scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of Anaemia among Reproductive-aged Women in Ethiopia: A Nationally Representative Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 687-698
Author(s):  
Alemayehu Siffir Argawu ◽  
Gizachew Gobebo Mekebo ◽  
Ketema Bedane ◽  
Ravi Kanth Makarla ◽  
Bizunesh Kefale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Survey Data ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women

Anaemia in reproductive-aged women is a worldwide health problem. This study was aimed to assess prevalence and determinants of anaemia among reproductive-aged women in Ethiopia. Data for the study were obtained from 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data, which is a national representative cross-sectional data. A Multivariable logistic regression model was applied to identify determinants of anaemia among reproductive-aged women. A total of 14460 women who aged 15 to 49 years were included in the study. Prevalence of anaemia of among reproductive-aged women was 27.08% (95% CI: 22.88, 31.08%). Women living in Afar (AOR=2.439; 95% CI: 2.006, 2.968), Amhara (AOR=1.269; 95% CI: 1.035, 1.556), Somalia (AOR=2.592; 95% CI: 2.142, 3.133), Benshangul-Gumuz (AOR=2.019; 95% CI: 1.666, 2.447), Gambela (AOR=2.465; 95% CI: 2.026, 2.998) were associated with high risk of anaemia. Women with 1 or 2 children (AOR=1.272; 95% CI: 1.103, 1.466), 3 or 4 children (AOR=1.277; 95% CI: 1.059, 1.539) and 5 or more (AOR=1.420; 95% CI: 1.213, 1.662) were associated with high risk of anaemia. Further, pregnant women (AOR=1.408; 95% CI: 1.263, 1.570) were associated with high risk of anaemia. Hence, concerned bodies need to pay special attention to women regarding anaemia based on place of residence and the region.

scholarly journals Practice and perception of Bangladeshi adults toward COVID-19: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdul Wadood ◽  
Lai Lee Lee ◽  
Md. Monimul Huq ◽  
ASMA Mamun ◽  
Suhaili Mohd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World

Abstract Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has continued to spread across the world with increasing number of confirmed cases and death. Preventive measures have still been the only way of slowing down the transmission and prevention of the deadly disease. Practice of preventive guidelines and perception about the disease is important in this regard. We aimed to study on practice to prevent and perception toward COVID-19 among Bangladeshi adults during the rapid rise of the outbreak.Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we conducted an online survey to collect data from 320 Bangladeshi adults during the period of 10-20 April, 2020 with a self-developed questionnaire. For measuring their level of practice, a general question was asked to participants, “Are you properly following the guidelines recommended by WHO to avoid COVID-19? Four type of perceptions; (i) seriousness, (ii) susceptibility, (iii) efficacy, and (iv) carry out the measures of the disease were considered for measuring risk of perception. Frequency distribution, Chi-square (χ2) test and binary logistic regression model were utilized in this study. Results: More than 71% of participants had good practice of always following the guidelines of the World Health Organization to prevent COVID-19. Logistic regression model demonstrated that people living in urban area (p<0.01), high education (p<0.01), rich (p<0.01) and joint family (p<0.01) had the most contributions to good practice. The average risk perception among participants was 3.05±0.75 (median, 3.00) (95% CI of mean: 2.96-3.13). More than 27% participants showed high risk perceptions. It was found that males (p<0.05), high educated (p<0.05), rich (p<0.01), service holders (0.05) and younger adults (p<0.05) had higher odds of high risk perception.Conclusions: The good practice of preventive guidelines and risk perception toward COVID-19 among Bangladeshi adults were satisfactory but not of the expected level. High socioeconomic status and education were significantly correlated with appropriate practice and perception during the peak time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Government should take step to increase the level of practice to avoid and perception toward COVID-19 among Bangladeshi people during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Knowledge Sharing Practice and Its Associated Factors Among Healthcare Providers at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North West Ethiopian: Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addisalem Workie Demsash ◽  
Biniyam Chakilu ◽  
Atsede Mazengia
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background In healthcare, information and knowledge needs of health care providers arise in the patient care process. However, the right information and knowledge at the right time and place to the right person is not reached so far yet. Thus, leads limited knowledge sharing practice among health providers in Ethiopia. Objectives The objectives of the study were to assess knowledge sharing practice and associated factors among healthcare providers at University of Gondar hospital. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted through stratified simple random sampling technique among 423 samples from February 24 up to March 27, 2020. Pretested and self-administered questionnaire was used. Epi info version 7 and stata version 15 software were used for data entry, processing and analysis respectively. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression model were applied to describe the study objects and to assess knowledge sharing practice and its associated factors by considering P value ≤ 0.05. Results 423 respondents were participated with 100% response rate. From the total respondents, 222 of 423 (52.48%) of respondents were male. More than two third (66.90%) of respondents were degree and diploma holders. Nearly three fourth of 423 (74.70%) healthcare providers were under the age group of 21–30 years. The level of knowledge sharing practice among the respondents was 65.01% (95% CI: 60.46–69.56). In multivariable logistic regression model awareness AOR = 2.44, 95% CI= [1.32–4.50], willingness AOR = 1.96, 95% CI= [1.10–3.53], loss of knowledge power AOR = 0.192, 95% CI= [.12-.32], availability of health information resource AOR = 2.00, 95% CI= [1.56–5.38] and opportunity AOR = 2.91, 95% CI= [1.71–4.95] were significantly associated with knowledge sharing practice. Conclusions Knowledge sharing practice of healthcare providers is higher as compared with most studies conducted in Ethiopia. However, it needs further opportunity, resource allocation and supportive leadership.

scholarly journals Prevalence of violence and associated factors among Youth in Northwest Ethiopia: Community-based Cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alehegn Bishaw Geremew ◽  
Abebaw Addis Gelagay ◽  
Telake Azale Bisetegn ◽  
Yohannes Ayanaw Habitu ◽  
Solomon Mekonen Abebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Violence as a known serious public health problem affects people in all stages of life, from childhood to the elderly. In society, one of the most visible forms of violence is young people violence, whereas they, adolescents and young adults, are the main victims of such violence. There was limited information on the burden of violence and factors among this age group. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of violence and its associated factors among youth in Northwest, Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted to estimate the magnitude of violence among youth in Northwest, Ethiopia. The calculated sample size was 1765. A structured and pretested interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. A multi-stage cluster sampling technique was employed to get the study participants. Data were entered using Epi Info version 7 and then exported to STATA 14 for data analysis. The bivariate logistic regression model was employed to identify associated factors. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to determine factors associated with violence. Results From the total 1765 representatives of the youth population, 1597 (90.5%) youth participated in the study. Overall, the prevalence of violence among youth aged 15–24 years for the last 12 months was 21.5%. In the multivariate logistic regression model, factors significantly associated with violence were being married and divorced (AOR= 1.77, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.79) and (AOR=5.67, 95%CI: 2.93, 10.99), respectively, Living with mother’s only (AOR= 1.85, 95% CI: 1.28, 2.66) and father’s only (AOR=2.45, 95% CI: 1.30, 4.63), and substance use (AOR= 2.38, 95% CI: 1.56, 3.66). Conclusions The prevalence of violence among youth was high compared to other studies. Special emphasis should be given to reduce the burden of youth violence and preventing and controlling the identified factors by modifying the existing policies/strategies or developing new strategies and interventions program. Keywords: Violence, Youth, Physical violence, Sexual violence, Psychological violence

scholarly journals Factors predicting knowledge on COVID-19 misconceptions and perception of government efforts in Ghana: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Emmanuel K. Bondah ◽  
Daniel O. Agyemang
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Government

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> With the increasing rate of COVID-19 cases and mortality across the globe, countries and most people have adopted precautionary and preventive measures to avoid been infected with the disease. However, several trending myths and misconceptions also floods the world during this era.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 587 participants (53% males, 78% aged 18-30 years, and 74% having at least tertiary level education) in Ghana, using a convenience snowballing sampling approach. A self-designed questionnaire based on “World Health Organization (WHO) myth-busters” was used for data collection. A logistic regression model was developed to explore variables predicting misconceptions.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>With about 75% of respondents believing they knew “a lot” about coronavirus, 41% (confidence interval: 37-45) reported a high level of knowledge on the new coronavirus misconceptions. Social media (87%), and television/radio (57%) were the major sources of knowledge. Masters/Ph.D. degree education, National democratic congress (NDC) political members, other political party members, excellent self-health ratings, social media, respondents that anticipate a remedy in 1-5 years, and the perception that the government is “not doing enough” in fighting the pandemic, were reported factors predicting knowledge in a multiple logistic regression model (p&lt;0.05). Region of residence, political affiliation, self-health ratings, predicted time of remedy, and level of knowledge on covid-19 misconceptions were also associated with the perception of government efforts (p&lt;0.05).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most Ghanaians have much belief in trending misinformation related to the pandemic. Public health education and campaigns should address these misconceptions and encourage the public to seek information from credible sources.</p>

scholarly journals Factors associated with elevated alanine aminotransferase in employees of a German chemical company: results of a large cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Claus ◽  
Christoph Antoni ◽  
Bernd Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chemical Company

Abstract Background We aimed to determine the prevalence of elevated alanine aminotransferase (eALT) in employees of a German chemical company, and analyze its association with sociodemographic, work- and lifestyle-related factors. Methods The cross-sectional study is based on data surveyed from occupational health check-ups between 2013 and 2018 at the site clinic of a chemical company based in Ludwigshafen, Germany. We used logistic regression analyses to assess the association between sociodemographic, work- and lifestyle-related characteristics and eALT. Quantile regression technique was applied to investigate if associations vary across different quantiles of the ALT distribution. Results Participants (n = 15,348) were predominantly male (78.3%) with a mean age of 42.2 years (SD 10.7). The prevalence of eALT was 18.5% (21.6% in men/7.2% in women) with a geometric mean of 28.9 U/L (32.8 U/L in men/18.5 U/L in women). In the multivariable logistic regression model, odds of eALT were significantly higher for males (OR 2.61; 95%-CI 2.24–3.05), manual workers (OR 1.23; 95%-CI 1.06–1.43), overweight (OR 2.66; 95%-CI 2.36–3.00) or obese respondents (e.g. OR 7.88; 95%-CI 5.75–10.80 for obesity class III), employees who consume any number of alcoholic drinks/week (e.g. OR 1.32; 95%-CI 1.16–1.49 for ≥ 3 drinks per week) and diabetics (OR 1.47; 95%-CI 1.22–1.78). Additionally, season of participation was significantly associated with eALT, with odds being higher for participation in spring, fall or winter, as compared to summer. A significant interaction between age and gender (pInteraction < 0.001) was found, showing approximately a u-shaped age/ALT relationship in women and an inversely u-shaped relationship in men. Quantile regression showed an increasing positive effect of male gender, overweight/obesity, and for diabetics on ALT level when moving from the lowest (q0.1) to the highest (q0.9) considered quantile. Additionally, from the lowest to the highest quantile an increasing negative effect on ALT for older age was observed. Conclusions Prevalence of eALT in our sample of employees can be considered as high, with almost one in five participants affected. Identification of risk groups allows the implementation of targeted preventive measures in order to avoid transition to severe morbidity.

scholarly journals Hyperuricaemia and associated factors among the oldest-old population in the urban areas of Chengdu, China: a community-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e055881
Author(s):  
Xiang-Ji Chen ◽  
Wenqiang Zhang ◽  
Rui-Li Yuan ◽  
Xiao-Bo Huang ◽  
Ya Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of hyperuricaemia among the oldest-old persons in Chengdu and identify associated factors to provide information on achieving healthy ageing in China.DesignA community-based cross-sectional study.SettingJinjiang, Qingyang, Longquanyi locating in the southeast, the northwest and the east of Chengdu, respectively, were chosen as the study sites.ParticipantsA representative sample of 1391 people aged over 80 years were enrolled from September 2015 to June 2016, and 106 participants were excluded due to missing information. Thus, a total of 1285 participants were analysed in this study.Outcome measuresHyperuricaemia was defined as serum uric acid >420 µmol/L in men or serum uric acid >360 µmol/L in women. A univariable logistic regression model and a multivariable logistic regression model were used to estimate the ORs and 95% CI to explore the associated risk factors of hyperuricaemia.ResultsThe overall prevalence of hyperuricaemia among the oldest-old was 29.6%. There was no significant sex difference in the prevalence of hyperuricaemia, 29.1% in men vs 30.0% in women (p>0.05). Hyperlipidaemia and overweight were associated with the risk of hyperuricaemia both in men (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.27 to 2.72; OR 2.44; 95% CI 1.42 to 4.19) and in women (OR 1.78; 95% CI 1.23 to 2.58; OR 2.95; 95% CI 1.89 to 4.61). Additionally, diabetes mellitus was associated with an increased prevalence of hyperuricaemia only in women (OR 1.99; 95% CI: 1.34 to 2.97).ConclusionThe burden of hyperuricaemia is substantial among the oldest-old population in the urban areas of Chengdu, China.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of patients with bronchiectasis with nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in Mainland China: a single center cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjun Yin ◽  
Xiaoying Gu ◽  
Yimin Wang ◽  
Guohui Fan ◽  
Binghuai Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
P Values

Abstract Background The diagnosis and treatment of patients with bronchiectasis and nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) pulmonary disease are challenging issues and the treatment is also prolonged and depends on the species. There is limited information on patients with bronchiectasis and NTM pulmonary disease in Mainland China. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at the China–Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China. Those adult patients who met the diagnostic criteria for bronchiectasis and obtained a culture result of mycobacteria from lower respiratory tract specimens or lung tissue were included in this study. A logistic regression model was used to identify the related factors in patients with NTM pulmonary disease. Results A total of 202 patients with bronchiectasis from 19 cities, 155 without and 47 (23.3%) with NTM pulmonary disease, were included. In all the 47 patients with NTM pulmonary disease, Mycobacterium avium complex was the most common species (66.0%), and 72.3% of them were initiated on standard anti-NTM treatment within 3 months after the diagnosis of NTM pulmonary disease. A larger proportion of patients with NTM pulmonary disease had acute exacerbations of ≥ 3 times within 1 year and were diagnosed bronchiectasis ≥ 50 years among patients with NTM pulmonary disease. The HRCT chest images revealed higher proportions of nodular shadow (100% vs. 35.3%), tree-in-bud sign (97.9% vs. 29.0%), cavities (29.8% vs. 5.8%), and airway dilation of the right middle lobe or the left lingular lobe (63.8% vs. 23.9%) in patients with NTM pulmonary disease than in those without NTM pulmonary disease (all P values = 0.001). The multivariable logistic regression model indicated that three and more abnormal features (OR 33.8; 95% CI 11.1–102.8) and main lesions of bronchial expansion in the middle or lingual lobe (OR 6.4; 95% CI 2.4–16.6) in HRCT chest images were independently associated with NTM pulmonary disease (P values = 0.001). Conclusion In a single center of Mainland China, > 23% of patients with bronchiectasis had NTM pulmonary disease, and most patients were started on standard treatment within 3 months after the diagnosis of NTM pulmonary disease. These findings suggest that patients with bronchiectasis should be thoroughly examined for the presence of NTM pulmonary disease. Trial registration NCT03594032.

scholarly journals Tobacco use and associated factors among adults reside in Arba Minch health and demographic surveillance site, southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Befikadu Tariku Gutema ◽  
Adefris Chuka ◽  
Gistane Ayele ◽  
Wubshet Estifaons ◽  
Zeleke Aschalew Melketsedik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surveillance Site

Abstract Background Tobacco use is one of the world-leading preventable killers. There was a varied prevalence of tobacco use and cigarette smoking across different areas. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with current tobacco use among adults residing in Arba Minch health and demographic surveillance site (HDSS). Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adults residing in Arba Minch HDSS in 2017. The estimated sample size was 3368 individuals which were selected by simple random sampling techniques using Arba Minch HDSS dataset. Data collection tools were obtained from the WHO STEPwise. Current use of tobacco, which defined as the current use of smoked and/or smokeless tobacco, was considered as the dependent variable. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify candidate variables for the multivariable logistic regression model. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at a p-value of less than 0.05 was used to determine a statistically significant association between independent and dependent variables. Result The prevalence of tobacco use among adults was 20.2% (95% CI: 18.9–21.6%). The current use of smoked and smokeless tobacco were 17.1% (95%CI: 15.8–18.4%) and 9.7% (95%CI: 8.8–10.8%), respectively. The current use of tobacco was significantly associated with sex (female [AOR 0.54; 95%CI: 0.42–0.68] compared to men), age group (35–44 [AOR 1.57; 95%CI: 1.14–2.17], 45–54 [AOR 1.99; 95%CI: 1.45–2.74], and 55–64 [AOR 3.26; 95%CI: 2.37–4.48] years old compared to 25–35 years old), physical activity (moderate physical activity level [AOR 0.65; 95%CI: 0.44–0.96] compared with low) and residency (highland [AOR 4.39; 95% CI: 3.21–6.01] compared with at lowlander). Also, heavy alcohol consumption (AOR 3.97; 95% CI: 3.07–5.12), and Khat chewing (AOR 3.07(95%CI: 1.64–5.77) were also associated with the use of tobacco among the study participants. Conclusion Nearly one in five adults used tobacco currently in the study area, which is more than the national reports. Interventions for the reduction of tobacco use need to give due attention to men, older adults, uneducated, poor, and highlanders.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of Dyslipidemia: Data from a Saudi University Clinic

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 416-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Taher Al-Hassan ◽  
Eduardo L. Fabella ◽  
Edric Estrella ◽  
Mohammad Aatif
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prevalent Form

Background: Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between demographic factors and dyslipidemia in Saudi Arabia is not completely explored. Objectives: This analytic cross-sectional study was conducted to describe the lipid profile, determine the proportion and identify significant demographic determinants of dyslipidemia among patients who have undergone lipid profile analysis in a university multispecialty clinic. Methods: The results of lipid profile examination of 1,541 King Faisal University clinic patients from 1 April, 2014 to 7 March, 2016 were compiled and subjected to descriptive and analytical statistics using STATA MP version 14. Multivariable logistic regression model using Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was fitted to analyze the independent predictors of dyslipidemia. Results: The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia, and hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia were 13.8%, 17.0%, 40.0% 12.85%, respectively. Logistic regression revealed that in comparison with those who were 20 years old and below, those who were between the age of 40-49 years were 4.5 times more likely to have hypercholesterolemia and 3.5 times more likely to have hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia. Similarly, those who were 30-39 years old were 4.3 times and 3 times more likely to have hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia, respectively. The same stage group was 3 times more likely to develop hyper-LDL-cholesterolemia. Females were 1.4 times more like to have hypercholesterolemia; non-Saudis were nearly twice as likely to develop hypertriglyceridemia than Saudis. Conclusion: Hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia was the most prevalent form of dyslipidemia. Age, gender and nationality were significant determinants of specific types of dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals Relationship between Serum Homocysteine and Metabolic Syndrome among Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Naderyan Fe'li ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Yassini Ardekani ◽  
Ali Dehghani
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: This study aimed to compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and hyperhomocysteinemia and to specify predictors of the metabolic syndrome among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with schizophrenia and 100 patients with bipolar disorder. The participants' metabolic syndrome was determined according to the criteria set by Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program–Adult Treatment Panel III. Hyperhomocysteinemia was considered as homocysteine levels higher than 15 µmol/L. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, student t test, Mann-Whitney test, and logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was not significantly different (P = 0.07) between patients with schizophrenia (27%) and bipolar disorder (39%). No statistically significant difference (P = 0.17) was observed between patients with schizophrenia (82%) and bipolar disorder (74%) in the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia. The results of multivariable logistic regression model showed a significant association of smoking and BMI with metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia (OR = 3.69, 95% CI: 1.13-12.05, and OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.20-1.60, respectively). In patients with bipolar disorder, BMI was a significant predictor of developing metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.14-1.47). Metabolic syndrome was more prevalent in women than in men in both diagnostic groups (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in hyperhomocysteinemia prevalence between male and female patients with schizophrenia (P = 1.00). However, hyperhomocysteinemia was more prevalent in males than in females among patients with bipolar disorder (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Findings showed a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and hyperhomocysteinemia among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. To deal with this problem, regular monitoring and conducting early interventions are recommended to determine the metabolic risk profile and to prevent the cardiovascular diseases.

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