scholarly journals Effect of Organo-nitrogen Fertilization on N-uptake and Growth Yield of Potatoes using 15N

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Ahmed Moursy ◽  
M. M. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Compost Tea ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Value ◽  
Tuber Production

Fertilization is an important and limiting factor for growth and tuber production of potatoes crop because plants non adsorption amounts of nutrients from the soil. Data obtained the tea compost spray or tea compost fertigation single or mixed with mineral-N. Resulted in grand mean the highest tuber yield of potatoes tea compost methods, the value of tuber yield value (42.34 tan ha -1) which relatively increased by about 15.68%, 11.31% over the untreated addition compost to soil and tea compost fertigation.Also data show that grand mean the highest shoot dry weight of potatoes foliar compost tea methods, the value of tuber yield value (4.79 tan ha -1) which relatively increased by about 41.54%,24.43% over the untreated addition compost to soil and tea compost fertigation. Also data show under methods, fertigaion compost tea, with treatment 50% compost tea+ 50% mineral –N  seems to be the best ones in nitrogen  uptake by tuber potato plant (131.24 kg ha-1). the compost tea fertigation, % Ndff, Ndfcompost in tuber  was much higher for tea compost fertigation (57.74 kg ha-1) ,(56.62 kg ha -1 )than for compost tea foliar methods  (50.21 kg ha-1),(51.84 kg ha-1)  and compost  addition to soil  (33.02 kg ha-1) , (27.82 kg ha-1) respectively . The percentage nitrogen use efficiency (%NUE) by tuber ranged from %9.17 to %16.27 due to (MA1)+R2 and 100 % MF , respectively.

scholarly journals Biosolids Benefit Yield and Nitrogen Uptake in Winter Cereals without Excess Risk of N Leaching

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1482
Author(s):  
Silvia Pampana ◽  
Alessandro Rossi ◽  
Iduna Arduini
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Winter Cereals

Winter cereals are excellent candidates for biosolid application because their nitrogen (N) requirement is high, they are broadly cultivated, and their deep root system efficiently takes up mineral N. However, potential N leaching from BS application can occur in Mediterranean soils. A two-year study was conducted to determine how biosolids affect biomass and grain yield as well as N uptake and N leaching in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum), and oat (Avena byzantina C. Koch). Cereals were fertilized at rates of 5, 10, and 15 Mg ha−1 dry weight (called B5, B10, and B15, respectively) of biosolids (BS). Mineral-fertilized (MF) and unfertilized (C) controls were included. Overall, results highlight that BS are valuable fertilizers for winter cereals as these showed higher yields with BS as compared to control. Nevertheless, whether 5 Mg ha−1 of biosolids could replace mineral fertilization still depended on the particular cereal due to the different yield physiology of the crops. Moreover, nitrate leaching from B5 was comparable to MF, and B15 increased the risk by less than 30 N-NO3 kg ha−1. We therefore concluded that with specific rate settings, biosolid application can sustain yields of winter cereals without significant additional N leaching as compared to MF.

scholarly journals N-(n-Butyl) Thiophosphoric Triamide (NBPT)-Coated Urea (NCU) Improved Maize Growth and Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) in Highly Weathered Tropical Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8780
Author(s):  
Muhammad Muhaymin Mohd Zuki ◽  
Noraini Md. Jaafar ◽  
Siti Zaharah Sakimin ◽  
Mohd Khanif Yusop
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Plant Uptake ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tropical Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is commonly used to supply sufficient N for plant uptake, for which urea is one of the highly preferred synthetic N fertilizers due to its high N content. Unfortunately, N provided by urea is rapidly lost upon urea application to soils through ammonia volatilization, leaching, and denitrification. Thus, treatment of urea with urease inhibitor (N-(n-Butyl) Thiophosphoric Triamide (NBPT)) is among the solutions to slow down urea hydrolysis, therefore reducing loss of NH3 and saving N available for plant uptake and growth. A field study was carried out to evaluate the effects of NBPT-coated urea (NCU) at varying rates on growth, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of maize in tropical soil. The experiment was conducted at Field 15, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, and maize (Zea mays var. Thai Super Sweet) was used as the test crop. The results showed that all maize grown in soils applied with urea coated with NBPT (NCU) (T2, T3, T4, and T5) had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher chlorophyll content compared to the control (T0 and T1). The surface leaf area of maize grown in NCU-treated soils at 120 kg N h−1 (T3) was recorded as the highest. NCU at and 96 kg N ha−1 (T3 and T4) were relatively effective in increasing maize plant dry weight, yield, and N uptake. Improvement of NUE by 45% over urea was recorded in the treatment of NCU at 96 kg N ha−1. NBPT-coated urea (NCU) at 96 kg N ha−1 had potential to increase the growth, yield, nitrogen uptake, and NUE of maize by increasing the availability of N for plant growth and development.

Effects of Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) on Growth, Yield, and Nutrient Status of Transplanted Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanta C. Bhowmik ◽  
Krishna N. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Field studies were conducted to determine the effects of various barnyardgrass populations on growth, yield, and nutrient concentration of transplanted “Jetstar’ tomato. Barnyardgrass densities at 16, 32, and 64 plants/m tomato row were tested in 1982 and 1983. Barnyardgrass shoot fresh weights/unit area increased as density increased. Fresh weight of barnyardgrass shoots ranged from 17 100 kg/ha at 16 plants/m of row to 35 500 kg/ha at 64 plants/m of row. At the vegetative stage, tomato shoot dry weight was unaffected by barnyardgrass. As crop growth progressed, tomato shoot dry weight decreased at all barnyardgrass densities. Season-long interference of barnyardgrass reduced marketable tomato fruit number and fruit weight at all densities compared to weed-free plots. Reductions in marketable fruit weight ranged from 26% to 16 plants/m row to 84% at 64 plants/m row. In 1982, concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in tomato shoots were unaffected by season-long interference of barnyardgrass at all densities. However, in 1983, concentrations of N and K decreased and concentration of P increased in tomato leaves as the density of barnyardgrass increased. Concentrations of Ca and Mg in tomato leaves were unaltered by barnyardgrass density.

Dog mustard (Erucastrum gallicum) response to crop competition

Weed Science ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-403
Author(s):  
David A. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Summer Fallow ◽  
Crop Competition

Greenhouse studies suggested that dog mustard was less competitive than wheat, but of similar competitiveness to flax. In field studies, dog mustard growth and development were markedly affected by crop competition. Competition from flax and wheat reduced dog mustard leaf area, shoot dry weight, plant height, and seed production compared with the weed grown on summer-fallow. Dog mustard was a prolific seed producer when grown in the absence of interspecific competition. On summer-fallow, dog mustard produced as many as 79,100 seeds plant−1when moisture was not a limiting factor. However, average seed production was 19,400 and 8000 seeds plant−1in 1994 and 1995, respectively.

Five years of straw incorporation and its effect on growth, yield and nitrogen nutrition of sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris)

1995 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Allison ◽  
H. M. Hetschkun
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Soil Mineral N ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Fertilizer Use ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Straw Incorporation

SUMMARYIn 1990–92, field experiments were performed at Broom's Barn Experimental Station to study the effect of 5 years' repeated straw incorporation on sugarbeet. Straw incorporation had no effect on plant population density. Processing quality was reduced by incorporated straw but N had a much larger effect. The effect of incorporated straw on the mineral N content of the soils and N uptake by beet was inconsistent, and this may be related to the amount of soil mineral N present when the straw was incorporated. The efficiency of fertilizer use was unaffected by straw incorporation. On Broom's Barn soils when straw was incorporated, the optimal economic N dressing was c. 120 kg N/ha, and in unincorporated plots it was c. 100 kg N/ha. At the optimal economic N rate, incorporated straw increased beet yields.

scholarly journals Peran Eksopolisakarida Azotobacter dan Bahan Organik untuk Meningkatkan Nodulasi dan Biomassa Kedelai pada Dua Ordo Tanah

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Reginawanti Hindersah ◽  
Neni Rostini ◽  
Agustinus Marthin Kalay ◽  
Dan Arief Harsono
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Rhizobium Population

Exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by nitrogen-fixing bacteria Azotobacter protect nitrogenase from oxygen. In legume,EPS plays a role in the immobilization of rhizobia to the roots. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of EPSAzotobacter and organic matter on increasing number of nodules and biomass of soybeans grown in Inceptisols and Ultisols;as well as nitrogen-fixing bacteria population in soybean rhizosphere. The experiment was set up in a completely randomizedblock design with five replications to test combined treatments of two doses of crude EPS and organic matter. Nodule number,shoot dry weight and nitrogen uptake, as well as Azotobacter and Rhizobium population in soybean grown in Inceptisolsfollowing crude EPS and compost application, were higher than those grown in Ultisols. The application of EPS and compostIn Ultisols did not affect the number of nodule and other traits, but in Inceptisols, adding 6.25 g of compost and 20 mL of EPSto each plant increased the number of nodules and shoot weight at 42 days after planting. However, the highest N uptake wasdemonstrated by soybean received 10 mL and 20 mL EPS along with 12.5 g compost.

Effect of Rhizobium inoculation to nodulation and growth of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Germplasm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakka Samudin ◽  
Heru Kuswantoro
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Rhizobium Inoculation ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Inoculation Treatment

Nitrogen is an important macronutrient mineral that is needed in the largest amount by the plant and is the main limiting factor for plant development. Rhizobium is a group of bacteria capable of providing nutrients for soybean crops. When symbiotic with legume crops, this group of bacteria is able to infect plant roots and form root nodules. The study aimed to investigate the effect of Rhizobium on nodulation and growth of some soybean germplasm. The results showed no interaction between the inoculation treatment and the genotype. The significant effect of inoculation was shown by the number of nodules, nodule dry weight, root length, and root dry weight. Inoculation did not affect plant height and shoot dry weight. These traits were more influenced by genetic factors. In the condition without inoculation, the root length was higher but the root dry weight was lower. Plant height differed between the genotypes. KPT5 and KPT6 showed the highest plant height than any other genotypes. Both genotypes also had the highest shoot dry weight. The highest shoot dry weight was also achieved by KPT4.

scholarly journals Variation of Cicer Germplasm to Manganese Toxicity Tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthika Pradeep ◽  
Richard W. Bell ◽  
Wendy Vance
Keyword(s):  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Manganese Toxicity ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Mn Toxicity ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Cicer Echinospermum ◽  
Wild Accessions ◽  
Low Ionic Strength ◽  
Mn Concentrations

After aluminum, manganese toxicity is the most limiting factor for crops grown in acidic soils worldwide. But overall, research on Mn toxicity is still limited. The poor acid tolerance of chickpea may be related to Mn toxicity, but there has been no previous screening of chickpea germplasm (nor in its wild Cicer relatives, Cicer reticulatum and Cicer echinospermum) for tolerance to Mn toxicity. A screening technique was developed for tolerance to Mn toxicity using three released cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L), Ambar, PBA HatTrick, and PBA Striker; one accession each of C. reticulatum and C. echinospermum; and lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) as a Mn-tolerant check, with eight Mn concentrations of 2, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 500 μM Mn as MnSO4 in a low-ionic-strength nutrient solution. The plants were harvested at 14 and 28 days after Mn treatments. The nutrient uptake in shoots (young, old leaves, and the rest of the shoot) and roots was investigated. The best discrimination between tolerant and intolerant Cicer genotypes based on relative shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total root length, and scoring of toxicity symptoms was achieved at 150 μM Mn after 14 days of growth in Mn solution. Among the chickpea cultivars, the greater relative plant growth (both shoot and root) of Ambar and PBA Striker at 100–200 μM Mn contrasted with that of PBA HatTrick, while the C. echinospermum accession was more tolerant to Mn toxicity than C. reticulatum. Manganese tolerance in both domestic cultivars and wild accessions was associated with internal tolerance to excess Mn following greater uptake of Mn and translocation of Mn from roots to shoots.

scholarly journals The use of endophytic growth-promoting bacteria to alleviate salinity impact and enhance the chlorophyll, N uptake, and growth of rice seedling

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 798-806
Author(s):  
Mieke Rochimi Setiawati ◽  
Listiani Sugiyono ◽  
Nadia Nuraniya Kamaluddin ◽  
Tualar Simarmata
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Pseudomonas Stutzeri ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Rice Seedling ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Growth Promoting

Abstract Soil salinity is a major limiting factor for crop productivity, which increases continuously due to climate change. This barrier can possibly be overcome with the occurrence of halotolerant endophytic bacteria which reportedly plays an important role in protecting plants against various environmental stresses. Therefore, plant growth-promoting microbes are used in agriculture as an inexpensive and eco-friendly technology to enhance crop productivity in saline areas. In this study, the three isolates with nitrogen fixation ability were applied for mitigation of salt stress. The isolates were coded as C3A1, C8D2, and K10P4 and applied to rice plants by seed priming method. Furthermore, they were given as single innoculant or combined as a consortium compared to control, which was without the addition of endophytic bacteria, while the inoculated seed was planted on saline semisolid Fahraeus media at 4 dS m−1. The results showed that the single isolate of K10P4 endophytic bacteria increased the dry weight of rice plants, N uptake, and chlorophyll of plants in saline conditions. The combination of K10P4 isolate with C8D2 was synergistic and increased the population of endophytic bacteria in root tissue and chlorophyll content compared to the combination of C3A1 or three isolates. Meanwhile, the use of the 16S ribosomal RNA method on C3A1, C8D2, and K10P4 indentified the isolates as Ochrobactrum tritici (C3A1), Pseudomonas stutzeri (C8D2), and Pseudomonas stutzeri (K10P4).

scholarly journals Identification of effective Rhizobium isolate(s) for efficient symbiosis with soybean under moisture stress conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-121
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Rhizobium Isolate ◽  
Phosphorus Accumulation ◽  
Physiological Tests

The objective of the paper is to observe the effectiveness of Bradyrhizobial species on symbiosis with soybean under moisture stress conditions. In physiological tests, treatment T3: B. daqingense (under irrigated condition) showed significant amount of leghaemoglobin content (1.82 mg). Proline content was recorded highest (2.8 mg g-1 seed) in T8 B. liaoningense in stress. Highest chlorophyll content (1.84 mg/LFW) was recorded in T4 B. liaoningense under irrigated condition. The highest N-uptake in plant shoot, root and grain was obtained in B. daqingense under irrigated condition. Similarly, highest was obtained in in treatment T3 B. daqingense under irrigated condition. At R8 stage, grain yield was significantly highest (6.48 g) in treatment T3 (B. daqingense under irrigated condition). In both irrigated and moisture stress conditions bradyrhizobial strains B. daqingense (treatment T3 and Treatment T7) were most effective in terms of nitrogen fixation, nitrogen accumulation, phosphorus accumulation, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and grain yield as compared to the other treatments.

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