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Pavement Management ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Public Facility ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
The People ◽  
The City

Based on the concept of a livable and global age-friendly city, pavements are a public facility that the city should provide to the people. Appropriate pavements will be beneficial for the people, particularly for good quality of life for the elderly to move around in the city. This study explored the behaviour of the elderly in the use of pavements and the problems confronted. The study also evaluated the value of the pavement walking area as it reflected the benefits of pavements to the elderly by applying the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). During March-May 2017, data were collected using interviews with 601 elderly living in Bangkok. The study indicated that the main problem for senior citizens regarding their use of pavements was from being disturbed by motorbikes riding on the pavements. The average value of pavement for the elderly was about THB 160 (USD 5.30) per person per year. Thus, the benefits of pavements to the elderly in Bangkok was approximately THB 158 million (USD 5.2 million) per year. Thus, policy makers should make proper budget allocations for elderly-friendly pavement management and seriously address the problems confronting the elderly in using pavements, to maximize the usefulness of pavements not only for the elderly but also for the public and to support a sustainable urban development.

TILTAI IR KELTAI KAIP XVIII AMŽIAUS VILNIAUS PAVIETO BAJORŲ TEISINIŲ GINČŲ OBJEKTAI IR NUSIKALTIMŲ ERDVĖS

2018 ◽  
pp. 299-318
Author(s):  
Domininkas Burba
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Common Type ◽  
General Situation ◽  
Small Object ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Green Bridge ◽  
Violent Conflicts ◽  
The City

Bridges and ferries, as objects of dispute and crime locations among the eighteenth century nobles of Vilnius district, is the main topic of research in this article. Case materials and auxiliary documents from the records of Vilnius district castle and land courts reveal how often bridges are mentioned in the court processes in both violent and non-violent crimes. Research explores what types of violent crimes took place on bridges or ferries most often. It also works on questions of geographic localisation and statistics, discussing general situation of bridges in Vilnius and its neighbouring areas in the eighteenth century. Bridges are regularly mentioned in the books of the eighteenth century Vilnius castle and land courts, albeit most references are not related to conflicts and bridges are mentioned as orientation marks or in reference to location of a real estate object. Both non-violent legal disputes, involving bridges as objects, and violent crimes on the bridges were not in multitude, however non-violent crimes were in smaller numbers. There were seven dispute cases about lands, properties and plots of land where bridges and ferries are mentioned. Non-violent conflicts mostly took place in rural areas of the district, four of them, and three such disputes happened in Vilnius (one on the Green Bridge and two on the bridges over the River Vilnia). Most commonly recorded violent crime on a bridge was beating and, since this was the most common type of crime perpetrated by nobles in the eighteenth century Vilnius district, this trend is logical. A bridge is once mentioned in the record about a raid. In terms of location, more crimes on the bridges took place in the rural space, although this particular space wasn’t dominant, since six crimes were reported in the province and five in the city – two in Vilnius on the Green (Stone) Bridge, two on the bridges over the River Vilnia and one on a ferry near Šnipiškės. Trends in crime locations match general crime tendencies in Vilnius district, where more crimes took place in the rural space than in the urban one. One may guess, that the rare mention of bridges partially testifies to the fact that in the eighteenth century Vilnius district level of communication was not high and there were not too many bridges. On the other hand, when assessing trends in violent crimes in Vilnius district it was revealed that bridge based crimes comprised only one percent of all crimes. Having in mind that bridge is a relatively small object, compared to several different or other urban and rural spaces, this number isn’t that small. Keywords: Vilnius district, castle court, land court, crimes, nobles, peasants, bridges, ferries, passings.

CONCEPT OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF A KEY PUBLIC SPACE (USING THE EXAMPLE OF «ALLEY OF ARCHITECTS», VORONEZH)

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
С. Л. Подвальный ◽  
О. А. Сотникова ◽  
Я. А. Золотухина
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Territory Design ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Modern Technologies ◽  
Intensive Growth

Постановка задачи. В настоящее время формирование современной комфортной городской среды приобретает особое социально-экономическое значение и выдвигается в число приоритетных государственных масштабных программ. В связи с этим необходимо разработать концепцию благоустройства ключевого общественного пространства, а именно: определить основные и сопутствующие функции данной территории, создать эскизное предложение проекта благоустройства с учетом всех необходимых норм и стандартов, внедрить современные технологии. Результаты. Выполнен эскизный дизайн-проект «Аллеи архитекторов» по ул. Орджоникидзе г. Воронеж, включающий в себя основные элементы по зонированию территории, проектированию акцентных объектов и внедрению инновационных технологий «умного города», позволяющих повысить уровень комфорта горожан. Выводы. Благоустройство населенных мест приобретает особое значение в условиях дискомфорта среды. С выполнением комплекса мероприятий, направленных на благоустройство, и с внедрением современных технологий значительно улучшается экологическое состояние, внешний облик города. Оздоровление и модернизация среды, которая окружает человека в городе, благотворно влияет на психофизическое состояние, что особенно важно в период интенсивного роста городов. Statement of the problem. Currently the formation of the modern comfortable urban environment is gaining a special social and economic value and moving forward in the priorities of state large-scale programs. The purpose of development of the concept of improvement of public space is definition of the main and accompanying functions of this territory, design of the outline offer of the project of improvement considering all necessary norms and standards and implementation of modern technologies. Results. The conceptual project of “Alley of Architects” includes the basic elements of territory zoning, design of accent objects and implementation of technologies of a “smart-city”. These elements allow one to increase the level of comfort of inhabitants. Conclusions. Improvement of the inhabited places is of particular importance in the conditions of discomfort of the environment. Carrying out a complex of the actions directed to gardening and improvement, introducing modern technologies, the ecological condition, the physical appearance of the city considerably improves. Improvement and modernization of the environment which surrounds the person in the city influences a psychophysical state well that especially important during intensive growth of the cities.

Study on the Development of Lighting Devices Material Combined with Street Lamp in the Use of Rays of the Sun

2017 ◽  
Vol 864 ◽  
pp. 224-228
Author(s):  
Seung Hyeon You ◽  
Jeong Hwan Lee ◽  
Sung Hoon Oh
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Lighting Device ◽  
The Future ◽  
Street Lamp ◽  
External Power ◽  
The City

This study has developed street lamp lighting device material that was turned on and off by self-power supply without additional power by using the rays of the sun. Lighting devices have been applied with polycarbonate materials that were outstanding with light transmissivity while using LED light and economic value. Lighting devices are easily installed in various places since external power is not necessary. In addition, it also serves as a function of preventing crime by acquiring intensity of illumination in crime-ridden district in the night. Lighting device can also serve as a function of improving fine view in the city by establishing eco-friendly circumstances including parks, areas around shopping district, and housing areas after being manufactured in the form of flowerpot where can grow plants in the future.

Discussion on the Governance Structure of "Transitional Communities" and Its Countermeasures Under Meta-Governance

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 6121-6127
Author(s):  
Yang Lei
Keyword(s):  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Community Governance ◽  
Simple Transformation ◽  
Urban Construction ◽  
Governance Theory ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The City

With the continuous advancement of urban-rural integration, the scale of urban construction continues to expand, and a "transitional community" between the city and the countryside appears in response. The simple transformation of countryside from a traditional village form to a modern community is also accompanied by some contradictions and difficulties in structural transformation. In the discussion of "transitional community" governance, this paper analyzes the structure of transitional community under the premise of "meta-governance" theory, and proposes corresponding countermeasures to the problems of "transitional community" under the background of modern society.

scholarly journals Spatial shrinking and polarization of rural space in the Republic of Tatarstan in the context of population depopulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-45
Author(s):  
D.O. Egorov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
Administrative Center

The article analyzes the directions and intensity of rural population depopulation from the standpoint of its influence on the transformation of settlement in the Republic of Tatarstan from the 1970s to the present. Three periods of changes in the distribution of the rural population were identified: soviet (1970–1991), de-urbanization (1991–2000) and suburbanization (weakly expressed in the 2000s and clearly pronounced since the 2010s). The first period under consideration fell on the peak of the decline in the rural population, but the pole near the regional center depopulated less intensively than the distant periphery. The de-urbanization period did not have clear territorial trends in changes in the number of inhabitants. In the 2010s. There is a steady increase in the population in the areas of neighbors of the largest cities of the republic. A more detailed study showed that this increase is largely associated with the settlement of urban-type residential complexes. 1970 to 2019 the share of rural residents living in areas bordering the city of Kazan and Naberezhnye Chelny increased from 15.1 to 25%. Similar polarization processes are taking place at the municipal level. The period considered from 2002 to 2019 showed the process of increasing the share of the population of the administrative center from the total population of the district. In more than half of the cases, this process took place due to population growth in the centers of municipalities and the decline of the rest of the population. The population in other municipalities decreased in the administrative centers less intensively than outside them.

scholarly journals Mapping the Internal and External Environments in Empowering Semanggi Batik Craftsmen in Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Susi Hardjati ◽  
Ananta Prathama ◽  
Kalvin Edo Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Online Marketing ◽  
City Government ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Document Collection ◽  
The City

Batik Semanggi is one of the typical batiks in Surabaya which has economic value for the community. However, the competitiveness of the clover batik business is relatively low. This study aims to identify the internal environmental conditions (strengths-weaknesses) and external (opportunities-threats) of the clover batik craftsmen as the basis for formulating a strategy to increase competitiveness. The study used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques focus group discussions (FGD), semi-structured interviews, observation and document collection. Informants were determined using a purposive method. The data analysis uses interactive models and SWOT analysis. The results showed several strengths that can encourage the floating of clover batik, namely the ability to make a capable batik, iconic distinctive motifs and organic batik technology. The opportunities that arise, namely export opportunities, support of the city government, support of other elements of society, and online marketing opportunities. While weaknesses include the number of craftsmen, low online marketing capabilities, motives not yet registered as intellectual property rights, limited production, and marketing volumes, traditional tools, and low capital. The threat that arises namely, the emergence of other motifs as a competitor batik, and batik printing production that offers cheaper prices with a larger production scale. The map of strengths and weaknesses and threats above are very useful as a material for formulating strategies in empowering clover batik craftsmen.

scholarly journals Activity density of carabid beetles along an urbanisation gradient

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (Suppl.) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Simone Fattorini ◽  
Cristina Mantoni ◽  
Davide Bergamaschi ◽  
Lorenzo Fortini ◽  
Francisco J. Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Intermediate Disturbance ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Activity Density ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Several works have investigated the impact of urbanisation on carabid activity density using urban-rural gradients. Such works compared activity density recorded from green spaces located in different parts of a city and assigned to categories of increasing urban intensity, which poses two problems: (1) since the gradient is divided into categories, it is impossible to model continuous variations in biotic responses, and (2) sites representative of different urbanisation levels are not true segments of the same ecological continuum. To surpass these problems, we modelled variations in carabid activity density along an urban-rural transect within a single green space extending from the city centre of Rome to rural environments. Carabids were sampled by pitfall traps from sites distributed along the entire gradient. We used breakpoint regressions to model how (1) carabid activity density, (2) carabids/beetles ratio, (3) carabids/insects ratio and (3) carabids/arthropods ratio varied along the gradient. As already observed for various organisms in urban environments, we found that activity density of carabids and their contribution to the abundance of beetles, insects and arthropods, peaked in the middle of the gradient. This supports the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, according to which moderate urbanisation may favour diversity by increasing habitat heterogeneity.

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