scholarly journals Endogenous Hormones in Habanero Pepper Seeds

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
H. Ramírez ◽  
U. A. Macías-Castillo ◽  
A. I. Melendres-Alvarez ◽  
M. C. Castillo-Robles ◽  
A. Zermeño-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Viability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Zeatin Riboside ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Habanero Pepper ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Statistical Program

Aims: Habanero pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivation is growing worldwide, mainly as a result of its high demand and nutritive contribution to human society. The presence of endogenous gibberellins and cytokinins in seeds of various vegetable crops has been related to a good germination; however, little is known on habanero pepper. The aim of this study was to search for the presence, identification and amount of gibberellins and cytokinins in seeds of habanero pepper cv “Jaguar”. Study design: Laboratory analysis for gibberellins and cytokinins were organized in solvent solutions groups with three technical replicates using a complete randomized design and results when applicable were analyzed using the statistical program 'RStudio' (version 10) and data obtained subjected to a comparison of means with the Tukey (P≤0.05) test. Place and duration of study: The experiment was conducted at the Department of Horticulture in Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Mexico, during 2020-2021. Methodology: Lots of 50 grams dry weight of “Jaguar” habanero pepper seed samples were freeze dried and prepared with several organic solvents for the extraction, purification and identification of gibberellins and cytokinins using the techniques of GC-MS and GCMS-SIM respectively. Results: Gibberellins A1, A4, A7, A9, A15, A17 and A44 were found in habanero seed tissue. The cytokinins zeatin and zeatin-riboside were also detected in analyzed habanero samples.  Conclusion: The endogenous gibberellins A1, A4, A7, A9, A15, A17, A44, and the cytokinins zeatin and zeatin-riboside are present in habanero pepper cv “Jaguar” contributing to an improve seed viability, ensuring health and overall plant yield.

scholarly journals Identification of Gibberellins and Cytokinins in Saladette Tomato Seeds

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
H. Ramírez ◽  
M. C. Castillo-Robles ◽  
A. I. Melendres-Alvarez ◽  
U. A. Macías Castillo ◽  
A. Zermeño-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Tomato Seed ◽  
Tomato Seeds ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Freeze Dried

Aims: Tomato (SolanumlycopersicumL.) is one of the most important vegetable crops worldwide, mainly as a result of its economic and nutritive contribution to human society. The presence of endogenous gibberellins and cytokinins in seeds of several crops has been related to a good germination; however, little is known in tomato. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze and identify the presence of gibberellins and cytokinins in saladette tomato seeds. Study Design: Laboratory analysis for gibberellins and cytokinins were conducted in solvent solutions groups with three technical replicates using a complete randomized design and results when applicable were analyzed using the statistical program 'RStudio' (version 10) and data obtained subjected to a comparison of means with the Tukey (P≤0.05) test. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at the Department of Horticulture in Universidad AutónomaAgraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Mexico, during 2020-2021. Methodology: Lots of 50 grams dry weight of saladette “SVTE8832” tomato seed samples were freeze dried and prepared with several organic solvents for the extraction, purification and identification of gibberellins and cytokinins using the techniques of gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry with selection ion monitoring(GCMS-SIM) respectively. Results: Gibberellins A1, A4, A7, A9, A12, A15, A17, A20, A44 and A53 were found in tomato seed tissue. The cytokininszeatin and zeatin-ribozide were also detected in analyzed tomato samples. Conclusion:The endogenous gibberellins A1, A4, A7, A9, A12, A15, A17, A20, A44, A53 and the cytokininszeatin and zeatin-riboside are present in saladette“SVTE8832” tomato seeds.

scholarly journals PENGARUH UMUR PANEN RIMPANG TERHADAP PERUBAHAN FISIOLOGI DAN VIABILITAS BENIH JAHE PUTIH BESAR SELAMA PENYIMPANAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
DEVI RUSMIN ◽  
M.R. SUHARTANTO ◽  
SATRIYAS ILYAS ◽  
DYAH MANOHARA ◽  
ENY WIDAJATI
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Harvesting Time ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Growth Ability

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Salah satu faktor yang menentukan daya simpan benih jahe putih<br />besar (JPB) adalah mutu. Mutu benih sangat ditentukan oleh tingkat<br />kemasakan rimpang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh<br />umur panen terhadap perubahan fisiologi dan viabilitas benih selama<br />penyimpanan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca dan Laboratorium<br />Teknologi Benih, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat serta<br />Laboratorium Pascapanen IPB Bogor, mulai bulan Juli 2012 sampai<br />dengan Februari 2013. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak lengkap<br />(RAL) dengan lima ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah tiga tingkat umur<br />panen benih 7, 8, dan 9 bulan setelah tanam (BST). Pengamatan dilakukan<br />terhadap perubahan fisiologis (penyusutan bobot, persentase rimpang<br />bertunas, tunas, kadar air, dan laju respirasi), serta viabilitas rimpang benih<br />(daya tumbuh, tinggi, dan bobot kering bibit). Hasil penelitian<br />menunjukkan rimpang benih umur 7 dan 8 BST mempunyai daya simpan<br />terbaik karena menghasilkan masing-masing total angka penyusutan bobot<br />lebih rendah (24,65 dan 25,25%) dan tunas lebih pendek (0,30 dan 1,08<br />cm) dibandingkan dengan umur panen 9 BST (27,13% dan 1,62 cm),<br />selama 4 bulan disimpan. Masa dormansi rimpang benih JPB mulai pecah<br />setelah mengalami periode simpan 2 bulan. Pertumbuhannya mulai<br />seragam setelah 3 bulan simpan. Umur panen jahe 7 dan 8 BST<br />mempunyai derajat dormansi yang lebih tinggi dibanding 9 BST. Rimpang<br />benih umur panen 7, 8, dan 9 BST mempunyai daya tumbuh tinggi (&gt;95%)<br />dan pertumbuhan bibit seragam setelah 3 bulan disimpan.<br />Kata kunci: Zingiber officinale Rosc., penyimpanan, benih, perubahan<br />fisiologis, viabilitas</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />One of the factors that determine the storability of seed rhizome of<br />white big ginger (WBG) is quality. The quality is determined by the<br />maturity levels of seed rhizome. The aim of the experiment was to observe<br />the effect of harvesting time on physiological changes and seed viability of<br />WBG seed rhizomes during the storage. The experiment was conducted at<br />Green House and Seed Technology Laboratory of Indonesian Spice and<br />Medicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor and Postharvest Laboratory,<br />IPB, from July 2012 to February 2013. The experiment was arranged in a<br />completely randomized design with five replications. The treatments<br />tested were three levels of WBG seed rhizome harvesting time: 7, 8, and 9<br />month after planting (MAP). Variables observed were physiological<br />changes of seed rhizomes during the storage (weight loss, sprouting<br />percentage, shoot height, respiration rate, and moisture content) and<br />viability (growth ability, height, and dry weight of the seedling). The<br />results showed that seed rhizomes at 7 and 8 had the best storability, since<br />it was produced each low rate of weight loss (24.65 and 25.25%), and<br />shoots shorter (0.3 and 1.08 cm) than 9 MAP (27.13% and 1.62 cm), for 4<br />months in storage. Dormancy of WBG seed rhizomes has been broken<br />after 2 months in storage. Harvesting at 7 and 8 showed a degree of<br />dormancy higher than the harvesting age 9 MAP. Harvesting time at 7, 8,<br />and 9 MAP had high growth ability (&gt; 95%) and uniform seedling growth<br />after 3 months in storage.<br />Keywords: Zingiber officinale Rosc., storage, seed, physiological<br />changes, viability</p>

scholarly journals Enhancing the Viability of Rosella Seeds (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) through Tetrazolium and Paper Media Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Taufiq Hidayat RS ◽  
Mayasari Yamin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Viability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tetrazolium Salt ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Normal Seedling ◽  
Best Parameter ◽  
Viable Seeds

This study was aimed to determine the viability rate of rosella seed, to obtain the best result of seed testing for enhancing rosella seed viability, to find the best seed invigoration method for enhancing rosella seed viability, to obtain staining pattern through tetrazolium test of rosella seed, and to determine viability and vigor of rosella seed to be further used as estimation indicator for rosella plant growth in the field. The study was conducted in the Seed Laboratory, Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute (ISFCRI), Malang, East Java during July - August 2018. The material used included accessions of rosella seed (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) ACC. 1148 from the year 2015 and collection of ISFCRI, 100 ml of Tetrazolium solution (40 ml KH2PO4, 60 ml Na2HPO4 and 1 gr of Tetrazolium powder). This research applied Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisted of seed treatments of control (no immersion/0 hour), immersion for 5 hours, immersion for 10 hours, and scarification, each with 4 replications. Result of this study showed that the use of tetrazolium salt was found to be better in enhancing the viability of rosella seeds. Viable seeds was found to have bright red embryonic axis and bright red cotyledon. Testing using paper media on several seed invigoration treatments resulted in significantly different effect on parameters of vigor index, germination capacity, and dry weight of normal seedling. The best parameter of germination capacity and dry weight of normal seedling was obtained by treatment immersed in water at temperature of 27°C for 10 hours

Effects of NPK and ALA on endogenous hormones of Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel under drought stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Zong ◽  
Jun Lv ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad Anjum ◽  
Xiao Wu ◽  
Chao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Zeatin Riboside ◽  
Leymus Chinensis ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Stress Environment ◽  
Negative Impacts

An experiment was conducted to elucidate the negative impacts of drought on growth and hormones of Leymus chinensis. Results showed that plant height, dry weight and zeatin riboside contents declined under drought condition over the control. Whereas indole acetic acid, gibberellic acid and abscisic acid contents were augmented under stress environment over the normal conditions. Exogenous application of NPK and/or 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) depicted more pronouncing response to alleviate adversities of drought. Conclusively, foliar application of 'Urea (1%) + KH2PO4 (1%) + ALA (50 mg/l)' produced better results under drought stress on the evaluated parameters.

scholarly journals Inoculation of diazotrophic bacteria in chicory

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
Caliane da S Braulio ◽  
Rafaela SA Nóbrega ◽  
Luís Cláudio V Silva ◽  
Andreza de J Correia ◽  
Cheila BC de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Aerial Portion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Total Plant

ABSTRACT Inoculating crops with diazotrophic bacteria constitutes a feasible biotechnological tool to reduce or even avoid the use of nitrogen fertilizers and to improve the nutritional status of crops. However, the potential use of such technology is limited due to the lack of studies in diverse vegetable crops. We evaluated the production of chicory (Cichorium intybus) in response to inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria in two soil classes. The experiments were performed under greenhouse conditions and under a completely randomized design. The treatments were constituted by strains UFRB FA34C2-2, UFLA 03-84 and INPA 0311B, and two control treatments (devoid of bacterial inoculation and with and without nitrogen fertilization). Two experiments were carried out, one using a soil classified as a dystrophic yellow Latosol (Oxisoil) and one using a Quartsandy Neosol (Typic Quartzipsamment). Chlorophylls a, b and total; plant height; number of leaves; dry mass of the aerial portion; dry mass of roots; total dry mass; effectiveness; efficiency in addition to N and P gathering in the aerial portion, were evaluated 60 days after seeding. The inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria resulted in adequate production when compared to the control treatment without nitrogen fertilization and without inoculation. Diazotrophic bacteria showed potential supplying nitrogen to chicory plants and spare the use of nitrogen fertilization in both soil classes. The strain INPA 0311B, recommended for cowpea, promoted vegetal growth and increased the dry weight of the aerial portion in chicory, under both dystrophic yellow Latosol (Oxisoil) and Neossolo Quartzarênico (Typic Quartzipsamment), when cultivated under greenhouse conditions.

scholarly journals Potensi dan Karakterisasi Fisiologis Bakteri Endofit Asal Tanaman Kakao Sehat sebagai Pemacu Pertumbuhan Benih Kakao

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-395
Author(s):  
Andi Khaeruni ◽  
Tanza Nirmala ◽  
Waode Siti Anima Hisein ◽  
Gusnawaty Gusnawaty ◽  
Teguh Wijayanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Unit ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

This study aimed to obtain endophytic bacterial isolates originated from healthy cacao plant, potential for plant-growth promoting of cacao seedlings. This study was carried out in the Phytopathology Laboratory Unit of the Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) using ten isolates of endophytic bacteria from healthy cocoa plants as treatments, plus a control treatment. The experiment was conducted in a screenhouse using seed treatment and planted in seedling boxes, containing sterile rice-husk charcoal as a growing medium. The result showed that  three endophytic bacteria tested (isolates 2RPR1, 2RWB2, and 5BRB3) were potential as plant growth-promoting of cocoa seedlings, because the isolates were able to increase seed germination up to 96.67%, relative growth rate up to 90-96.67%, increased plant height up to 47.85-67.17%, root dry weight up to 35.08-52.63%, and canopy dry weight up to 97.71-108.46%. The superiority of the three isolates were related to their abilities to fix nitrogen, dissolve phosphate, as well as to produce indole acetic acid.   Keywords: cacao, endophytic bacteria, plant growth-promoting agent, seed viability

scholarly journals Efektivitas Pelapisan Benih (Seed Coating) Berbahan Aktif Cendawan Antagonis Untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Rebah Kecambah (Damping Off) Kacang Tanah

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Sukma Karina Putri ◽  
Abdul Majid
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the strategic commodities in agriculture that is widely used as food and oil preparations. The constraint in the production of peanut is the Slclerotium rolfsii Sacc attack which causes a loss of 40-75%. Alternative control that using the antagonist Trichoderma harzianum with coating techniques. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of T. harzianum with coating techniques in suppressing S. rolfsii and their effect on seed viability. This research was carried out at the Plant Protection Laboratory and at Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember With the research design used a Factorial Complete Randomized Design. Consisting of 2 factors. The result showed that P2W1 (Kaolin and 1-week storage) effectively controlled S. rolfsii with an effectiveness value of 61,7% extending the 12 days after inoculations for incubation period, being able to maintain a better population of biological agents, 30 % severity, 100 % of viability, dry weight 11,74 grams, and 49,98 % or incidence.

scholarly journals Suitability of tetrazolium test for Tamarindus indica L. seeds

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-522
Author(s):  
Luciana Nunes Cordeiro ◽  
◽  
Riselane de Lucena Alcântara Bruno ◽  
Lucas Kennedy Silva Lima ◽  
Albericio Pereira de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tetrazolium Salt ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

Seed quality is routinely assessed by direct tests, e.g, the germination test, or indirect tests like the tetrazolium test, which has shoown to be promising in the determine viability and vigor, allowing the diagnosis of the main problems that may affect seed quality, such as mechanic damages, field deterioration and storage. In this respect, this study was conducted to develop a tetrazolium test protocol to evaluate the viability and vigor of Tamarindus indica L. seeds. Before exposing the seeds to the tetrazolium solution, seed preconditioning studies were carried out in which seven soaking times were tested. The soaking time that did not cause damage to the seed embryo and allowed the removal of the seed coat to expose the seed structures to the tetrazolium salt was selected. Then, an experiment was set up in a completely randomized design with a 2x3x3 factorial arrangement involving two seed lots, three soaking times in tetrazolium salt (6, 12 and 16 h) and three salt concentrations (0.075, 0.1 and 0.5%), totaling 18 treatments with four replicates of 25 seeds, evaluated at 40 ºC. For each treatment, the seeds were divided into three classes, namely, viable and vigorous embryos (class 1); viable embryos (class 2) and non-viable or dead embryos (class 3). For a comparison with the tetrazolium test results, the two seed lots were analyzed for water content, germination, emergence, first count, germination speed index, emergence speed index, growth and seedling dry weight. The viability and vigor of T. indica seeds can be evaluated after a soaking period of 48 h and immersion for 6h in tetrazolium salt at the concentration of 0.1%, at 40°C, with provides results similar to conventional seed viability tests. The tetrazolium test proved to be adequate to differentiate T. indica seed lots in terms of viability.

scholarly journals Rootstocks Modify Scion Architecture, Endogenous Hormones, and Root Growth of Newly Grafted ‘Royal Gala’ Apple Trees

2011 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben van Hooijdonk ◽  
David Woolley ◽  
Ian Warrington ◽  
Stuart Tustin
Keyword(s):  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Zeatin Riboside ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Primary Shoot ◽  
Final Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gibberellin A1

‘Royal Gala’ apple scions (Malus ×domestica) were grafted onto 1-year-old rootstock stools of ‘M.9’ (M.9), ‘M.M.106’ (MM.106), ‘Merton 793’ (M.793), and ‘Royal Gala’ [R.G (control)] to elucidate how the dwarfing apple rootstock (M.9) modified scion architecture, the time from grafting when this started, and whether changes in scion architecture were explained by some endogenous hormones present within the scion. At the end of the first season of growth (April), the final length and node number of the primary shoot were similar for scions on M.9 and R.G. However, M.9 appeared to limit the number of secondary shoots formed on the primary shoot during summer. In addition, the proportion of secondary shoots that were actively extending in fall was lower for M.9; consequently, the final mean length of the secondary shoots was slightly shorter for M.9 compared with R.G. Collectively, these subtle effects of M.9 significantly reduced the final total shoot length of the scion compared with R.G. The final dry weight of the scion and root system was also lower for M.9 than MM.106, M.793, and R.G. The mean rate of indole-3-acetic acid diffusing from the apex of the primary shoot progressively declined from February onward irrespective of rootstock, whereas the mean concentration of zeatin riboside (ZR) in the xylem sap increased during the same period, and these events appeared to coincide with cumulative increases in the number of axillary growing points formed on the scion. Despite this general trend, M.9 had a greater concentration of ZR in the xylem sap during February compared with R.G, but the primary shoot on M.9 did not develop more axillary growing points, indicating that other endogenous hormonal signals were also involved in regulating scion branching. By March, M.9 lowered gibberellin A19 (GA19) concentration in the xylem sap of the scion significantly compared with R.G. We conclude that dwarfing apple rootstocks may limit root-produced GA19 supplied to shoot apices of the scion, where GA19 may be a precursor of bioactive gibberellin A1 required for shoot extension growth.

Effect of planting date and density on calendula and peppermint herbs

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Rahim Mohammadian ◽  
Behnam Tahmasebpour ◽  
Peyvand Samimifar
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Effect ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Total Maximum

A factorial experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of planting date and density on calendula herbs and peppermint. It had 3 replicates and was done in Khosroshahr research farm, Tabriz in 2006. Under studied factors were: 3 planting dates (10 May, 25 May and 10 June) in 4 densities (25, 35, 45, 55) of the plant in square meters. The results of variance a nalysis showed that there was 1% probability significant difference between the effects of planting date and bush density on the leave number, bush height and the bush dry weight. But the mutual effect of the plant date in mentioned traits density was insignificant. Regarding the traits mean comparison, the total maximum dry weight was about the 55 bush density in mm. Also, the bush high density in mm causes the bush growth and its mass reduction. When there is the density grain, the flower number will increase due to bush grain in surface unit. Overall, we can conclude that 10 June planting and 45 bush density in mm is the most suitable items and results in favored production with high essence for these crops.

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