scholarly journals Assessment of Toxic and Essential Trace Metals in Unwana Borehole Water in Afikpo North, Ebonyi State

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
M. K. Ndukwe ◽  
C. E. Igara ◽  
A. E. Idara
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Toxic Trace Elements ◽  
Essential Trace Elements ◽  
Borehole Water

Water samples labeled A, B, C, D and E from five different boreholes in Unwana were analyzed to assess the level of toxicity and essential trace elements present. The results obtained showed slight variation in temperature for all the samples, having sample B, recording the highest values of 28oC. As for pH, sample B recorded a pH of 6.58 which lies within the limits recommended by WHO. For the trace metals, Cd(II), Pb(II), Ni(II), Cr(III) and Zn(II) were present in all the five samples. Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) concentrations in mg.L-1 exceeded  the WHO maximum allowed contaminant limit in all the five samples except for Zn (II) that recorded values in all the five samples that were  within the maximum allowed contaminant limit proposed by WHO. From the results obtained therefore, it is evident that some toxic trace elements were present beyond acceptable limits making the borehole water unfit for human consumption and hence will require treatments.

scholarly journals Evaluation du niveau de contamination des eaux souterraines par les éléments traces métalliques dans le département de Zouan-Hounien (Ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire).

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 15457-15468
Author(s):  
Péhégninon Junior Ophélie DJADE ◽  
Abou TRAORE ◽  
Koffi Jean Thiérry KOFFI ◽  
Keiba Noël KEUMEAN ◽  
Gbombélé SORO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Metallic Trace Elements ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Eaux Souterraines

Objectif : Evaluer le niveau de contamination des eaux souterraines de Zouan-Hounien en élément traces métalliques (ETM). Méthodologie et résultats : Un total de soixante-douze (72) échantillons d’eaux souterraines ont été prélevés en raison de quarante-six échantillons d’eaux de puits (23 puits) et vingt-six échantillons d’eaux de forages (13 forages). Dans ces échantillons, des ETM tels que : Hg, Pb, Cd, As et Fe ont été dosés par spectrométrie d’absorption atomique. Les concentrations moyennes respectives de Fe, Pb, Hg, As et Cd sont de 2233,48 > 3,10 > 1,67 > 1,18 > 0,08 µg.L-1 dans les puits et de 2427,94 > 4,08 > , 2,36 > 1,76 > 0,08 µg.L-1 dans les forages. La valeur moyenne du degré de contamination (Dc) dans les puits et les forages est supérieure à 3, indiquant ainsi une forte contamination des eaux souterraines. Avec des valeurs moyennes de l’indice de pollution par les ETM (HPI) inférieures à la valeur seuil de 100, ces eaux restent faiblement polluées dans l’ensemble. Pourtant, deux puits et deux forages ont enregistré une forte pollution des eaux, avec des valeurs supérieures à 100. Conclusion : L’indice de pollution des eaux souterraines par les ETM appliqué aux eaux souterraines révèle que les eaux de puits et de forages sont de bonne qualité, à l’exception de deux puits et deux forages. Le mercure reste le principal élément qui contribue à la toxicité des eaux. Sa présence dans les eaux est due à l’effet des activités d’orpaillage ancien et actuel dans la zone. Une sensibilisation sur les impacts de l’orpaillage sur les ressources en eau est à mener au sein des orpailleurs afin de réduire l’utilisation du mercure. Une consommation prolongée de ces eaux peut entrainer des problèmes graves de santé publique. Mots clés : indices de pollution, eaux souterraines, ETM, orpaillage, Zouan-Hounien Assessment of pollution indices by metallic trace elements of groundwater resources in the mining area of the department of Zouan-Hounien, Côte d´Ivoire. Objective : Assess the level of contamination of Zouan-Hounien groundwater with metallic trace elements (ETM). Methodology and results: A total of seventy-two (72) groundwater samples were taken that is forty-six well water samples (23 wells) and twenty-six borehole water samples (13 wells). In these samples, ETMs such as: Hg, Pb, Cd, As and Fe were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The respective average concentrations of Fe, Pb, Hg, As and Cd are 2233.48> 3.10> 1.67> 1.18> 0.08 µg.L-1 in the wells and 2427.94> 4 , 08>, 2.36> 1.76> 0.08 µg.L-1 in boreholes. The average value of the degree of contamination (Dc) in wells and boreholes is greater than 3, thus indicating a strong contamination of groundwater. With average values of the ETM pollution index (HPI) below the threshold value of 100, these waters remain slightly polluted. However, two wells and two boreholes recorded heavy water pollution, with values greater than 100. The correlation matrix carried out between the ETM and the HPI reveals that Hg is the main element, which contributes to the toxicity of the water. Conclusion: The ETM pollution indices for groundwater applied to waters revealed that well and borehole water are of good quality, with the exception of two wells and two boreholes. However, mercury remains the main element that contributes to the toxicity of water. Its presence in the waters is due to the effect of old and current gold panning activities in the area. Thus, raising awareness of the impacts of gold panning on water resources is to be carried out among gold panners in order to reduce the use of mercury. Prolonged consumption of these waters can lead to serious public health problems. Keywords: pollution indices, groundwater, ETM, gold panning, Zouan-Hounien

Trace Element Deficiency and Cot Deaths

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Raie ◽  
H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Toxic Trace Elements ◽  
Essential Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element Deficiency

The level of 10 trace elements (As, Br, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Se, Zn) in infant tissues (5 cot deaths, 4 other causes) are presented. These levels are compared with the normal adult levels for the same area or with the levels presented in the literature. The concentrations of 5 trace elements (As, Cu, Hg, Mn, Se) in human milk and 4 brands of artificial milks are also given and the intake of these trace elements from human and artificial milk for infants up to the age of 6 months is calculated. It is concluded that some artificial milks contain less of some essential trace elements (e.g. Cu and Se) and are richer in toxic trace elements (e.g. Hg and As). The suggestion of deficiency of the reported trace elements as a cause of cot deaths is rejected.

Trace-Element Analysis in Clinical Chemistry

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 461-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry A Schroeder ◽  
Alexis P Nason
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Human Metabolism ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Toxic Trace Elements ◽  
Essential Trace Elements ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Abstract Present knowledge of human bodily contents and concentrations in blood, urine, and hair of 11 essential trace elements and 17-22 nonessential inert or toxic trace elements is reviewed and summarized. Analyses of trace elements are applicable as diagnostic aids and indices for therapy in a number of clinical conditions. Techniques are not difficult, and analyses will probably become more or less routine for many diseases in which primary or secondary abnormalities are manifest. Trace elements play fundamental roles in human metabolism.

scholarly journals The concentrations of Fe, Cu and Zn in selected wines from South-East Serbia

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 1701-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Kostic ◽  
Snezana Mitic ◽  
Gordana Miletic ◽  
Sasa Despotovic ◽  
Aleksandra Zarubica
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
East Region ◽  
Essential Trace Elements ◽  
The World ◽  
Cu And Zn

Fruits and vegetables constitute the cheapest source of essential trace elements for the majority of people living in developing countries. The Cu, Fe and Zn contents in twenty selected wine samples produced in the South-East region of Serbia were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The Cu concentrations varied from 0.07 to 0.57 ppm in wines, and the Fe concentrations fluctuated from 2.93 to 36.2 ppm, while the Zn levels were in the range from 0.21 to 0.67 ppm. The established contents of Cu and Zn showed that wines from this part of the world could serve as good dietary sources of the essential trace metals, and the determined values were within the allowed metals levels in wines for human consumption.

scholarly journals Organ-specific accumulation of toxic elements in Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) from Bangladesh and human health risk assessment

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Raknuzzaman ◽  
Md. Habibullah-Al-Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Toxic Trace Elements ◽  
Tenualosa Ilisha

Purpose: We aimed to determine the amount of some toxic elements in three organs of Hilsa shad, focusing on the possible exposure to human health through Hilsa consumption. This study was designed to determine the concentration of seven toxic trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in three distinct organs (n = 21) (muscle, liver, and gills) of Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) fish collected from the Bangladeshi coastal area. The samples were digested following a microwave digestion. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer was used as analytical instrument. Estimated daily intakes (EDI) and target cancer risk (TR) were used to evaluate carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk. Results: The mean concentrations (mg/kg-wet weight) of toxic elements in different organs of T. ilisha were determined as follows: in muscle, As (4.05), Cd (0.09), Cr (0.12), Cu (0.77), Ni (0.26), Pb (0.20), and Zn (10.64); in liver, As (2.83), Cd (0.84), Cr (0.18), Cu (6.17), Ni (0.55), Pb (0.23), and Zn (30.16) and in gills, As (3.45), Cd (0.05), Cr (0.08), Cu (1.06), Ni (0.51), Pb (0.78), and Zn (35.21). The liver showed higher concentrations of most elements than that of muscle except for As. Concentration of As, Cd, and Pb in the fish were found above the food safety guidelines, while other trace element concentrations were below the permissible range for human consumption. According to EDI and TR values, there were carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks from exposure to total As concentration from Hilsa fish consumption. Conclusion: This study suggests that the toxic trace elements contamination levels in Hilsa fish from Bangladesh’s coastal area need to be monitored on a systematic and regular basis to ensure the safety of this food item for human consumption.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Microbial Evaluation of Selected Residential Borehole Water Samples in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
Victor Henry Azubuike Enemor ◽  
Precious Ebuka Okeke ◽  
Uchechukwu Chibuzo Ogbodo
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Borehole Water

Water is very important to the existence of humans though could also serve as vehicle for pathogenic organisms and dangerous organic and inorganic matters. The physicochemical and microbial analyses of selected borehole water samples in Awka residential areas were conducted with the aim of ascertaining suitability or otherwise for human consumption. The total hardness, pH, alkalinity, some common elements and presence of toxic metals were determined by standard methods of American Public Health Association. The presence of microorganisms in the water samples was also determined. Results of the physicochemical analysis of the borehole water samples showed a mean pH value of 5.52 below the WHO standard of 6.5 - 8.5 and mean total hardness of 150 ppm greater than the WHO standard of 70 ppm. The microelements such as manganese, zinc, lead, selenium, nickel and cadmium were found to be below detectable levels in the water samples. Five bacteria species were isolated and identified in the water samples as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The physicochemical properties and the bacteria load of most of the water samples indicate that they were unfit for human consumption as the samples were outside WHO reference standard for potable water suggesting a need for increased awareness for improved sanitation and hygiene practices in the state.

scholarly journals Assessment of source apportionment and composition of trace elements in rainwater in the south-eastern region of Bangladesh  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Arif Hossen ◽  
Md Salauddin ◽  
Asiful Hoque ◽  
Sudip Kumar Pal
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Elements In Rainwater

<p>Rainwater is considered as a dependable potable and non-potable water source, used for domestic purposes as well as for human consumption in many cases. While it is usually believed that rainwater is safe for drinking purposes, many studies have explored the existence of trace metals in harvested rainwater, which can impose a serious health risk to human beings when present in relatively high concentrations. The concentration of trace elements in atmospheric precipitation including rainwater also provides a good indication of the environmental pollution caused by anthropogenic activities.</p><p>Chattogram, located in the south-eastern side of Bangladesh, is the busiest port city and the second-largest city in the country with a population of around 4.5 million people. With the presence of high salinity and arsenic in groundwater and poor quality of surface water in the region, rainwater harvesting is the most sustainable solution to be considered in the water system management for the area, particularly given annual mean precipitation of 2488 mm during the rainy season. In recent years, extensive studies have been carried out on the potential application of different rainwater harvesting systems across the region, but there have been very few studies devoted to the identification of the composition of trace elements in rainwater considering site-specific influences in the trace metal distribution in the rainwater.</p><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the composition and source appointment of trace metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cr, and Cd) in rainwater in the south-eastern region of Bangladesh. To determine their sources and relative contributions in rainwater, a total of ninety-five rainwater samples were collected in this study from five different locations representing different land-use patterns (industrial, commercial, urban, and sub-urban) within the study area, from June 2018 to October 2019. The collected water samples were analyzed for Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cr, and Cd using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer maintaining standard protocols. The measured trace elements from the collected rainwater samples were then compared with the WHO and Bangladesh drinking water standards.</p><p>The resulting concentration of trace metals in this study was found within the allowable limits in accordance with WHO and Bangladesh drinking water standards, confirming the suitability of rainwater as a potable water source for human consumption. The average concentration of trace metals in rainwater was found in the order of Zn ˃ Cu ˃ Fe ˃ Cr ˃ Mn ˃ Pb ˃ Cd for the tested samples. Overall, the trace metal concentrations of Cu and Zn were predominantly observed in rainwater samples collected from the industrial area, indicating the influence of anthropogenic activities on atmospheric pollution. The concentrations of the trace elements in this work were found to be overall higher when compared to those reported in other investigations around the world. The measurements of this study would provide an indication of atmospheric pollution in rainwater caused by the anthropogenic origins of trace metals as well as provide a database of trace metals in rainwater for further relevant research studies across the country.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Toxic and Essential Trace Elements in Children Foods and Infant Formulae by Using ICP-OES

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1273-1278
Author(s):  
Malik A. Elsheikh ◽  
Dafaalla M.H. Ali ◽  
Saad H. Alotaibi
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Toxic Trace Elements ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Infant Formulae ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Essential Trace Elements

In Turabah province of Saudi Arabia, infant formula and children′s food products were investigated to determine the concentrations of essential trace elements, namely Mn, Ni, V and Si, and toxic trace elements, namely Al, Ba, Pb, Cd, and As, present in them. Their daily intake amounts were calculated and compared with provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI), which was calculated based on the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI), which was recommended by joint FAO/WHO. The results obtained were found to be below the PTDI levels. Some samples exhibited a large amount of Al. The PTWI of Si and V is not established; however, their concentrations were compared with those reported in other studies. In some samples, a high concentration of Si was observed. The method employed for evaluation was based on the limit of quantification (LOQ), limit of detection (LOD), and recovery percent of 92.3–101.6%. Accuracy and precision were employed for evaluating the results

scholarly journals Determination of Selected Toxic Trace Elements in Agricultural Soil and Wells Water Samples by ICP-OES

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 2263-2270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik Abdalla Abdelrahman Elsheikh ◽  
Mohamed Hesham Hassan Mahmoud ◽  
Awad Abdalla Momen
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Toxic Trace Elements

scholarly journals Bioaccumulation of Chemical Elements in Vegetables as Influenced by Application Frequency of Municipal Solid Waste Compost

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lord Abbey ◽  
Mercy Omogbohu Ijenyo ◽  
Balfour Spence ◽  
Ojo Alex Asunni ◽  
Raphael Ofoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Green Bean ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Essential Trace Elements ◽  
Msw Compost ◽  
Application Frequency

Municipal solid waste (MSW) compost is used to enrich soils by virtue of its bio-physicochemical properties. But undesirable accumulation of chemical elements can reduce soil quality and cause food safety issues. A 5-year field study was carried out to investigate the impact of Compost Quality Alliance tested MSW compost application frequency (annual, biennial and no-compost) on soil quality and chemical elements accumulation in edible portions of lettuce (Lactuca sativa cv. Grand Rapids), beets (Beta vulgaris cv. Detroit Supreme), carrot (Daucus carota cv. Nantes) and green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Golden Wax). Analysis of soil showed that chemical elements were highest in annual followed by biennial, but less in control (no-compost) and fallow soils. Soil background levels of chemical elements influenced the concentrations of iron and manganese in green bean, aluminum in green bean and beets, and barium in carrot, beets, and lettuce. Cadmium concentration in beets, lettuce, and green bean grown in annual plot was increased by 48%, 52% and 62%, respectively while carrot recorded 56% increase in the biennial plot compared to no-compost. Bioaccumulation factors < 1 for all the essential and non-essential trace elements in all the plant species except boron and molybdenum. However, lettuce showed a higher tendency to accumulate cadmium, rubidium, and strontium. Overall, the health risk for human consumption is low. Although long-term annual application of compost to vegetables seemed safe for human consumption, it is necessary to continuously monitor potential chemical elements accumulation, particularly non-essential trace elements in soils and plants.

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