scholarly journals PLANNING AND PROGRAMMING OF TRAINING IN THE COMPETITIVE PERIOD IN WOMEN'S FOOTBALL

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luka Androja ◽  
Veronika Terzić
Keyword(s):  
Professional Staff ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Energy Component ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Know How ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Competition Period ◽  
Fitness Training ◽  
Very High ◽  
Individual Training

Training planning and programming make up a very complex process, especially planning and programming during the competition period. The women’s soccer competition lasts a total of five to six months and is divided into two subseasons. The competition period is a mesocycle period that is made up of multiple microcycles. During this period, intensive training work is carried out for the football players to reach the highest level of their abilities. Coaches need to know how to manage their sports form for football players to be most ready for the most important phase of the competition. In order to maintain it, it is necessary to conduct training of specific and situational fitness exercises that connect the functional, motor, and technical-tactical goals. The intensity of such training should be very high (80-100%). The share of fitness training in the competition period should be around 30%, and studies have shown that 1-2 stimuli per week are required to maintain fitness abilities, provided the intensity is high. The seven-day microcycle consists of 5 individual training sessions, matches, and rest days. The footballers play 20-25 games of different difficulty and importance during the season. The schedule of these matches determines the dynamics of the load, which means that if the match is important in the microcycle, the lower energy component of the load is applied and vice versa. Coaches and professional staff should be continuously educated in the form of planning and programming sports training, to acquire new knowledge about sports form management in all periods, phases, and conditions during the season, with special emphasis on the competition period.

Awareness of Sport Massage Therapy among University Level Football Players in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-90
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zeeshan Butt ◽  
Syed Muhammad Bilal Gillani ◽  
Basit Ali
Keyword(s):  
Massage Therapy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
University Level ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
The University

Sports massage is very common among the athletes of developed nations. Since many of studies have been conducted and revealed positive benefits of Sports massage (SMT). The results of different studies show that it improves health, enhance immunity, speedy recovery after an injury, and after intensive training. This study is aimed to investigate the knowledge of university level athletes in Pakistan about the concept of Sport Massage Therapy (SMT). 125 participants were participated in this study, the sample was selected using convenient sampling technique and data was gathered using sport massage questionnaire developed by Lloyd Leach and Mignon Schilz. The results show that there is very little awareness and knowledge about Sport Massage Therapy among the University Football Players. The results of this study also indicate athletes perceive that sport massage helpful in rehabilitation and just an event of enjoyment. It was concluded on basis of results that athlete have very little knowledge about the role of sport massage in Sport Performance.

Association Between Match Activity, Endurance Levels and Maturity in Youth Football Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (09) ◽  
pp. 576-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Francini ◽  
Ermanno Rampinini ◽  
Andrea Bosio ◽  
Darragh Connolly ◽  
Domenico Carlomagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Youth Football ◽  
Match Rate ◽  
Very High

AbstractThe aim of the study was to examine the associations between maximal and submaximal field tests with match physical activity and biological maturation in youth football players. Sixty-eight youth football players (U14, U15, U16, U17) performed maximal and submaximal field endurance tests. Biological maturity was estimated calculating the distance from peak height velocity (Y-PHV). Physical match activities were tracked using GPS units and players’ post-match rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded. Mainly moderate associations were found between field tests and match activities. Large correlations were found between Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery test level 1, distance covered at high and very high-speed running, the quantity of very high and maximal metabolic power running. Small to moderate associations between match activities and Y-PHV were observed. The magnitude of correlation between match activities and field tests increased from moderate to large when matches with an RPE>5 were considered. The results provide further evidence of the association between young football players’ aerobic performance and match work rate. Submaximal field tests demonstrate ecological validity and may constitute a practical alternative to performing maximal tests. Maturation was found to have a moderate effect on youth players’ match work rate.

Retaining Student Workers: The Importance of Organizational Commitment

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Turner ◽  
Jeremy S. Jordan ◽  
Rhonda R. DuBord
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Professional Staff ◽  
Recreational Sports ◽  
Continuance Commitment ◽  
Recreational Sport ◽  
The Us ◽  
Student Workers ◽  
Personal Sacrifice ◽  
Very High

College recreational sport departments across the US typically depend greatly on student workers to deliver services. Because of this reliance on student workers, turnover in college recreational sports departments is very high (i.e., students are normally at the institution for a maximum of four years). One construct often examined when combating turnover is organizational commitment. Using Meyer and Allen's (1991) conceptualization of organizational commitment, 205 student workers in a recreational department at a mid-size university responded to a questionnaire regarding their levels of commitment to the department. Four separate dimensions of organizational commitment were examined in this study: (a) affective commitment (AC); (b) normative commitment (NC); (c) continuance commitment—high personal sacrifice (CC:HiSac); and (d) continuance commitment—low number of alternatives (CC:LoAlt). Results of the study showed the longer students worked in the department, the higher their commitment levels. Also, students supervised by a professional staff member showed higher commitment levels in three of the four scales (all but CC:LoAlt). Finally, students' levels of AC and CC: HiSac were significant determinants of their desire to maintain employment with the department.

Individual Response to External Training Load in Elite Football Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 696-704
Author(s):  
Håvard Wiig ◽  
Thor Einar Andersen ◽  
Live S. Luteberget ◽  
Matt Spencer
Keyword(s):  
External Load ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
External Training ◽  
Tracking Devices ◽  
Very High

Purpose: To investigate within-player effect, between-player effect, and individual response of external training load from player tracking devices on session rating of perceived exertion training load (sRPE-TL) in elite football players. Methods: The authors collected sRPE-TL from 18 outfield players in 21 training sessions. Total distance, high-speed running distance (>14.4 m/s), very high-speed running distance (>19.8 m/s), PlayerLoad™, PlayerLoad2D™, and high-intensity events (HIE > 1.5, HIE > 2.5, and HIE > 3.5 m/s) were extracted from the tracking devices. The authors modeled within-player and between-player effects of single external load variables on sRPE-TL, and multiple levels of variability, using a linear mixed model. The effect of 2 SDs of external load on sRPE-TL was evaluated with magnitude-based inferences. Results: Total distance, PlayerLoad™, PlayerLoad2D™, and HIE > 1.5 had most likely substantial within-player effects on sRPE-TL (100%–106%, very large effect sizes). Moreover, the authors observed likely substantial between-player effects (12%–19%, small to moderate effect sizes) from the majority of the external load variables and likely to very likely substantial individual responses of PlayerLoad™, high-speed running distance, very high-speed running distance, and HIE > 1.5 (19%–30% coefficient of variation, moderate to large effect sizes). Finally, sRPE-TL showed large to very large between-session variability with all external load variables. Conclusions: External load variables with low intensity-thresholds had the strongest relationship with sRPE-TL. Furthermore, the between-player effect of external load and the individual response to external load advocate for monitoring sRPE-TL in addition to external load. Finally, the large between-session variability in sRPE-TL demonstrates that substantial amounts of sRPE-TL in training sessions are not explained by single external load variables.

LA INCORPORACIÓN DEL PENSAMIENTO GEOGRÁFICO DE ALEJANDRO VON HUMBOLDT EN LA CULTURA CIENTÍFICA DE LA NUEVA GRANADA

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-68
Author(s):  
Lina Rocío Medina Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Academic Community ◽  
Scientific Culture ◽  
Know How ◽  
Alexander Von Humboldt ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Geographic Knowledge ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Nueva Granada ◽  
The 19Th Century

Resumen Este artículo estudia las teorías que fueron discutidas por los geógrafos de la Nueva Granada en la primera mitad del siglo XIX, con el propósito de establecer cómo circuló el pensamiento de Alexander von Humboldt en la comunidad académica y qué circunstancias favorecieron la incorporación de sus ideas en la cultura científica local. Primero, se analizan algunos trabajos cartográficos producidos por Francisco José de Caldas y Alexander von Humboldt en los primeros años del siglo, con el propósito de identificar el origen de sus convergencias y divergencias con respecto a la práctica geográfica. Luego, se examinan las teorías que prevalecieron entre los geógrafos neogranadinos en las tres primeras décadas del siglo y se intenta determinar cuáles fueron las circunstancias que favorecieron la revaloración del pensamiento humboldtiano. Finalmente, se muestra que la resignificación del conocimiento geográfico a mediados de siglo ocurrió de manera concomitante con una relectura de las ideas de Humboldt y con la necesidad de reformar el Estado neogranadino. Se argumenta que el contacto temprano con el científico prusiano no allanó el camino para que sus planteamientos fueran inmediatamente incorporados en el ámbito científico local, sino que la asimilación de estos se produjo tras un complejo proceso de adecuación a la esfera intelectual receptora. Abstract This article studies theories that were discussed by the Neogranadinos geographers in the first half of the 19th century in order to know how the Alexander von Humboldt’s thought circulated among academic community and what circumstances favored the incorporation of their ideas into the local scientific culture. First, I analyze some of the cartographic works produced by Francisco José de Caldas and Alexander von Humboldt during the first years of the century in order to identify the origin of their divergent and convergent views about geographical practice. Later, I examine the prevailing theories among the Neograndinos geographers in the first three decades of the century and I try to determine the circumstances that motivated the reevaluation of the Humboldtian thought. Finally, this article shows that a resignification of geographic knowledge occurred concurrently with a re-read of Humboldt’s ideas and with the need to reform the Neogranadino State. It argues that early contact with the Prussian scientist did not pave the way for his approaches to be immediately incorporated into the local scientific field, but that their assimilation occurred after a complex process of adaptation to the receiving intellectual sphere. Palabras clave: Geografía, cartografía, trasmisión de la ciencia, siglo XIX, determinismo. Key words: Geography, Cartography, diffusion of science, century XIX, determinism.

scholarly journals Painkillers among people aged 20-30 according to questionnaires

E-methodology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
KATARZYNA CIECIORA ◽  
ROKSANA PAPIERKOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Real Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Know How ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Wide Access ◽  
Very High ◽  
Selection Of

Aim. Painkillers are one of the most widespread drugs on the pharmaceutical market, individual analgesics belong to the OTC (over-the-counter drug) group, which are also available outside pharmacies. The universality and wide availability of painkillers posea real problem of medication errors. The aim of the study was to examine the attitude of people aged 20-30 to taking painkillers and to examine the level of knowledge of the respondents about them.Method. The study involved 70 people aged 20-30 who voluntarily fi lled in an original electronic questionnaire, which included the attitude of people of this age to taking  medications and questions assessing their knowledge about the medications they take. It included questions about the type of drugs taken, frequency, intensity of pain at which the respondents took analgesics and knowledge about possible adverse effects in the case of long-term use of analgesics or their overdose. The most numerous age group were people aged 20-30, they constituted 55.7% of the respondents. People aged 24-27 accounted for 24.3%, while 20% were people aged 28-30. Most respondents showed that their current place of residence is a city with over 500,000 inhabitants. Most of the respondents had secondary education and it amounted to 51.4%.Results and conclusion. As many as 85.7% of people take painkillers. 35.7% of the respondents take medication once a month, while 34.3% take medication less frequently than once a month. 60.9% of people know the effects of chronic overuse of painkillers, butas many as 39.1% of respondents have a knowledge defi cit in this regard. The study found that 89.9% of people aged 20-30 know how to safely use painkillers, only 10.1% do not know in this regard. Most people in this age group use drugs when the intensity of pain is 4, which means that the most numerous group of people takes drugs when the intensity of pain is very high. This indicates that drugs are not taken without necessity, which results in their chronic non-use, as a result of which the risk of side effectscaused by overuse of painkillers is minimised. The study showed that 35.7% take painkillers once a month and 34.3% less than oncea month. Mostly women take medication once a month, this could possibly be associated with menstrual pain. The survey shows that 60.9% of people know the effects of chronic overuse of painkillers. It follows that most of the respondents know the consequences ofoverusing painkillers, but a large proportion of people in this age group show a defi cit of knowledge about what is dangerous to their health, therefore it is necessary to educate people aged 20-30 years in this regard.Cognitive value. The conducted research shows the attitude of young people toward painkillers. The cognitive value is the selection of a specifi c research group which from an early age, has the possibility to observe easy and wide access to analgesics.

scholarly journals Absorption Rate as a Tool for Assessing the Dynamics of Development Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Agata Antczak-Stępniak
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Development Activity ◽  
Know How ◽  
Intensity Of Development ◽  
The Given ◽  
Very High

Abstract Research background: An assessment of the dynamics of the development of the housing market is critical for development activity and the institutions that finance it. Due to the capital intensity of development projects, it seems necessary to perform detailed analyses to be sure that the investment will find buyers and to know how much time it will take for this undertaking to be sold. The absorption rate reports it. Purpose: The aim of the article is, therefore, to verify the importance of the absorption rate in assessing the dynamics of property market development based on the example of housing development activity in Łódź. Research methodology: To achieve the aim, in the empirical part of the article, information on developers’ investments in Łódź was independently collected, and based on them, absorption ratios for several periods were estimated. Results: The study showed dynamic changes in the absorption rate, as well as its diversity depending on the type of building and location. That is why it is so important to analyze this indicator in developers’ activity, where the risk of recovering the capital engaged is very high. Novelty: In Poland, there are few publications on the given topic, and the existing analyses of the absorption rate in Poland, prepared for the largest Polish cities, do not include the division into specific locations or the type of real estate, which is why they are not sufficiently reliable information for developers.

scholarly journals Fitness training as the mean of improving the physical fitness of high skilled football players

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Gennadii Lisenchuk ◽  
Irene Khmelnitska ◽  
Svitlana Kokareva ◽  
Konstantin Bogatyrev ◽  
Yulai Tupeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Training Cycle ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Current Program ◽  
Fitness Training

The results of physical fitness level of highly skilled football players in the preparatory and competitive periods of the annual macrocycle are presented. The study involved 34 players of Football Club “Zorya” (Lugansk city) aging from 20 to 30. In the annual cycle of football players training season 2018/2019, the training process was carried out in accordance with the current program. An experimental program was used in the first and second preparatory periods of the annual training cycle in the season 2019/2020. Insufficient efficiency of the traditional program of physical training of highly skilled football players in the preparatory and competitive periods of the annual training cycle has been established. The athlete’s training level was marked by optimal indicators of readiness only by tests that characterized the explosive strength and joint flexibility. Experimental program was developed in order to increase the efficiency of the training process of highly skilled football players. The main feature of this program was the use of three innovative methods of modern fitness training: MAX®, Tabata, HIIT. Functional classes that based on the use of step platforms were offered instead of classical aerobics classes. The results of the physical fitness testing of FC “Zorya” football players at the end of the preparatory periods of the 2019/2020 season indicated a significantly better level of athlete’s readiness for the next competitive periods comparing to the corresponding periods of the previous season. Experimental program effectiveness was confirmed by the results of the FC “Zorya” team in the championship of the Ukrainian Premier League 2019/2020.

scholarly journals Mengelola Pendapatan Kamar Hotel yang Optimum (Yield Management)

Media Wisata ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Yield Management ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Hotel Management ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
Occupancy Rates ◽  
Very High

The market is always changing and increasing competition. In this condition, the hotel needs to improve responsiveness to the environment to service. Hotels should be able to establish a policy with the best results. Yield management offers a concept for each hotel is able to put himself in the best position in the changing environment. Revenues need to be managed well for a more popular method is called yield management or revenue management Currently, yield management, has become a very important innovation in the hospitality industry. The main objective of yield management is to maximize the occupancy room and at the same price achieved average room rate is high. The rooms are the same product, but have different market segments, both used by the guest or guest tours individual. Each market segment may be subject to different prices for the same period. Demand for each segment in the future, have a fairly high level of uncertainty in thiscase, management does not know how much and when the individual guest is coming. Individual guest room reservations typically do on arrival or a few days prior to say, while guest tour groups generally pay full price and keep the rooms are not already sold to the tourist gueist at cheap prices or discounts. Profit oriented hotel management and have broad freedom of action to increase revenue at the optimum level of demand for rooms is very high. This is to compensate low income or cover losses in the period of very Iow occupancy rates, where rooms are sold at discount in nearly all segments. Room sales management to achieve optimum opinions need to plan how many rooms are sold at a discount and how many rooms were sold at full price. In addition . to avoid loss of revenue due to cancellation of booking rooms during periode of high demand for rooms, management needs to accept room reservations exceeds the number of rooms available for sale

scholarly journals USING AUTHENTIC MATERIAL TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ READING INTEREST (A Classroom Action Research in the Second Semester Students of STKIP Siliwangi Bandung)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aseptiana Parmawati ◽  
Rasi Yugafiati
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Reading Skill ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Reading Scores ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Learning Situation ◽  
Authentic Material ◽  
Know How ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Reading Interest

Reading is a complex process that involves generation and getting information, analyzingmeaning, and making any decision about content.To improve the students’ learning interesttoward reading skill, the lecturer need to know how to teach reading effectively, and whatinstructional materials is the most suitable for their students. Output required of this research asa scientific publication in local journal that have ISSN. The researchers identify some problems,such as: 1) Doesteaching reading using Authentic Material improve the students’ readinginterest?, 2) How is the teaching and learning situation when Authentic Material implemented inthe reading class?. From the result of pre-test, we found that the result of students’ reading wasunder average and still far from what was expected.The finding was supported by the result ofstudents’ reading scores. The average score of pre test was 60.57. After the implementation ofAuthentic Material in every cycle, the students’ reading score were getting better. It can be seenfrom the result of students’ average score Cycle 1 was 64.00 and Cycle 2 was 80.87. It can beconcluded that Authentic Material can improve students’ reading interest and AuthenticMaterial can improve reading classroom into a better situation. Keywords: Authentic Material, Reading Interest, CAR

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