scholarly journals Determination of Compressive Strength and Combustibility Potential of Agricultural Waste Briquette

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-46
Author(s):  
B. A. Thliza ◽  
F. I. Abdulrahman ◽  
J. C. Akan ◽  
Z. M. Chellube ◽  
B. Kime
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Research Work ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Cotton Stalk ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometer

This study evaluates the development of a substitute and alternative solid fuel in the form of briquette from agricultural wastes (rice husk, sawdust and cotton stalk charcoal). Four sets of briquette with different grades were produced using a discontinuous briquette production technology, where a single briquette is produced at a time in a closed mould. Some physical properties such as; Length of briquettes (170 mm), diameter of briquettes (50 mm), mass of briquettes (140-160 g), volume of briquettes (133.5 cm3), density of briquettes (1.05-1.20 gm3), texture of briquettes (rough), and colour of briquettes (brown, light brown and mud black), were investigated using physical methods of evaluation. The result of the proximate analysis (moisture 10.5-10.8%, ash 30.3-33.8%, volatile matter 20.5-25.9% and fixed carbon contents 45.2-52.6%. The burning potential tests carried out on the formed briquettes compared to that of firewood showed that firewood boils 5 litres of water in 60 minutes, while Rice husk, Sawdust, Cotton stalk charcoal blended with rice husk, and Sawdust briquettes boils the same volume of water in 35, 30, 20 and 25, minutes respectively. Compressive strength of the briquettes was determined as 155.9, 155.9, 158.1 and 158.1 KN/m2 for rice husk, sawdust, cotton stalk charcoal blended with rice husk and sawdust briquettes respectively. Energy dispersed x-ray fluorescence spectrometer (ED-XRF) analyses revealed the existence of minor and major elemental percentage compositions (Cl, Br, P, K, Ca, Ba, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and Si, Ti, V, Cr, Ni, Sr, Rb). Liebig’s and Kjeldahl’s methods of laboratory analyses confirmed the presence of organic elements (C, H, O, N and S) that contributes to the heating value, increase in ignitability, smooth combustion. It can, therefore, be concluded that briquettes produced in this research work provide a better alternative to firewood and charcoal energies, they are eco-friendly, having high heat intensity with smooth burning and are easy to handle, store and transport, they are very cheap, affordable to both rural and semi-urban dwellers.  

scholarly journals Moisture Content Impact on Properties of Briquette Produced from Rice Husk Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Ameen Hezam Saeed ◽  
Noorfidza Yub Harun ◽  
Muhammad Roil Bilad ◽  
Muhammad T. Afzal ◽  
Ashak Mahmud Parvez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Physical Density

An agricultural waste-based source of energy in the form of briquettes from rice husk has emerged as an alternative energy source. However, rice husk-based briquette has a low bulk density and moisture content, resulting in low durability. This study investigated the effect of initial moisture contents of 12%, 14%, and 16% of rice husk-based briquettes blended with 10 wt% of kraft lignin on their chemical and physical characteristics. The briquetting was done using a hand push manual die compressor. The briquette properties were evaluated by performing chemical (ultimate and proximate analysis, thermogravimetric analysis), physical (density, durability, compressive strength, and surface morphology) analyses. The durability values of all briquette samples were above 95%, meeting the standard with good compressive strength, surface morphology, and acceptable density range. The briquette made from the blend with 14% moisture content showed the highest calorific value of 17.688 MJ kg−1, thanks to its desirable morphology and good porosity range, which facilitates the transport of air for combustion. Overall, this study proved the approach of enhancing the quality of briquettes from rice husk by controlling the moisture content.

Use of Water Glass from Rice Husk and Bagasse Ashes in the Preparation of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer

2019 ◽  
Vol 798 ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khemmakorn Gomonsirisuk ◽  
Parjaree Thavorniti
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Water Glass ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Preparation Process

The aim of this work is to study the feasibility of preparation of fly ash based geopolymer using sodium water glass from agricultural waste as alternative activators. Rice husk ash and bagasse ash were used as raw materials for producing sodium water glass solution. The sodium water glass were produced by mixing rice husk ash and bagasse ash with NaOH in ball mill and boiling. The prepared sodium water glass were analyzed and used in geopolymer preparation process. The geopolymer paste were prepared by adding the obtained water glass and NaOH with fly ash. After cured at ambient temperature for 7 days, mechanical properties were investigated. Bonding and phases of the geopolymer were also characterized. The geopolymer from rice husk ash presented highest compressive strength about 23 MPa while the greatest for bagasse ash was about 16 MPa.

scholarly journals Incorporation of Rice Husk Ash as Partial Replacement of Cement in M40 Grade Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1444-1447
Author(s):  
Musaib Bashir Dar
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Alternative Materials

Abstract: In this developing era concrete and cement mortar are widely used by the construction industry, with this development. Large number of industrial wastes are generated and if these wastes are not properly used it will create severe problems, keeping the environment in mind, concrete engineers are trying to find some alternative materials which will not only replaces the cement content but also improves strength of concrete. As we also know that during the manufacturing of cement large amount of Co2 is released into the environment, but if we use such material that will replace the quantity of cement content therefore indirectly, we are contributing towards the prevention of our planet from global warming and other pollutions. Also, in this research work the Rice Husk Ash is used. the rice husk ash obtained from the rice processing units, by adding this product with concrete, not only replaces the cement content but also increases the strength of concrete like compressive strength etc. The Rice husk ash was incorporated with concrete with varying percentages of 2.5% ,5% ,7.5%, & 10%. the proper codal precautions were followed during the manufacture of concrete cubes of 150x150x150mm. it was concluded that the strength of concrete increased by incorporated the rice husk ash. Keywords: Concrete, RHA, Compressive strength, Industrial wastes, Cement etc

scholarly journals Physiochemical Properties of Cotton Stalk Biomass from Aricultural Residues

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dobariya Umesh ◽  
P Sarsavadiya ◽  
Krishna Vaja ◽  
Khardiwar Mahadeo
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Cotton Stalk ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Feed Stock ◽  
Energy Conversion Process

The study was undertaken to investigate the properties of cotton stalk fuel from the agricultural residues. The whole cotton stalk plant is converted into shredded material with the help of cotton stalk shredder. The capacity of cotton stalk shredder machine is 218 kg/h. The proximate analysis of the shredded cotton stalk in terms of bulk density 34.92 kg / m3 moisture content 13.63 %, volatile matter 74.52 %, ash content (4.95 %, fixed carbon 20.53 % and calorific value of cotton stalk biomass (3827 cal/g) respectively. were showed that agricultural residues are the most potential and their quantitative availability, Since the aim by using shredded cotton stalk as feed stock for energy conversion process of the developed gasifier.

scholarly journals Pengaruh tinggi dan kerapatan unggun pada kualitas pembakaran gas produser dari gasifikasi skala rumah tangga

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Anton Irawan ◽  
Hafid Alwan ◽  
Faroukiyah Mustika
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Bed Height

The effect of bed height and density on producer gas combustion quality from house hold scale gasification.Increased energy demand caused the crude oil to be expensive and limited so that renewable energy could be a solution of the crisis energy in the future. Rice husk that produced from rice mill had potential as energy in the rural area due to had energy content around 3000-3500 kcal/kg. Rice husk had proximate analysis for  fixed carbon 15%, volatile matter 50%, ash 20%, and moisture 15% so that rice husk could be converted to the gas by gasification. Gas producer that was produced by gasification can be used for household fuel. The aim of this research was to observe influence of density and height of rice husk bed to the flame of the gas producer combustion in the small scale gasification. Small scale gasification was done in gasification stove  that had capacity 1000 g rice husk. Variations in this research were density of rice husk bed (85, 95, and 105 kg/m3) and height of rice husk bed (25, 40, and 55 cm). Parameter of quality of gas producer combustion was holding time of the flame temperature above 500 oC.  The results showed the combustion quality of the gas producer was influenced by density and height of rice husk bed.Keywords: rice husk, gasification, gas producer, bed height, bed density AbstrakPeningkatan kebutuhan energi menyebabkan minyak bumi menjadi mahal dan terbatas sehingga energi terbarukan dapat menjadi solusi untuk menggantikan minyak bumi pada masa mendatang. Salah satu sumber energi terbarukan adalah sekam padi  yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan padi dengan kandungan energi 3000-3500 kcal/kg sekam padi kering. Sekam padi  memiliki  komposisi karbon sekitar 15%, volatile matter 50%, abu  20%, dan kandungan air 25% sehingga sekam padi dapat dikonversi melalui proses gasifikasi. Dengan metode gasifikasi skala rumah tangga, gas produser yang dihasilkan dapat dipergunakan sebagai bahan bakar rumah tangga.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengamati pengaruh tinggi dan kerapatan unggun terhadap kualitas pembakaran gas produser hasil gasifikasi sekam padi. Parameter kualitas pembakaran adalah pengukuran temperatur lidah api dengan  posisi tetap. Waktu tahan temperatur di atas 500 oC menjadi standar kualitas proses gasifikasi sekam padi yang dipengaruhi oleh kerapatan dan tinggi unggun sekam padi.  Gasifikasi dilakukan pada kompor gasifikasi skala rumah tangga yang mampu memuat sekam padi 1000 g. Variasi tinggi unggun adalah 25, 40, dan 55 cm serta kerapatan unggun 85, 95, dan 105 kg/m3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pembakaran gas produser dipengaruhi oleh tinggi dan kerapatan unggun.Kata kunci: sekam padi, gasifikasi, gas produser, tinggi unggun, kerapatan unggun

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Light Weight Concrete Block with Double Core and Double Mesh Using Granulated Corn COB

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 264-272
Author(s):  
Ananda Selvan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Concrete Block ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Light Weight Concrete

Abstract: A light weight concrete block using granulated corncob as an aggregate is investigated in this research work. Considering corn cob after removing the corn is said to be agricultural waste. Finding practical uses of this waste for manufacturing concrete block may preserve the environment and also allow green technologies. These concrete blocks are studied in terms of compressive strength, water absorption; density and unit weight were experimentally studied. The results obtained are submitted which shows that corn cob blocks have sufficient material properties for non-structural application in building for construction of partition walls. This is the alternative for blocks in expanded clay, expanded polystyrene, particles of cork, coconut coir etc. In this research a clay brick is compared as a reference block or control block. Nine specimen blocks were prepared in a size of 400mm x 200mm x 100mm and cured for 7 days, 14 days and 28 days and subjected to compressive strength test, water absorption test and density. The results are compared with conventional clay bricks. Corn cob blocks offered a good strength, low density and less water absorption. Keywords: Agricultural waste, compressive strength, durability, granulated corn

scholarly journals Evaluation on Mechanical Properties of Coated RHA-TIO2-LM24 Aluminium Alloy Composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 383-393
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Particle Spacing ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
The Matrix

Abstract: In the present research work, liquid state technique is employed to prepare the LM4/RHA/TiO2 composites containing four different mass proportion of RHA and TiO2. The weight proportion of reinforcements ie RHA-1,3&5 and TiO2 2,5&6 respectively. Hybrid composite with 3% of RHA and 6% of TiO2 showed the maximum Tensile strength of 298.37 N/mm².It is found that there is 37 % increase of tensile strength while addition of RHA and TiO2 to LM 24.The aluminium based particulate reinforced composite, the dislocations are generated during solutionizing due to thermal mismatch between the matrix and the ceramic reinforcement particles. It can be inferred that the tensile strength increased with an increase in the weight percentage of rice husk ash and TiO2. Because, the RHA particles act as barriers to the dislocations when taking up the load applied. It has been observed that with changing rate of TiO2 compressive quality increments from 478.83 to 653.79 MPa. The increase in compressive strength is mainly due to the decrease in the inter-particle spacing between the particulates since RHA and TiO2 are much harder than LM24. The presence of RHA and TiO2 resists deforming stresses and thus enhancing the compressive strength of the composite material. The maximum hardness value obtained for 5 wt.% of RHA and 6 wt.% of TiO2 .ie.117 BHN. It was observed that the hardness of the composite linearly increasing with the increase in weight fraction of the rice husk ash particles. This occurs due to increases in surface area of the matrix and thus the grain sizes are reduced. The presence of such hard surface area offers more resistance to plastic deformation which leads to increase hardness.. Keywords: LM4/RHA/TiO2, Tensile testing, Compression, Hardness, Rice husk.

scholarly journals Effects of source location on the pozolannic properties of Rice Husk Ash (Rha) and strength properties of concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 011-020
Author(s):  
Godwin Adie Akeke
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Source Location ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Partial Replacement

This paper presents the effects of variability in the chemical and elemental composition of Rice Husk Ash (RHA) sourced from four (4) different locations on Tensile Properties of Concrete. RHA is an agricultural waste gotten from rice mills after removal of rice paddy for food and burnt in open air or under controlled processes. RHA is found to be pozzolanic and can be used to partially replace cement to enhance the strength and quality of concrete. The different sources where RHA was gotten are; Ogoja, Abakaliki, Adani and Adikpo in Nigeria. It is discovered that the pozolanic properties of RHA varies based on their source location. Samples from Ogoja where found to have the highest pozzolanic properties followed by Abakaliki, Adani, and Adikpo, their silica content was found to be 84.55, 76.3, 70.12, 70.11, respectively. RHA was used to replace cement in concrete at 5, 10,15,20,25 and 30%. The compressive strength was determined and the values are as follows; And the compressive strength values at 28 days was found to be in the range of 37-42N/mm2 at 5%RHA, 35-39.5N/mm2 at 10%RHA, 30-34.5N/mm2 at 15%RHA, 27-29N/mm2 at 20%RHA, 22-25.6N/mm2 at 25% RHA and 21-24N/mm2 at 30% RHA compared to the controlled sample with a strength value of 42.64N/mm2. Cylindrical columns concrete of size 100mm diameter by 200mm long were moulded and stored in water for 28 days before testing for tensile splitting strength. The values determined from the split tensile test are as follows; 2.1-3.1N/mm2 at 5%RHA, 2.1-2.5N/mm2 at 10% RHA, 1.8-2.10 N/mm2 at 15% RHA, 1.2-1.7 N/mm2 at 20%RHA, 1.1-1.3 N/mm2 at 25% RHA and 0.62-0.9 N/mm2 at 30% RHA while the results of the controlled sample is 3.1 N/mm2.From the results above it can be deduced that source location influences the chemical properties of RHA strength characteristics of the Concrete with RHA as partial replacement.

scholarly journals BIOMASS POWER CRITICAL TOOL IN FIGHTING CLIMATE CHANGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
DS Senchi ◽  
AA Lawal ◽  
B Ibrahim ◽  
ID Kofa
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Maximum Utility ◽  
Starch Paste ◽  
Very High

This work carried out the comparative analysis of briquettes produced from commonly found agricultural wastes product (Maize husk and millet husk) in order to have the maximum utility of the materials. The briquettes are produced based on ratio of 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50.While 100:0 (unblended) was used as control for each biomass. 25 % starch paste was used as binder to have a homogenous solution. The briquettes were produced using a simple extruder briquetting machine. The proximate analysis of the raw samples shows that the moisture content of the respective biomass has increased by two fold of the briquettes sample produced and the ash content is less while the briquettes have very high volatile matter which enhance combustion and give briquettes more quality as fuel. Higher ratios of blended briquettes of maize husk have a good flame propagation, high density, ignite faster and produced small amount of ash content after combustion. Hardness, compressive strength and combustibility test of the briquettes produced ascertained all these properties. In conclusion, maize husk briquettes give a better briquettes quality compared to millet husk briquettes.

scholarly journals Comparative study and experimental analysis of pellets from biomass sawdust and rice husk

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uche P. Onochie ◽  
S. A. Aliu ◽  
U. Nosegbe ◽  
K. K. Adama
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
A Value ◽  
Combustion Processes ◽  
Ratio Optimization

Sawdust and rice husk are available in abundance and indigenous in Nigeria but have not been exploited because they cannot be used directly in combustion processes due to their loose form unless by pelleting or briquetting. This experimental study assesses the potential of pellets from sawdust (SD) and rice husk (RH). Pallet samples collected from mills were thereafter optimized in ratios (i.e. 90%RH:10%SD, 80%RH:20%SD, 70RH:30SD, 60%RH:40%SD, 50%RH:50%SD, 100%RH and 100%SD) using mixing ratio optimization model. Seven samples were produced using a manual screw press machine and were subsequently categorized in terms of calorific value (CV), proximate and ultimate analyses using the ASTM standards. Results showed that the 100%RH pellets have higher CV of 31,026.3kJ/kg and the 100%SD a value of 26,088.3kJ/kg while the optimized pellets range from 25,867.39kJ/kg to 27,063.60kJ/kg. The CV decreases with increasing ash content of the pellets. It was also observed from the proximate analysis that the 100%RH has low percentages of moisture content, volatile matter and ash content compared to others. The optimized pellets showed that SD has the tendency to reduce the sulfur content in RH; hence, a promising alternative source of energy to the conventional fossil fuel.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document