Depression and Age at First Neurology Appointment Associated with Receipt of Behavioral Medicine Services Within 1 Year in a Multiple Sclerosis Population

Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) newly seen by a neurologist may benefit from early psychological intervention owing to the reciprocal relationship between stress and disease progression. However, it is uncertain what factors contribute to patients' receiving these services. Methods: Logistic regression analysis of prospectively gathered data evaluated how demographic and disease characteristics and emotional/physical health factors contributed to referral to receive behavioral medicine (BM) services within 1 year of their first neurology appointment at the Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis at the Cleveland Clinic. Survival analyses then evaluated whether this resulted in earlier receipt of services. Results: Although many factors were associated with receiving BM services during univariate analyses (age, race, marital status, years since MS onset, depression, stress, and quality of life), when considering multivariable interactions, only two variables remained significant: age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80–0.92) and depression (OR = 1.56, 95% CI, 1.39–1.75). Survival analyses did not show differences in time to BM services for stratifications of age or depression scores. Conclusions: Younger patients and patients with more severe depression were more likely to receive BM services within 1 year of their first neurology appointment. Future research will focus on evaluating whether these are also the patients in greatest need of services or whether they are simply more open to receiving them.

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The COVID-19 Crisis: A Mental Health Perspective and Response Using Telemedicine

Journal of Patient Experience ◽

10.1177/2374373520922747 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 295-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Amy B Sullivan ◽

Alexa Kane ◽

Alicia J Roth ◽

Bryan E Davis ◽

Michelle L Drerup ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Behavioral Medicine ◽

Patient Care ◽

Patient Experience ◽

Cleveland Clinic ◽

Thought Process ◽

Training And Supervision ◽

Exceptional Patient

With the outbreak of COVID-19, patients and providers were forced to isolate and become innovative in ways to continue exceptional patient care. The Cleveland Clinic went from mostly in-person medical appointments to all virtual/telemedicine care in about 2 weeks’ time. In this piece, we show specifically the thought process and our conversion of the Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Behavioral Medicine to ensure that our patients still receive exceptional care and patient experience. Additionally, we discuss the importance of innovating the training and supervision of postdoctoral trainees using telepsychology and virtual options.

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A Pilot Study of Mobile Telephone Message Interventions with Suicide Attempters in China

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000017 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 109-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Hui Chen ◽

Brian L. Mishara ◽

Xiao Xian Liu

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Effective Means ◽

Text Message ◽

Text Messages ◽

Mobile Telephone ◽

Future Research ◽

Quick Method ◽

Suicide Attempters ◽

To Receive

Background: In China, where follow-up with hospitalized attempters is generally lacking, there is a great need for inexpensive and effective means of maintaining contact and decreasing recidivism. Aims: Our objective was to test whether mobile telephone message contacts after discharge would be feasible and acceptable to suicide attempters in China. Methods: Fifteen participants were recruited from suicide attempters seen in the Emergency Department in Wuhan, China, to participate in a pilot study to receive mobile telephone messages after discharge. All participants have access to a mobile telephone, and there is no charge for the user to receive text messages. Results: Most participants (12) considered the text message contacts an acceptable and useful form of help and would like to continue to receive them for a longer period of time. Conclusions: This suggests that, as a low-cost and quick method of intervention in areas where more intensive follow-up is not practical or available, telephone messages contacts are accessible, feasible, and acceptable to suicide attempters. We hope that this will inspire future research on regular and long-term message interventions to prevent recidivism in suicide attempters.

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Providing trial results to participants in phase III pragmatic effectiveness RCTs: a scoping review

Trials ◽

10.1186/s13063-021-05300-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hanne Bruhn ◽

Elle-Jay Cowan ◽

Marion K. Campbell ◽

Lynda Constable ◽

Seonaidh Cotton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Search Strategy ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Future Research ◽

To Receive ◽

Emotional Effects ◽

Trial Participants ◽

Narrative Description ◽

Do So

Abstract Background There is an ethical imperative to offer the results of trials to those who participated. Existing research highlights that less than a third of trials do so, despite the desire of participants to receive the results of the trials they participated in. This scoping review aimed to identify, collate, and describe the available evidence relating to any aspect of disseminating trial results to participants. Methods A scoping review was conducted employing a search of key databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) from January 2008 to August 2019) to identify studies that had explored any aspect of disseminating results to trial participants. The search strategy was based on that of a linked existing review. The evidence identified describes the characteristics of included studies using narrative description informed by analysis of relevant data using descriptive statistics. Results Thirty-three eligible studies, including 12,700 participants (which included patients, health care professionals, trial teams), were identified and included. Reporting of participant characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity) across the studies was poor. The majority of studies investigated dissemination of aggregate trial results. The most frequently reported mode of disseminating of results was postal. Overall, the results report that participants evaluated receipt of trial results positively, with reported benefits including improved communication, demonstration of appreciation, improved retention, and engagement in future research. However, there were also some concerns about how well the dissemination was resourced and done, worries about emotional effects on participants especially when reporting unfavourable results, and frustration about the delay between the end of the trial and receipt of results. Conclusions This scoping review has highlighted that few high-quality evaluative studies have been conducted that can provide evidence on the best ways to deliver results to trial participants. There have been relatively few qualitative studies that explore perspectives from diverse populations, and those that have been conducted are limited to a handful of clinical areas. The learning from these studies can be used as a platform for further research and to consider some core guiding principles of the opportunities and challenges when disseminating trial results to those who participated.

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Perceived Control and Aging: A Mini-Review and Directions for Future Research

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000468540 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (5) ◽

pp. 435-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Stephanie A. Robinson ◽

Margie E. Lachman

Keyword(s):

Sex Education ◽

Perceived Control ◽

Later Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Reciprocal Relationship ◽

Control Beliefs ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

As Stress ◽

Health And Well Being

This brief review on perceived control and aging is organized according to 3 perspectives of research involving description, explanation, and modification. An extensive body of literature has utilized cross-sectional and correlational methods to describe the sociodemographic variations and outcomes associated with perceived control. This work has focused on differences in perceived control as a function of age, sex, education, socioeconomic status, and culture and has identified positive associations with many aging-related outcomes involving health and well-being. With growing evidence regarding the health benefits of perceived control in the context of a declining sense of control with aging, there has been an increased effort to uncover the mechanisms involved, with the hopes of developing methods to maintain and/or promote adaptive control beliefs throughout adulthood. Through longitudinal and experimental work, researchers are beginning to clarify the directionality and elucidate the mechanisms to explain the associations. Recent evidence from longitudinal studies shows that control beliefs have an impact on subsequent changes in health. Yet, the findings suggest that it is not a unidirectional relationship. A conceptual model suggesting an ongoing reciprocal relationship between perceived control and health and well-being is discussed. Research examining the mechanisms that link perceived control to aging-related outcomes can help to inform and to develop effective interventions that are tailored to the individual's specific barriers and goals. We consider new directions for research, including more attention to intraindividual variability and reactivity to daily challenges, such as stress, with the goal of advancing our understanding of how perceived control contributes to aging-related outcomes. More work is needed to develop strategies to enhance control beliefs in later life. Although it will not always be possible to modify control beliefs, researchers can take these beliefs into account when developing interventions. A personalized approach is recommended as a way to tailor interventions that are compatible with individuals' beliefs about control to facilitate adaptive behavior change. Conclusions focus on selected issues and considerations for future research.

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Value co-destruction: Review and conceptualization of interactive value formation

Marketing Theory ◽

10.1177/1470593120983390 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 147059312098339

Author(s):

Per Echeverri ◽

Per Skålén

Keyword(s):

Conceptual Framework ◽

Critical Review ◽

Reciprocal Relationship ◽

Service Systems ◽

Future Research

The aim of this conceptual article is to both provide a critical review of research into value co-destruction (VCD) and outline a common conceptual framework in order to better understand and guide future research into VCD and value co-creation (VCC). This review finds that the VCD stream of research has followed two lines of enquiry: one that highlights the role of resources and service systems and another that focuses on practices. It further finds that some prior research has argued that a direct and reciprocal relationship exists between VCD and VCC, captured in the concept of interactive value formation (IVF). A synthesizing IVF framework is outlined which suggests that the alignment and misalignment both within practices and in-between different practices determines IVF, that is, VCD and VCC. The framework further suggests that IVF is both enabled and constrained by resources and service systems.

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Host Genetics and Gut Microbiome: Perspectives for Multiple Sclerosis

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12081181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 1181

Author(s):

Alessandro Maglione ◽

Miriam Zuccalà ◽

Martina Tosi ◽

Marinella Clerico ◽

Simona Rolla

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Complex Disease ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Association Studies ◽

Future Research ◽

Genome Wide Association Studies ◽

Host Genetics

As a complex disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS)’s etiology is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. In the last decade, the gut microbiome has emerged as an important environmental factor, but its interaction with host genetics is still unknown. In this review, we focus on these dual aspects of MS pathogenesis: we describe the current knowledge on genetic factors related to MS, based on genome-wide association studies, and then illustrate the interactions between the immune system, gut microbiome and central nervous system in MS, summarizing the evidence available from Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis mouse models and studies in patients. Finally, as the understanding of influence of host genetics on the gut microbiome composition in MS is in its infancy, we explore this issue based on the evidence currently available from other autoimmune diseases that share with MS the interplay of genetic with environmental factors (Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus), and discuss avenues for future research.

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The Ismaili Tradition in Iran: 13th Century to the Present

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780190277727.013.613 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Beben

Keyword(s):

20Th Century ◽

Future Research ◽

Early 20Th Century ◽

13Th Century ◽

Complete Understanding ◽

Northern Iran ◽

Minority Community ◽

History Of ◽

The 19Th Century ◽

To Receive

The Ismailis are a minority community of Shiʿi Muslims that first emerged in the 8th century. Iran has hosted one of the largest Ismaili communities since the earliest years of the movement and from 1095 to 1841 it served as the home of the Nizārī Ismaili imams. In 1256 the Ismaili headquarters at the fortress of Alamūt in northern Iran was captured by the Mongols and the Imam Rukn al-Dīn Khūrshāh was arrested and executed, opening a perilous new chapter in the history of the Ismailis in Iran. Generations of observers believed that the Ismailis had perished entirely in the course of the Mongol conquests. Beginning in the 19th century, research on the Ismailis began to slowly reveal the myriad ways in which they survived and even flourished in Iran and elsewhere into the post-Mongol era. However, scholarship on the Iranian Ismailis down to the early 20th century remained almost entirely dependent on non-Ismaili sources that were generally quite hostile toward their subject. The discovery of many previously unknown Ismaili texts beginning in the early 20th century offered prospects for a richer and more complete understanding of the tradition’s historical development. Yet despite this, the Ismaili tradition in the post-Mongol era continues to receive only a fraction of the scholarly attention given to earlier periods, and a number of sources produced by Ismaili communities in this period remain unexplored, offering valuable opportunities for future research.

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Extended dosing of monoclonal antibodies in multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/13524585211065711 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 135245852110657

Author(s):

Zoé LE van Kempen ◽

Alyssa A Toorop ◽

Finn Sellebjerg ◽

Gavin Giovannoni ◽

Joep Killestein

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Future Research ◽

Therapeutic Drug ◽

Therapeutic Landscape ◽

Anti Cd20 ◽

Dosing Intervals ◽

Care Costs ◽

Review Current

Over the past two decades, treatment options for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have increased exponentially. In the current therapeutic landscape, “no evidence of MS disease activity” is within reach in many of our patients. Minimizing risks of complications, improving treatment convenience, and decreasing health care costs are goals that are yet to be reached. One way to optimize MS therapy is to implement personalized or extended interval dosing. Monoclonal antibodies are suitable candidates for personalized dosing (by therapeutic drug monitoring) or extended interval dosing. An increasing number of studies are performed and underway reporting on altered dosing intervals of anti-α4β1-integrin treatment (natalizumab) and anti-CD20 treatment (ocrelizumab, rituximab, and ofatumumab) in MS. In this review, current available evidence regarding personalized and extended interval dosing of monoclonal antibodies in MS is discussed with recommendations for future research and clinical practice.

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Cerebellar Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis: Considerations for Research and Rehabilitation Therapy

Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair ◽

10.1177/15459683211065442 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 154596832110654

Author(s):

Erin M. Edwards ◽

Nora E. Fritz ◽

Amanda S. Therrien

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Motor Control ◽

Motor Impairment ◽

Future Research ◽

Disability Progression ◽

Cerebellar Dysfunction ◽

Motor Disability ◽

Rehabilitation Outcomes ◽

Critical Knowledge ◽

The Impact

Introduction. Cerebellar pathology is common among persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). The cerebellum is well recognized for its role in motor control and motor learning and cerebellar pathology in multiple sclerosis is associated with enhanced motor impairment and disability progression. The Problem. To mitigate motor disability progression, PwMS are commonly prescribed exercise and task-specific rehabilitation training. Yet, whether cerebellar dysfunction differentially affects rehabilitation outcomes in this population remains unknown. Furthermore, we lack rehabilitation interventions targeting cerebellar dysfunction. The Solution. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the impact of cerebellar dysfunction on motor control, motor training, and rehabilitation in persons with multiple sclerosis. Recommendations. Additionally, we highlight critical knowledge gaps and propose that these guide future research studying cerebellar dysfunction in persons with multiple sclerosis.

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Opportunities for improving how and when Canadians are informed about new prescription medications

Knowledge Management & E-Learning: An International Journal ◽

10.34105/j.kmel.2020.12.024 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 427-447

Keyword(s):

Lived Experiences ◽

Mobile Application ◽

Future Research ◽

Prescription Medications ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Risks And Benefits ◽

Medication Information ◽

First Time ◽

To Receive ◽

Larger Sample

The Canadian prescription process requires a person to go through several steps. Prescription medications have associated risks and benefits and it is important for people to be aware of these before and while they are taking medications. One of the approaches to informing people about new prescription medications is that they are provided Consumer Medication Information (CMI). CMI is given to Canadians at the pharmacy when they pick up prescriptions, they will be taking for the first time. This study used semi-structured interviews to examine the lived experiences of a sample of Canadians (N = 36) to identify opportunities for improvement in how and when they are informed about new prescription medications. The findings were synthesized into a journey map. Generally, participants wanted to receive CMI digitally and earlier in the prescription process. Adopting these changes could have several benefits which include loss prevention and increased accessibility to CMI as well as more participatory decision making and opportunities to ask questions. Future research is warranted to explore similar topics with a larger sample and determine what method (e.g., email, website, mobile application) would be most suitable.

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