scholarly journals Viability of Hydrocarbon-degrading Bacterial Consortium Immobilized on Different Carriers

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Victor Ezebuiro ◽  
Ipeghan Jonathan Otaraku ◽  
Boma Oruwari ◽  
Gideon Chijioke Okpokwasili
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Saw Dust ◽  
Carrier Materials ◽  
Cassava Peel

Aim: Viability of hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial consortium immobilized on different carriers was studied. Methodology: Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were isolated from crude oil contaminated sites in Gio and K-Dera, Rivers State, Nigeria using enrichment method. Proximate analyses were carried out on the best carrier materials. Immobilization was by direct adsorption of the isolates onto the carrier materials and viability was determined by plate count method. The carrier materials tested included soya bran, sugarcane bagasse, corn cob, brown saw dust, white saw dust, cassava peel and red mud (bentonite). Results: The bacterial isolates demonstrated varied degradation capacity. The best carrier material was saw dust (103.6% survival) and corn cob (103.6% survival) followed by soya bran (94.4% survival rate) and cassava peel (94.4% survival rate). The saw dust had moisture content, 5.92%; ash content, 7.49%; crude protein, 2.2%; volatile matter, 74.28; and fixed carbon, 12.34%; whereas, the percentage chemical composition observed for soya bran were 10.11, 4.08, 5.22, 42.61, 18.37 and 8.89 for moisture content, ash content, crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrate, respectively. There was significant difference (p=0.05) between viability rate observed with the different carrier materials. Conclusion: This study showed that the agro-wastes used in this study can effectively enhance the viability of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacterial. The result is significant as it shows the possibility of using these carrier materials for bioremediation of hydrocarbon contaminated media.

scholarly journals KOMPOSISI KIMIA, SENYAWA BIOAKTIF DAN ANKGA LEMPENG TOTAL PADA RUMPUT LAUT Gracillaria edulis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Susanti Musa ◽  
Grace Sanger ◽  
Henny Adeleida Dien
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gracilaria Edulis ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Total Plate Count

This study was conducted to determine the proximate composition, bioactive compound and total plate count (TPC) in Gracilaria edulis seaweed. This research used descriptive explorative method. The results showed the average value of moisture content (77.7%); protein content (39.4%); fat content (8.1%); carbohydrates by difference (71.7%); ash content (20.7%) and very low bacterial count. Phytochemical test results show this seaweed contains alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids compounds. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui komposisi proksimat, senyawa bioaktif dan angka lempeng total (ALT) pada rumput laut Gracilaria edulis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif eksploratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata kadar air (77,7%); protein (39,4%); kadar lemak (8,1%); karbohidrat (71,7%); kadar abu (20,7%) dan jumlah bakteri yang sangat rendah. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan rumput laut ini mengandung  senyawa alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, dan triterpenoid.

scholarly journals PROKSIMAT DAN TOTAL BAKTERI IKAN LAYANG (Decapterus sp.) ASIN KERING HASIL PENGERINGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENGERING SURYA TERTUTUP

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Raja B. D. Sormin ◽  
Edir Lokollo ◽  
Febe F. Gaspersz ◽  
Vicko F. J. Tahalea
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Solar Drying ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Salted Fish ◽  
Total Plate Count

This study aims to determine the proximate and total bacterial of dry salted scad fish (Decapterus sp.)dried using a closed solar drying sistem. The research method begins with fish weed in ‘butterfly’ thenwashed using flowed water and immersed in 15% salt solution for 30 minutes. The drying method was aclosed sun drying cabinet sistem, with 3 drying racks named Rack 1, Rack 2 and Rack 3 starting from thebottom. The dried salted fish was analyzed its proximate consisting of moisture content, ash content, fatcontent and protein content, as well as bacterial tests using Total Plate Count (TPC). The results showedthat the proximate values on Rack 1, Rak2, and Rack 3 were water content of 25.58%, 20.39%, and17.80% respectively; ash content of 9.64%, 9.69% and 7.71% respectively, fat content 8.08%, 11.40%and 15.16%, respectively and protein content 53.73%, 58.10%, and 59.11%. respectively. Meanwhile,the total plate count (TPC) value of dried salted layang fish (Decapterus sp) on Rack 1, Rak2, and Rack 3was 2.73 log x CFU / g or 5.4 x 102 CFU / g, 2.74. logx CFU / g or 5.5 x 102 CFU / g, and 2.74 logx CFU / gror 5.9 x 102 CFU / gr, respectively. The best place to put fish in the dryer is on Rack 3 as this is indicatedby the low moisture content. The TPC value was still within the value limit required by the SNI.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties, Proximate Composition and Total Viable Counts of Staphylococcus aureus in ‘Nono’ And Yoghurt Samples in Kaduna, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Fausat Adeola Abdulrahman ◽  
Emiade Sanmi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Total Titratable Acidity

The study aims at determining the physicochemical, proximate composition and the total viable count of Staphylococcus aureus in ‘Nono’ and yoghurt samples in Kaduna, Nigeria.Three hundred and eighty-four (384) fermented milk samples (Nono and yoghurt) were obtained from different selling points and were evaluated for the occurrence of S. aureus. The physicochemical and proximate analyses (pH, total titratable acidity, moisture content, ash content, protein content, and fat content) were determined. The results of the analyses showed that Nono had pH range of 3.56-3.61, total titratable acidity: 0.71-1.72, moisture content: 82.23-83.87%, ash content: 0.30-0.31%, crude protein content: 1.50-1.61%, crude fat content: 0.35-0.38 %. For yoghurt, the pH ranged from 3.76 -3.82, total titratable acidity: 1.10 -1.15, moisture content: 77.76-80.06%, ash content: 0.68- 0.70%, crude protein content: 3.40-3.45% and crude fat content: 1.76-1.79% from all the study areas. One hundred and four of the total samples were contaminated with S. aureus. Out of the 104 isolates of S. aureus that were isolated and identified, 88 were coagulase positive S.aureus. The Microgen Staph ID kit (Oxoid) was used to further confirm the characteristics of the 60 isolates of the coagulase positive S. aureus. The kit confirmed 43 isolates as S. aureus, the results indicated the presence of S. aureus in the milk samples which is of public health importance, as this can contribute to food-borne intoxication which can lead to food poisoning. There is a need for proper pasteurisation of raw milk to help eradicate S. aureus infection before human consumption.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Physico-Chemical Properties of Oil Extract From Two Varieties of Fluted Pumpkin Seeds Using Different Extraction Methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
M. O. Sunmonu ◽  
E. O. Ajala ◽  
M. M. Odewole ◽  
S. Morrison ◽  
A. M. Alabi
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mean Values

This study investigates physical and chemical properties two seeds namely Ugba (Telfairia pedata) and Ugwu (Telfairia occidentalis) using soaking soxhlet methods of extraction. The physical properties examined are moisture content, ash content, crude protein, fat and oil, crude fibre and carbohydrates. The chemical properties examined are Acid value (mgKOH/g), saponification value, iodine value, free fatty acid, peroxide and refractive index. Higher mean values of moisture content, ash content, crude fibre and carbohydrates were noticed in Ugwu than in Ugba under soaking method. However, the trend was reversed for crude protein and free fatty acid, in whose case they appear to be higher in Ugba than in Ugwu. For soxhlet method, moisture content, ash content, crude fibre and carbohydrates seems to have higher mean values in Ugwu seed compared to when Ugba seed was used. However, crude protein and fat and oil content were higher using Ugba seed than Ugwu seed oil. For soaking method, Ugba seed seem to produce higher mean values of sap value, iodine value, and refractive index when compared with Ugwu seed. On the other Ugwu, seems to produce acid value, free fatty acid and peroxide value when compared with ugba for soaking method. Using soxhlet apparatus however, Ugba seed produces higher mean values for acid value, sap value, iodine value, and free fatty acid compared to Ugwu. The reverse was the case with peroxide and refractive index, still with soxhlet apparatus.Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyVol. 13, No. 2, 2017, page: 48-60

Effect of Processing Treatments on Proximate Composition of Pennisetum glaucum (Pearl millet)

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Aanchal Johari ◽  
Asha Kawatra
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Standard Methods

In the present study effect of processing treatments viz. blanching and germination on the proximate composition of Pennisetum glaucum (pearl millet) was studied. Proximate composition was analysed by the standard methods determined according to Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Results indicated that moisture content increased significantly after processing treatments. Blanching resulted in non significant increase in ash content of pearl millet grains. The crude protein content of unprocessed pearl millet was 11.55%. The crude protein content of blanched pearl millet grains was 11.27%. Crude protein content of germinated grains was found to be 12.38% as in comparison to 11.55% in unprocessed and 11.27 in blanching treatment. Crude fat content of unprocessed (control), blanched and germinated pearl millet grains were 5.36, 5.09 and 4.55%, respectively. Fiber content increased significantly after blanching and germination processing treatments. Processing treatments not only effect the nutritional composition of pearl millet but also contribute towards enhancement of shelf life.

scholarly journals Proximate composition of salted smoke-dried and salt-garlic treated smoke-dried chapila (Gudusia chapra; Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) fish stored at room temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mosarrat Nabila Nahid ◽  
Gulshan Ara Latifa ◽  
Farzana Binte Farid ◽  
Mohajira Begum
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ash Content

Proximate composition of chapila fish (Gudusia chapra) was determined using two different treatments of smoke-drying. In salt treated smoke-dried chapila (S-C), moisture, crude protein, lipid and ash contents were found 5.31%, 46.47%, 29.05% and 19.92% respectively. The same parameters were 6.77%, 45.24%, 30.52% and 18.71% respectively in case of salt-garlic treated smokedried chapila (S+G-C) fish. During storage at room temperature (26-320C), the percentage of moisture was increased significantly whereas crude protein, lipid and ash contents were decreased. The values of moisture (%) content were increased 9.91% (8th months) in S-C and 10.74 % (16th months) in S+G-C respectively. The values of protein (%) content were decreased 44.81% (8th months) in S-C and 42.66% (16th months) in S+G-C respectively. Values of fat and ash (%) content were decreased 28.55% and 18.01% (8th months) respectively in S-C and 28.75% and 17.34% (16th months) respectively in S+G-C. The overall study showed that the smoke cured fish treated with salt-garlic had longer shelf life and found better for preservation.Bangladesh J. Zool. 42(2): 205-209, 2014

scholarly journals Pengaruh Praperlakuan Alkali dan Asam terhadap Karakteristik Mutu Bakto Agar dari Rumput Laut Gelidium sp

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Muhamad Darmawan ◽  
Joko Santoso ◽  
Dina Fransiska ◽  
Marsella Marsella
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Alkali Pretreatment ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Sulphate Content ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Bacto Agar

Ekstraksi bakto agar dari rumput laut merah Gelidium sp. asal Pameungpeuk, Jawa Barat dengan praperlakuan alkali dan asam telah diteliti. Pada praperlakuan alkali digunakan NaOH dengan variasi konsentrasi 4, 5, dan 6%. Asam yang digunakan yaitu CH3COOH dengan variasi konsentrasi 0,5% dan 1,0%. Parameter mutu yang diamati meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar abu tak larut asam, kadar sulfat, gugus fungsi, rendemen agar, kekuatan gel, viskositas, titik leleh dan titik jendal, sineresis, dan angka lempeng total. Bakto agar terbaik diperoleh dari praperlakuan dengan konsentrasi NaOH 4% dan CH3COOH 0,5% yang telah memenuhi beberapa persyaratan mutu bakto agar komersial untuk parameter kekuatan gel, kadar air, kadar abu, dan kadar abu tak larut asam. Karakteristik mutu dari praperlakuan tersebut adalah kadar air 13,69±1,02%, kadar abu 4,24±1,28%, kadar abu tak larut asam 0,54±0,25%,  kadar sulfat 1,55±0,36%, rendemen 9,19±2,21%, kekuatan gel 1464,98±109,09 g/cm2, viskositas 42,75±24,40%, sineresis 2,76±0,12%, titik jendal 20,50±2,12  °C, dan titik leleh 95,25±1,06 °C. Praperlakuan dengan konsentrasi tersebut juga memiliki nilai Angka Lempeng Total  (ALT) yang sama dengan bakto agar komersial. AbstractBacto agar extraction from red seaweed Gelidium sp. from Pameungpeuk, West Java with alkali and acid pretreatment had been conducted. NaOH with concentration of 4, 5, and 6% was used for alkali pretreatment while CH3COOH at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.0% (v/v) was used for acid pretreatment. The quality parameters investigated were moisture content, ash content, acid insoluble ash, sulphate content, functional groups, yield, gel strength, viscosity, melting point, gelling point, syneresis, and total plate count. The best quality of bacto agar was obtained by using 4% alkali pretreatment and 0.5% CH3COOH. This pretreatment has fulfilled the specification of commercial bacto agar for moisture, ash, acid inslouble ash content, and gel strength parameter. The properties of bacto agar from this pretreatment were moisture content 13.69±1.02%, ash content 4.24±1.28%, acid insoluble ash content 0.54±0.25%, sulphate content 1.55±0.36%, yield 9.19±2.21%, gel strength 1464.98±109.09 g/cm2, syneresis 2.76±0.12%, gelling point 20.50±2.12 °C, and melting point 95.25±1.06 °C. This pretreatment also gave the same result as the commercial bacto agar for the total plate count. 

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Phytochemicals Screening, Proximate and Elemental Analysis of Anacardium occidentale L. Nuts and Carica papaya Seeds

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Abubakar Hayatuddeen ◽  
Timothy Musa Chiroma ◽  
Barambu Nafiu Umar ◽  
Mohammed Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Papaya Seeds

Aims: The aim of this study was comparative analysis of phytochemicals screening, proximate and elemental analysis of Anacardium occidentale L nut and Carica papaya seeds extracts. Study Design: The samples were cleaned, washed with water, dried, and grinded with a laboratory mortar and pestle, packed in an air tight container and stored ready for further analysis. Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted at the Chevron Biotechnology Centre, Modibbo Adamawa University of Yola, Nigeria which lasted for about three months. Methodology: The nuts were manually separated from fruit pulp, cleaned, washed with water, dried, roasted and grinded with a laboratory mortar and pestle, packed in an air tight container and stored ready for further analysis. Results: The result of Anacardium occidentale L nut phytochemicals screening showed that with Glycosides (-), Tannins (+), flavonoids(+++), Alkaloids(++), Saponins(-) and the proximate composition (%) were as follows: moisture content (9.7 ± 0.2), ash content (3.46±0.3), crude fat (26.79± 0.5), crude protein (14.26 ± 0.01) carbohydrate (by difference) (45.78± 0.01) Calorific (Energy) value 482.00 Kcal. The mineral analysis (mg/100g) revealed that magnesium (3.50 ± 0.01), Manganese (2.00 ± 0.01), Nickel (3.22 ± 0.01) and Cobalt (0.13 ±0.01) while the phytochemical screening for Carica papaya seeds extracts also showed Glycosides (+), Tannins (++), flavonoids(++), Alkaloids(++), Saponins(-)   for the moisture content (8.59 ± 0.3), ash content (4.09±0.16), crude fat (15.60± 0.2), crude protein (15.84 ± 0.01) carbohydrate (by difference) (41.63) Calorific (Energy) value 1549.25 Kcal. The mineral analysis (mg/100g) revealed that magnesium (3.02 ± 0.02), Manganese (0.22 ± 0.01), Nickel (3.41 ± 0.01) and Cobalt (0.18 ± 0.01). Conclusion: The study therefore indicates that the Anacardium occidentale L nut and Carica may not provide all the nutrients required by human in the right proportion though it contains an appreciable quantity of some essential nutrients like Fats, Proteins, Carbohydrate and some minerals.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Nutritional Compositions of Pure and Adulterated Honey Samples Collected from Kano South Senatorial District of Kano State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Datti Ya’u ◽  
Usman Lado Ali ◽  
Ummi Umar Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Honey Sample ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Honey Standards

Honey, the sweet, nutritious substance produced by honeybees, is of good nutritional and medicinal importance to consumers. The present study aimed at comparing the nutritional compositions of pure and adulterated honey samples collected directly from the honey beekeepers from Kano South Senatorial District of Kano State, Nigeria. For this purpose, a total of three samples each were randomly collected from three randomly selected local governments of the Senatorial District and analyzed for some nutritional values. Similarly, an adulterated honey sample was randomly collected from each of the three local governments. The mean nutritional values obtained for the pure sample were as follows: Moisture content (17.69-18.02%); crude fat (0.89-1.29%); crude protein (0.02-0.13%); ash content (0.44-0.51%); carbohydrate content (80.16-80.75%); energy values (1386.613-1396.157 KJ/100 g). While the adulterated honey sample recorded the following results: Moisture content (24.01%); crude fat (0.94%); crude protein (1.26%); ash content (2.64%); carbohydrate content (71.15%); energy values (1247.847 KJ/100 g). These results indicate that the pure honey sample analyzed are of good quality, as such could be used for both nutritional and medicinal purposes, having met the international honey standards. On the other hand, the adulterated honeys should always be used with care since they usually fall below the international honey standards.

scholarly journals Proximate and Elemental Analysis of African Star Apple (Chrysophyllum albidum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-256
Author(s):  
H. Ibrahim ◽  
A. Haruna ◽  
N. Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
African Star Apple

The proximate and elemental analysis of African star apple (Chrysophyllum albidum) using standard analytical techniques was investigated. The proximate composition of the plant showed the values of 54.57 % for carbohydrate, 13.25 % of fat, and 3.85 % of crude protein. The crude fiber and ash content indicates the values of 6.60 % and 4.70 % respectively. The moisture content present (17.03 %) reveals the possibility of having low antimicrobial activities of the plant. The mineral elements present in different concentrations are Ca (706.850 mg/kg), Mg (325.500 mg/kg), Fe (40.875 mg/kg), Cu (3.275 mg/kg), and Zn (4.625 mg/kg). The result shows that the fruit have essential minerals required by human for normal life activities. Key words: Chrysophyllum albidum, Star apple, Proximate compositions, Mineral elements

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document