Evaluation of the Ecological Impact of Human Settlement on Trees in Oban and Okwangwo Forests of Cross River National Park, Nigeria

The ecological impacts of human settlement on trees in Oban and Okwangwo Forests of Cross River National Park located in Nigeria was carried out in the park with the view of providing information on the activities of the support zones and enclave communities in both (Oban and Okwangwo) divisions of the park. Surveillance tours were carried out in company of the park rangers in the park and enclave communities. Each division was divided into two (2) zones each (core and peripheral) for ease of coverage. Plots were randomly selected in each study site at regular number of paces (fixed interval) to avoid coincidence. Data collections and observations were carried out for a period of four (4) months in both divisions. Random Sampling method was used for the study. Eight (8) plots of size 50 each were marked out using wooden pegs with red ribbon tied across the pegs in the core zones in both divisions (Oban and okwangwo). Same was applicable to the peripheral zones in both divisions giving a total number of 32 plots. The total number of trees per plot was determined by direct stem count and trees with 30 cm girth and above was considered for the count. The total number of trees counted in the core zones was (Oban 141 and Okwangwo 162) and the peripheral zones (Oban 120 and Okwangwo 127). Descriptive statistics was applied on the data to determine the mean, standard deviation and range. The T-test for tree counted in Oban (Table 3) reveals that Tcal(1.161)≤Ttab(2.365) and the difference had a mean of 3.875, TCal ≤ Ttab at 5% level of significance. The T-test for tree counts in Okwangwo (Table 6) shows that Tcal(3.040)≥Ttab(2.365), TCal ≥ Ttab at 5% level of significance. F-statistics (Table 8) revealed a significance level in their differences, Ftab (p=0.05) df (7,7) = 3.79, FCal = 5.384. This calls for fast action on the resettlement of the enclave communities and provision of alternative sources of income for the support zones and enclave communities. Strategies should be adopted and improved upon if biodiversity is to be conserved. These strategies are embedded in increasing staff strength, well equipped and dedicated rangers as well as the absence of surrounding enclave communities.

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PERANAN EDMODO SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING

Jurnal BIOTEK ◽

10.24252/jb.v8i2.14000 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

Nurul Magfirah ◽

Nurdiyanti Nurdiyanti ◽

Anisa Anisa ◽

Rahmatia Thahir

Keyword(s):

Learning Outcomes ◽

Biology Education ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Significance Level ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

E Learning ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

The University

This study aims to find out the influence of learning media of E-Learning based on Edmodo toward learning outcomes of biology students at the Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. This type of research was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population of this research was all students of fourth-semester where 45 students selected as the sample. The sample consisted of 22 students in experimental group and 23 students in control group. The result showed that the Sig value was smaller than the level of significance (α). The hypothesis testing with t-test (independent-sample t-test) obtained a sig value was 0.006 with a significance level (α) was 0.0. It appears that there is an effect of E-Learning based on Edmodo toward student's learning outcomes of biology education at the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar.

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PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI, MOTIVASI, DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN CV. DENOV PUTRA BRILIAN TULUNGAGUNG

JIMEK : Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi ◽

10.30737/jimek.v1i1.284 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zulfana Khongida ◽

Nining Purnamaningsih ◽

Daniel Daniel

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Employee Performance ◽

Study Data ◽

T Test ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Literature Study ◽

Significance Level ◽

Level Of Significance

The purpose of this study is (1) To determine the effect of variable communication on employee performance in CV. Denov Son Of The Brilliant Tulungagung. (2) To determine the influence of motivation variables on employee performance in CV. Denov Son Of The Brilliant Tulungagung. (3) To determine the effect of the variable of work discipline on employee performance in CV. Denov Son Of The Brilliant Tulungagung. (4) To determine the effect of variable communication, motivation, and work discipline simultaneously on employee performance in CV. Denov Son Of The Brilliant Tulungagung.This study uses a quantitative approach. The sampling method using the sampling method saturated. The sample in this study amounted to 63 respondents. Methods of data collection using questionnaires, interviews, and literature study. Data analysis method used is multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the research can be concluded that (1) Communication has positive and significant effect on employee performance with the results of the t test count 2,130 with significance level 0,037< 0,05. (2) Motivation has positive and significant effect on employee performance with the results of the t test count 4,469 with significance level of 0,000< 0,05. (3) the employee's Performance has positive and significant effect on employee performance with the results of the t test count 2.935 per with the level of significance 0,005< 0,05. (4) Communication, motivation, and work discipline simultaneously influence on the performance of employees with the results of the test F count 68,848 with a significance level of 0,000< 0,05. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel komunikasi terhadap kinerja karyawan di CV. Denov Putra Brilian Tulungagung. (2) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan di CV. Denov Putra Brilian Tulungagung. (3) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di CV. Denov Putra Brilian Tulungagung. (4) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel komunikasi, motivasi, dan disiplin kerja secara simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan di CV. Denov Putra Brilian Tulungagung.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode sampling jenuh. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 63 responden. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) Komunikasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan hasil uji t hitung 2,130 dengan taraf signifikasi 0,037< 0,05. (2) Motivasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan hasil uji t hitung 4,469 dengan taraf signifikasi 0,000< 0,05. (3) Kinerja karyawan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan hasil uji t hitung 2,935 dengan taraf signifikasi 0,005< 0,05. (4) Komunikasi, motivasi, dan disiplin kerja berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan hasil uji F hitung 68,848dengan taraf signifikasi 0,000< 0,05.

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Evaluation of the Ecological Impact of Human Settlement on the Water Quality of Lower Cross River, Nigeria

Journal of Ecosystems ◽

10.1155/2013/840295 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. J. Oribhabor ◽

O. M. Udoidiong ◽

D. F. Udoh ◽

B. E. Akpan

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Ecological Impact ◽

World Health ◽

Human Settlement ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Cross River ◽

Cross River State ◽

Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽

Physical And Chemical

The ecological impact of human settlement on the water quality of Lower Cross River, Nigeria was evaluated. The physical and chemical conditions of the river water were determined from January to August, 2011. Three stations comprising Itu in Akwa Ibom State with intense human activities (station 2), its upstream (without human settlement) at Cross River State (station 1) and the downstream (station 3) were sampled. The Parametric One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) indicated that of the 17 physical and chemical parameters determined, only water level and COD were found to be significantly different () among stations. The spatial variations in the level of significant correlation of the physical and chemical parameters among the stations and the higher level of interrelationship in downstream station 2 and 3 than station 1 could be attributed to inputs resulting from human settlement. Comparison between some parameters with Standard Organization of Nigeria, and World Health Organization maximum permitted levels for drinking water indicated that the water was not polluted. However, the BOD and COD concentrations of greater than 2 mg/L and 20 mg/L respectively were indicative of pollution.

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ANALISIS PENGARUH HARGA, KUALITAS PRODUK DAN DESAIN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KENDARAAN BERMOTOR MEREK HONDA JENIS SKUTERMATIC

JURNAL PENELITIAN ◽

10.21043/jupe.v9i1.854 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tina Martini

Keyword(s):

Negative Influence ◽

T Test ◽

P Value ◽

Linear Regression Method ◽

Purchase Decisions ◽

Test Results ◽

Purchasing Decisions ◽

Significance Level ◽

Quality Design ◽

Level Of Significance

<div class="Section1">ANALYSIS OF PRICE EFFECT, PRODUCTS AND DE-SIGN QUALITIES TO BUYING DECISIONS of HONDA SKUTERMATIC MOTORCYCLES. This research is a field of research and using a quantitative approach. While the sample in this study is that consumers / users of motorcycle of Honda skutermatic by distributing questionnaires as much as 75 respondents. Sampling used techniques sampling insidenta. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression method and using t - test with a significance level a = 5%. Results from this study show that first: the price has an influence on the purchase decisions of Honda types of skutermatic vehicles on public from the kudus District, it is proved by t- test to show the price t is greater than t table (4,140> 1,992) with 75 df and probability value of 0.000 is below the 5% level of significance. Secondly, the quality has a negative influence on purchasing decisions and it is evidenced by the results of the t value of 1.157 and t table amounted to 1.992, so the t-count is smaller than t-table (1.157 <1.992) of df 75 with a P value of 0.251. And third, the design has an influence on the purchase decisions of Honda types of skutermatic vehicles in Kudus society. This is evidenced from the t test results showing that for the design of t is greater than t table (3.073>1.992), while the value of the P value of 0.003 which is above 5% Alpha.</div>Keywords: Price, Quality, Design, Purchase Decision.Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian field reserch dan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen/pemakai kendaraan bermotor merek Honda jenis skutermatic dengan menyebarkan kuesioner sebanyak75 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan tehnik sampling insidenta. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode regresi linier berganda dan menggunakan uji – t dengan taraf signifikansi a = 5%. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pertama: harga mempunyai pengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian kendaraan bermotor merek Honda jenis skutermatic pada masyarakat Kabupaten Kudus dibuktikan dari hasil uji- t untuk harga menunjukan t hitung lebih besar dari nilai t tabel (4,140 > 1,992) dengan df 75 dan nilai probabilitas sebesar 0.000 yaitu berada dibawah 5% dari tingkat signifikan. Kedua, kualitas mempunyai pengaruh negatif terhadap keputusan pembelian dibuktikan dengan hasil nilai t hitung sebesar1,157 dan t tabel sebesar 1,992, sehingga t-hitung lebih kecil dari t-tabel (1,157 < 1,992) dari df 75 dengan nilai P value 0,251. Dan yang ketiga, desain mempunyai pengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian kendaraan bermotor merek Honda jenis skutermatic pada masyarakat Kabupaten Kudus. Ini dibuktikan dari hasil uji t yaitu untuk desain menunjukan t hitung lebih besar dari nilai t tabel (3,073 > 1,992), sedangkan nilai P value 0,003 yang berada diatas Alpha 5%.Kata Kunci : Harga, Kualitas, Desain, Keputusan Pembelian

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Pengaruh Faktor-Faktor Kemasan Produk terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Pop Mie di Supermarket Giant Wiyung

BISMA (Bisnis dan Manajemen) ◽

10.26740/bisma.v3n2.p157-171 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 157

Author(s):

YESSY ARTANTI ◽

YUSDIA PUSPARINI

Keyword(s):

Significant Influence ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

T Test ◽

Purchase Decision ◽

Product Packaging ◽

Significance Level ◽

Emotional Appeal ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

Information Variable

This study aimed to investigate the influence factors of product packaging to Pop Mie consumer purchase decision at Wiyung Giant Supermarket. Product packaging factors in this case includes visibility, information, emotional appeal, and power/ ability to do (workability). The population used in this study is to visitors of the Wiyung Giant Supermarket who was buying Pop Mie. Technique to determine the members of the sample in this study is using accidental sampling technique. The number of samples is 105 respondents. This research notes that the results of hypothesis testing through F test states that the visibility, information, emotional appeal, and power/ ability to do (workability) have significant influence simultaneously to the consumer purchases decision(Y). This conclusion is based on the results of the analysis that shows calculated F value of 28.199 with an error rate prediction / forecast of 0.000 with a value smaller than 0.05 or 5%. Based on t test, it can be known that all the free variables which consist of visibility, information, emotional appeal, and power/ ability to do (workability) partially have a significant influence on the dependent variable, the consumer purchase decision. This was proved by the level of significance for each independent variable is smaller than at 0.05 or 5%. The result of T test shows that information variable has regression coefficient = 0.742 and calculated t = 9.202 with a significance level of 0.000. So that, information variable has the most influence to consumer purchase decisions of Pop Mie at Wiyung Giant Supermarket.

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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION (TAI) TOWARDS STUDENTS’ WRITING

Journal of Languages and Language Teaching ◽

10.33394/jollt.v4i2.321 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

Erni Susilawati

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

T Test ◽

Teaching Writing ◽

Second Grade ◽

Significance Level ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Inferential Analysis ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

Teaching Learning

This research was aimed to find out The Effectiveness of Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) is effective towards students’ writing. The research was quasi experimental research and the design that used was the pre-test and post-test design. The population of the study was the second grade students of SMPN 4 Praya Barat which consisted of two classes. Those classes were took as the samples, those were VIIIC as experimental class and VIIIA as control class. Experimental class was treated by using Team Assisted Individualizati0n (TAI) and control class was treated by using Roundtable technique. The instrument that was used essay test, the topic was about descriptive text. The score were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential analysis, descriptive analysis was used to describe mean, median, mode and standard deviation both of group, and the inferential analysis was used describe the value of t-test for comparison between t-table. Based on the analysis, it shows that the value of (t-test) was 2,95 is higher than the value of (t-table) was 1,688 as the level of significance level was 0,05 and the number of degree of freedom (df) was 36. Therefore, based on the result of the analysis, it be concluded that Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) was effective toward students’ writing. The results of this research showed that Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) was compatible in writing because the technique given many advantages, the students’ feel comfortable to learn in group and they were argued that Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) make the teaching learning process more interesting since they can ask and can be peer tutoring for their friends. Finally, the researcher suggests that in teaching writing the teacher should be creative in preparing and delivering writing materials.

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Pengaruh Pendapatan Bagi Hasil, Pendapatan Margin Murabahah Dan Dana Simpanan Wadiah Terhadap Bonus Wadiah Bank Muamalat Indonesia

Jurnal Investasi Islam ◽

10.32505/jii.v6i1.2976 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 42-57

Author(s):

Irma Sari

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Hypothesis Testing ◽

Multiple Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Regression ◽

Revenue Sharing ◽

T Test ◽

Significance Level ◽

Independent Variable ◽

Level Of Significance

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh pendapatan bagi hasil, pendapatan margin murabahah dan dana simpanan wadiah terhadap bonus wadiah pada Bank Muamalat Indonesia. Data diperoleh dari website resmi OJK dan Bank Muamalat Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda dan uji hipotesis menggunakan t-statistik untuk menguji koefisien bersama-sama dengan level of significance 5%. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji t (parsial) variabel pendapatan bagi hasil berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap bonus wadiah dengan nilai sig. sebesar 0,155. Variabel pendapatan margin murabahah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap bonus wadiah dengan nilai sig. sebesar 0,041. Variabel dana simpanan wadiah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap bonus wadiah dengan nilai sig. sebesar 0,001. Sedangkan nilai Adjusted R Square sebesar 0,761 yang berarti variabel independen dalam model ini mampu menjelaskan sebesar 76,1% terhadap bonus wadiah. Dan sisanya 23,9% di pengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. This research was conducted to examine the effect of revenue sharing.murabahah margin income and wadiah savings funds on wadiah bonuses at bank Muamalat Indonesia. Data obtained from OJK official website and Muamalat Indonesia bank. The method use is multiple regression analysis and hypothesis testing using t-statistics to test the coefficients together with a significance level of 5%. The results of this study indicate that the results of t test (partial) of revenue sharing variables have a positive and not significant effect on wadiah bonuses with a sig. value of 0,155. Murabahah margin income variable has positive and significant effect on wadiah bonuses with a sig. value of 0,041. Wadiah savings variable has a positive and significant effect on wadiah bonuses with a sig. value of 0,001 While Adjusted R Square value of 0,761 which means the independent variable in this model is able to explain 76,1% of wadiah bonuses. While the remaining 23,9% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.

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The Effect of Talking Chips Towards Students’ Self-Assurance in Speaking Skill

Jurnal Paedagogy ◽

10.33394/jp.v7i4.2938 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 348

Author(s):

Sudirman Sudirman ◽

Tya Putri Rahmadani

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

T Test ◽

Second Grade ◽

Control Group ◽

Significance Level ◽

Second Grade Students ◽

Post Test ◽

Speaking Skill ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

Positive Effect

This research is aimed to find out whether Talking Chips has positive effect or not toward students’ self-assurance in speaking of the second grade students at SMAN 4 Mataram. The research was experimental research and the design used was Pre Experimental with one group without control group and used one group pre-test post-test design only. The population of the study was the second grade students of SMAN 4 Mataram which consisted of one class (19 students). One class was chosen by using accidental sampling technique and the result was XI IPS 1. In collecting the data pre-test and post-test were done. And then, the data analyzed by using SPSS. The result of data analysis showed that t-test was 3.457 and t-table was 2.109, it means that t-test was higher than t-table as the level of significance level 0,05. It can be concluded that teaching self-assurance in speaking skill at SMAN 4 Mataram using talking chips produce much greater change in the students’ self-assurance in speaking. On the other words, talking chips technique is effective in teaching self-assurance in speaking at SMAN 4 Mataram.

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The Use of Board Game to Improve Students’ Writing Skill of the Descriptive Text at SMPN 18 Surabaya

JournEEL (Journal of English Education and Literature) ◽

10.51836/journeel.v2i2.165 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 11-21

Author(s):

Rukiyah Rukiyah

Keyword(s):

Statistical Technique ◽

T Test ◽

P Value ◽

Significance Level ◽

Board Games ◽

Writing Skill ◽

Post Test ◽

Writing Genres ◽

Class Viii ◽

Level Of Significance

The study examined the implementation of board games through the students’ achievement in writing skill through descriptive text at SMPN 18 Surabaya. It used the pre-test post-test design in classroom action research model for the students in class VIII-G as subjects selected from sampled classes. T-test was used as the statistical technique for the data analysis. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed the data in the tables t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means (VIII-G) reveal that the obtained t-value was -10.83171521 which were well above the limit of 0.05 of significance. The post-test had a higher mean of 80.39473684. While the pre-test had a mean of 69.36842105. Because p-value (4.97263E-13) was less than the standard significance level of 0.05, researchers can reject the null hypothesis (Ho). Thus, the second hypothesis (Ha) was accepted regarding there is significant effect of the implementation of board games through the students’ achievement in writing skill through descriptive text. It is hereby recommended that English teachers should adapt this model to enhance students’ achievement in other English skills. For students, it is suggested they have to be more paying attention to the model of teaching being applied such as the implementation of board games through the students’ achievement in writing skill through descriptive text so they can be able to explore their skill of writing as well. Other researches, however, should explore to investigate the effect of other games on specific writing genres.

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TEACHING READING BY UTILIZING HOT POTATOES SOFTWARE TOWARD STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

JEELL (Journal of English Education Linguistics and Literature) ◽

10.32682/jeell.v5i1.927 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

Abdullah Farih

Keyword(s):

Reading Comprehension ◽

Alternative Hypothesis ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Teaching Reading ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Independent Variable ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

And Control

The objective of this study is to measure whether there is or not significant effect of teaching reading by utilizing Hot Potatoes software toward students’ reading comprehension of descriptive text. The variables used were the teaching treatment of Hot Potatoes Software as the independent variable and the students’ reading comprehension of Descriptive Text as dependent variable. Then, the research designed was Quasi-experimental design and the presentation of data used was quantitative. The data were obtained from the eleventh grade, of which 28 students were taken as sample. The students are divided into two groups; experiment group consisted of 12 students and control group consists of 16 students. To get the data, the pre-test and post-test were applied and then analyzed using t-test formula. The researcher had concluded that there is Significant effect of Hot Potatoes Software toward the students’ reading comprehension achievement. The result showed that mean of students’ post-test was increased. It is proved by the t-test (8.54) which is higher than t-table (2.05) at level of significance 5%. It means that the alternative hypothesis was accepted and it proved that Hot Potatoes Software had significant effect toward students’ reading comprehension of Descriptive Text

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