scholarly journals Analysis of road safety before and after road safety assessment carried out on the road section no. 16 Banja luka – Celinac, intersection “Groblje-Vrbanja“

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milenko Džever ◽  
Danislav Drašković ◽  
Milija Radović ◽  
Zoran Injac
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Major Road ◽  
Access Road ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Republic ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Banja Luka ◽  
Road Safety Audit

The Republic of Srpska implemented three procedures provided by the Directive 2008/96/EC, namely: road safety audit for infrastructure projects (Road Safety Audit, RSA), road safety impact assessment (Road Safety Assessment RSI), as well as the procedures of identifying, ranking and remedying and black spots management (BSM). This paper presents a concrete road safety inspection of intersection on the primary road (major road) M4 in the place Vrbanja near Banja Luka. The said intersection is where the major road and access road to newly constructed cemetery in Banjaluka intersect. After the inspection, the Public Company “Republic of Srpska Motorways“ as road administration implemented some recommendations from the final Report on road safety inspection in order to improve these procedures. Also, an analysis was carried out to identify the conditions before and after the audit and partial implementation of recommendations.

scholarly journals Studies on the impact of the technical characteristics of local roads on road safety

2019 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Stanisław Gaca ◽  
Mariusz Kieć
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Accident Prediction ◽  
The Road ◽  
Access Road ◽  
Local Roads ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

Local roads (district roads) constitute an important part of the road network in Poland, making up around 29.7 % (124,945 km) of all public roads. In 2017, 10,578 accidents, which is 35.7% of all accidents in Poland, took place on local roads. These roads are used primarily by regular users who are very familiar with the defects of these roads. This means that the effects of the low technical standard of local roads and the insufficient number of road traffic devices on the safety on the road can be partly compensated for by the fact that drivers adjust their behaviour to the conditions on the road. This hypothesis can be verified through developing dependency models of road safety measures of local roads’ and technical characteristics. The article presents the research carried out based on regression models of accident prediction. The models were developed with the use of the data on the road surroundings arrangement (built-up areas, access), road condition and the extent of signposting, including data on speed limits and overtaking as well as risk exposure variables. Due to the incomplete data on accidents and the small number of accidents, different approaches to the modelling of the number of road accidents were applied.

scholarly journals Analysis characteristic of hazardous locations in urban environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Željko Šarić ◽  
Goran Zovak ◽  
Danijel Brkić ◽  
Tomislav Kučinić
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Past ◽  
Expert Team ◽  
The Republic ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Direct Inspection

International experience, as well as previous research in the Republic of Croatia, shows that successful identification and remediation of hazardous locations results in a significant reduction in the number of traffic accidents, especially those with the most severe consequences. One of the most important steps in the process of identifying and remediation hazardous locations is the direct inspection of the location on the ground by an expert team, which in the most relevant way identifies deficiencies on the road and related equipment. Total of 117 locations have been inspected in the Republic of Croatia in the past year, which represented potentially hazardous locations on state roads, of which 61 is in located in urban areas. Based on the reviews of potentially hazardous locations in urban areas, significant data were collected on the condition of the road and related equipment, the results of which were analysed in detail and presented in this paper. Based on these results, remediation measures have also been proposed, which enable increased road safety and reduced traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Ways to Improve Road Safety Audit in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
K. Ibrayev ◽  
D. Kapskiy ◽  
S. Bogdanovic
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Gradual Introduction ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Road Safety Audit ◽  
Audit Team

There are two types of internationally recognized engineering approaches to addressing road safety issues – proactive and reactive. Predicted or proactive approach includes prevention of accidents and taking corrective measures before accidents can occur. One example of this approach is road safety audit, which is a relatively new tool in developing countries. The paper has analyzed approaches to road safety audit outlined in guidelines of the United Kingdom, Ireland, USA, Australia, Canada, as well as in guidelines of Asian Development Bank for the countries of Central Asian Regional Economic Cooperation. All reviewed documents are characterized by a similar approach to the basic definitions, to selection of audit team and requirements for team members, to the main stages of road safety audit. All reviewed guidelines emphasize that audit is not a means of project works evaluation, verification of compliance with standards, a means of projects ranking or evaluation. Approach to road safety audit, outlined in recommendations developed in the Republic of Kazakhstan has also been analyzed. It has been established that the document does not meet approaches adopted in developed countries. Conditions of the Republic of Kazakhstan require development of a new document based on analysis of the best international experience. Currently, the Republic of Kazakhstan has embarked on a gradual introduction of “road forgiving mistakes” approach to the design and operation of roads. This fact should also be considered when revising road safety audit manual. 

scholarly journals A Case Study on Pre-Opening Stage Road Safety Audit

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 (1) ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
Ashish ◽  
Sachin Dass ◽  
Saurabh Jaglan ◽  
Aman Ahlawat ◽  
Manju Suthar
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Section ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Road Safety Audit

Abstract Transportation has been instrumental in the growth of cultures since the dawn of time, allowing individuals to migrate and goods to be transported. A poorly aligned road not only creates a possible traffic threat but also increases commuting costs and puts a burden on drivers and travellers. As a result, careful decisions are critical in highway construction, both in terms of current needs and the potential growth of the region. A Road Safety Audit is a critical technique for paying detailed attention to road safety during the planning, construction, and maintenance phases of a road. The two key techniques in road safety work are accident reduction and accident prevention. This study focuses on both aspects. The road chosen in this study is another District Road in Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh. It originates from Fatehganj Paschmi near NH-530 and merges with SH-37 at Baheri. Road Safety Audit is conducted on the road section before opening it to the traffic. This is a two-lane road without a paved shoulder in which Bareilly-Shahi Road also merges from the side at Chainage km 3+400. It has a Major Junction at Chainage km 10+000 which is densely populated Shahi Village. This study is about the road safety measures adopted on the newly built Bhitoura-Shahi-Shergarh-Baheri road and identifies any flaws that could result in an accident or pose a safety risk to road users. It is constructed to liberate people from traffic congestion. During the day, there is a lot of traffic on the road. On the basis of primary and secondary data collection, a systematic analysis of the road section is carried out. The methodology used entails gathering primary data performing a physical survey (inventory) and analyzing the observations, and secondary data from the appropriate authorities. Various recommendations to improve the deficiencies in order to ensure safe and efficient mobility are suggested as per IRC. The plants and tree along the road sides although control pollution of vehicles yet sometimes their branches have to be cut to reduce accidents.

Safety Assessment of Two-Lane Highway using a Combined Proactive and Reactive Approach: Case Study from Indian National Highways

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudipa Chatterjee ◽  
Sudeshna Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Risk Matrix ◽  
The Government ◽  
Road Safety Audit ◽  
Proactive Safety

In India, approximately 30% of road accident fatalities occur on two-lane rural roads. Thus research focused on identifying risk factors on this road type is of immense interest to most of the road agencies. Although these highways are more hazardous and account for more severe crashes, there is a lack of scientific safety assessment of such highways compared with multi-lane highways. Proactive approaches, such as road safety audit, have been widely adopted by the government of India to reduce crash frequency and severity on highways. However, an effective road safety management program should exercise an optimal balance between reactive and proactive strategies to identify potential hazards and treat already existing hazardous sites. Through a case study on two two-lane highways, several risk factors were identified using the principles of road safety audit, and were mapped with the available crash data analysis to develop a risk matrix. This risk matrix was found to be helpful in the selection of countermeasure design in a more scientific way, targeting the frequent crash types and severities expected to result at the high crash sites. Finally, it was observed that integrating the findings from reactive analysis with proactive safety management is more beneficial, since they are methodically proven with historical crash records and provide the knowledge of plausible safety hazards at sites where similar features exist. The proposed methodology could be adopted by road agencies in India and other developing countries for effective proactive safety planning.

scholarly journals Road safety audit: a case study on NH-65

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tummala Bharat Kumar ◽  
Chukkapalli Jeswanth Chowdary
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Road Safety Audit ◽  
Major Highway

In India there is road network of 33 lakh kilometres of which nearly 65% of the cargo activity and 80% of traveller movement is on the road networks. National Highways constitute around 1.7% of the road network but carry about 40% of the aggregate road traffic. Number of vehicles has been increasing at a normal pace of 10.16% for every annum in the course of the most recent five years. Road safety audit is the formal methodology for getting accident potential and safety potential in the development of new road schemes and the schemes for the improvement and maintenance of the existing road facilities. Accident prevention and accident reduction are the two main strategies in the road safety. In this case study we analyse the NH-65 which is the major highway connecting VIJAYAWADA and HYDERABAD from the 270thKM to 247th KM. The highway carries considerable amount of traffic throughout the day and it has number of conflict points such as villages, industries. Detailed analysis of NH-65 will be carried out from the point of view of safety and geometric design aspects will be performed. This paper aims to identify deficiencies, improving design aspects, enhancing credibility of the roads.  

Siklus Akuntansi, Transparansi, Dan Akuntabilitas Atas Penggunaan Dan Pertanggungjawaban Keuangan Dana BOS Di SDIT X Di Depok, Jawa Barat

Liquidity ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Yumniati Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Management Team ◽  
The Other ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Fund Management ◽  
Government Program ◽  
Financial Accountability ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Transparency And Accountability

Investigation in various regions in Indonesia found indications of the alleged fraud that result from unccountable use and management of BOS funds. Among the findings, including payments that do not fit the technical guidelines, no accountability report, and the use of funds with unaccountable receipt. In the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of No. 161/2014, stated that: BOS is a government program that is basically forfunding the nonpersonnel operating costs of the primary education as the implementer of compulsory education program. The purpose of this study were (1) to analyze the accounting cycle and financial accountability for the use of BOS funds in the 2015, (2) to analyze the compliance of the accounting cycle and financial accountability of the BOS funds, (3) to analyze the transparency and accountability of BOS fund’s reports. The observed elementary school is SDIT X in Depok, West Java. Result shows that they do not fully compliance to the appropriate regulatory technical guidelines. On the other hand, the transparency and accountability issues show that: (1) BOS Management Team, Teachers Council and School’s Committee’s involvement in the BOS fund management, and (2) evaluation and comparison of the final report of prior periods, so that transparency and accountability of the use and management of BOS funds can be improved.

Wyzwanie dla tożsamości międzynarodowej Macedonii – grecko macedoński spór o nazwę państwa

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-350
Author(s):  
Artur Adamczyk ◽  
Mladen Karadzoski
Keyword(s):  
The European Union ◽  
Small Country ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
The Road ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
On The Road ◽  
International Identity ◽  
Of Greece

The main purpose of the article is to present how the Greek- -Macedonian naming dispute influenced the problem of implementation the international identity of Macedonia. Despite the initial problems of the government in Skopje related to determining their international identity, Macedonians managed to define the principles regarding the identification of a new state on the international stage. As a small country with limited attributes to shape its international position, Macedonia has basically been determined to seek guarantees for its existence and security in stable and predictable European international structures such as NATO and the European Union. The main obstacle for Macedonians on the road to Euro-Atlantic structures was the veto of Greece, a member of these organizations, resulting from Athens’ refusal to accept the name the Republic of Macedonia. The Prespa Agreement of 2018 gave a new impetus to the realization of the international identity of North Macedonia.

scholarly journals Effect of Integrated Neuromuscular Exercise in Physical Education Class on Health-Related Fitness in Female Children

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Marijana Sinđić ◽  
Draženka Mačak ◽  
Nikola Todorović ◽  
Bianka Purda ◽  
Maja Batez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Muscular Fitness ◽  
Female Children ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Endurance ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Integrated neuromuscular training (INT) showed benefits for improving fundamental movement skills (FMS). However, the INT health-related fitness (HRF) effects are lacking. The current study aimed to determine the effects of INT implemented during physical education (PE) in a primary school in the Republic of Serbia on HRF in female children. The sample consisted of 72 healthy girls who were divided into the intervention (EG: n = 37; mean ± SD: age = 8.17 ± 0.31) and control (CG: n = 35; age = 8.11 ± 0.31) groups. The EG and CG performed the INT program and traditional PE activities two times per week within the first ~15 min of PE class, respectively. The Fitnessgram battery tests assessed the HRF (body composition, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular fitness, and flexibility) before and after the program. After eight weeks, the EG significantly reduced all fat measures, while the CG decreased only triceps skinfold but to a smaller extent (F = 5.92, p < 0.02, ŋ2 = 0.09). Both groups significantly improved the performance of almost all muscular fitness tests (curl-ups, trunk lift, push-ups); however, the EG increased the push-ups more than the CG (F = 9.01, p < 0.01, ŋ2 = 0.14). The EG additionally improved the modified pull-ups (F = 14.09, p < 0.01, ŋ2 = 0.19) and flexed arm hang (F = 28.82, p < 0.01, ŋ2 = 0.33) tests. The flexibility and cardiorespiratory endurance of both groups did not significantly change after eight weeks. This approach of exercise showed positive acceptance and relatively good results after only eight weeks.

1 Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Isostearyl Neopentanoate

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Cosmetic Formulation

Isostearyl Neopentanoate, the ester of Isostearyl Alcohol and Neopentanoic Acid, is used in cosmetic products as an emollient at concentrations up to 50 percent. The undiluted ingredient at doses up to 4 ml/kg was shown to be relatively non-toxic in short-and long-term feeding studies. Test data from animal and clinical studies indicate the undiluted ingredient is neither an irritant nor a sensitizer. A cosmetic formulation containing 16 percent Isostearyl Neopentanoate produced no phototoxicity and no photoallergenicity. Mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity data were not available. Isostearyl Neopentanoate was not considered to be a significant comedogenic agent. On the basis of available data, it is concluded that this ingredient is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in its present practices of use.

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