scholarly journals Using of Some Agro-industrial Wastes for Improving Carotenoids Production from Yeast Rhodotorula glutinis 32 and Bacteria Erwinia uredovora DSMZ 30080

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Gehan F. Galal ◽  
Rania F. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Potato Starch ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Rhodotorula Glutinis ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Sweet Whey ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
High Test

Some agro-industrial wastes such as clarified cane molasses, high test molasses, sweet whey, potato starch and corn steep liquor were tested as carbon sources or nitrogen source for growth and carotenoid accumulation using bacteria Erwinia uredovora DSMZ 30080 and yeast Rhodotorula glutinis number 32. Erlenmeyer flasks containing 100 ml of production media, the flasks were inoculated with 1 ml of standard inoculum and incubated at 150 rpm for 4 days at 30°C. Samples were collected periodical every 24h, cell dry weight and carotenoids concentration were determined. Sweet whey and highest molasses gave the highest growth being 2.85 and 7.34 gl-1, respectively and scored the same layout on carotenoids conc. which reach the peak during stationary phase (72 h of fermentation). Using of high test molasses and sweet whey as carotenoid production media were incremented carotenoid conc. about 1.7 and 2 fold (with respect to reference media). Increasing high test molasses conc. to give 5% initial sugar led to up great growth, carotenoids conc., productivity, yield and Yc/x from Rhodo. glutinis 32 to be 7.31 gl-1, 2.67 mgl-1, 0.037 mgl-1h-1, 0.067% and 0.365, respectively. Furthermore, using corn steep liquor (30%) as nitrogen sources augmented carotenoids concentration about 3.8 and 4fold for incomplete and complete production media using Rhodo. glutinis32. Also, a negligible effect on growth was observed with dark incubation with both strains which dropped about 75 and 48% with regard to control for E. uredovora DSMZ 30080 and Rhod. glutinis 32, respectively, whereas, carotenoids conc. was increased about 21% for E. uredovora DSMZ 30080 in dark condition.

scholarly journals New Recombinant Escherichia coli Strain Tailored for the Production of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) from Agroindustrial By-Products

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 3949-3954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo I. Nikel ◽  
Alejandra de Almeida ◽  
Evelia C. Melillo ◽  
Miguel A. Galvagno ◽  
M. Julia Pettinari
Keyword(s):  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Lactose Repressor ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
By Products

ABSTRACT A recombinant E. coli strain (K24K) was constructed and evaluated for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) production from whey and corn steep liquor as main carbon and nitrogen sources. This strain bears the pha biosynthetic genes from Azotobacter sp. strain FA8 expressed from a T5 promoter under the control of the lactose operator. K24K does not produce the lactose repressor, ensuring constitutive expression of genes involved in lactose transport and utilization. PHB was efficiently produced by the recombinant strain grown aerobically in fed-batch cultures in a laboratory scale bioreactor on a semisynthetic medium supplemented with the agroindustrial by-products. After 24 h, cells accumulated PHB to 72.9% of their cell dry weight, reaching a volumetric productivity of 2.13 g PHB per liter per hour. Physical analysis of PHB recovered from the recombinants showed that its molecular weight was similar to that of PHB produced by Azotobacter sp. strain FA8 and higher than that of the polymer from Cupriavidus necator and that its glass transition temperature was approximately 20�C higher than those of PHBs from the natural producer strains.

scholarly journals Synthesis of the Microbial Polysaccharide Gellan from Dairy and Plant-Based Processing Coproducts

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-244
Author(s):  
Thomas P. West
Keyword(s):  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Microbial Polysaccharide ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Condensed Distillers Solubles

This review examines the production of the microbial polysaccharide gellan, synthesized by Sphingomonas elodea, on dairy and plant-based processing coproducts. Gellan is a water-soluble gum that structurally exists as a tetrasaccharide comprised of 20% glucuronic acid, 60% glucose and 20% rhamnose, for which various food, non-food and biomedical applications have been reported. A number of carbon and nitrogen sources have been tested to determine whether they can support bacterial gellan production, with several studies attempting to optimize gellan production by varying the culture conditions. The genetics of the biosynthesis of gellan has been explored in a number of investigations and specific genes have been identified that encode the enzymes responsible for the synthesis of this polysaccharide. Genetic mutants exhibiting overproduction of gellan have also been identified and characterized. Several dairy and plant-based processing coproducts have been screened to learn whether they can support the production of gellan in an attempt to lower the cost of synthesizing the microbial polysaccharide. Of the processing coproducts explored, soluble starch as a carbon source supported the highest gellan production by S. elodea grown at 30 °C. The corn processing coproducts corn steep liquor or condensed distillers solubles appear to be effective nitrogen sources for gellan production. It was concluded that further research on producing gellan using a combination of processing coproducts could be an effective solution in lowering its overall production costs.

Aerobic degradation 2,4-dinitrotoluene: effect of raw organic wastes and nitrogen amendment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osekhokhune E Okozide ◽  
Sunday Adekunle Adebusoye ◽  
Oluwafemi Sunday Obayori
Keyword(s):  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Nitrogen Amendment ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
The Cost

Abstract 2,4-Dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), a major by-product of the synthesis of 2,4,6- trinitrotoluene, is widely used as a waterproofing, plasticizing and gelatinizing agent in propellants and explosives. Due to its toxicity, the compound is treated as a priority pollutant. Therefore, its removal from contaminated systems is a major focus of research and attention. Contaminated sites in Ibadan, Nigeria were screened for the presence of 2,4,-DNT degrading organisms. The technique of continual enrichment on NACs yielded bacterial isolates able to utilize 2,4-DNT as growth substrate. Based on phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing one of the isolates selected for further study was identified as Proteus sp. strain OSES2. Growth of the strain on 2,4-DNT resulted in exponential increase in biomass and complete substrate utilization within 72 h accompanied with NO 3 - elimination. Degradation competence enhanced in the presence of Corn steep liquor, molasses and Tween 80 compared to incubation without amendment. Conversely, amendment with nitrogen sources yielded no significant improvement in degradation. Use of this organism organic wastes as candidates in bioremediation strategy should be exploited. This would provide a cheaper organic source supplement for cleanup purposes with the ultimate aim of reducing the cost of bioremediation while reducing wastes intended for landfill.

scholarly journals Biotechnological Strategies for Chitosan Production by Mucoralean Strains and Dimorphism Using Renewable Substrates

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4286
Author(s):  
Adriana Ferreira de Souza ◽  
Hugo Marques Galindo ◽  
Marcos Antônio Barbosa de Lima ◽  
Daylin Rubio Ribeaux ◽  
Dayana Montero Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Central Point ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Deacetylation Degree ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Cassava Waste

We investigated the influence of corn steep liquor (CSL) and cassava waste water (CWW) as carbon and nitrogen sources on the morphology and production of biomass and chitosan by Mucor subtilissimus UCP 1262 and Lichtheimia hyalospora UCP 1266. The highest biomass yields of 4.832 g/L (M. subtilissimus UCP 1262) and 6.345 g/L (L. hyalospora UCP 1266) were produced in assay 2 (6% CSL and 4% CWW), factorial design 22, and also favored higher chitosan production (32.471 mg/g) for M. subtilissimus. The highest chitosan production (44.91 mg/g) by L. hyalospora (UCP 1266) was obtained at the central point (4% of CWW and 6% of CSL). The statistical analysis, the higher concentration of CSL, and lower concentration of CWW significantly contributed to the growth of the strains. The FTIR bands confirmed the deacetylation degree of 80.29% and 83.61% of the chitosan produced by M. subtilissimus (UCP 1262) and L. hyalospora (UCP 1266), respectively. M. subtilissimus (UCP 1262) showed dimorphism in assay 4–6% CSL and 8% CWW and central point. L. hyalospora (UCP 1266) was optimized using a central composite rotational design, and the highest yield of chitosan (63.18 mg/g) was obtained in medium containing 8.82% CSL and 7% CWW. The experimental data suggest that the use of CSL and CWW is a promising association to chitosan production.

scholarly journals Renewable Biodiesel Production from Oleaginous Yeast Biomass Using Industrial Wastes

2020 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Sasithorn Kongruang ◽  
Sittiruk Roytrakul ◽  
Malinee Sriariyanun
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Rhodotorula Glutinis ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiling ◽  
Carbon Substrates

The accumulation lipid from oleaginous microorganisms is recognized as a second generation fuel. Biooil is known to as intracellular product of oily yeast utilizing various carbon substrates and converting different quantities of lipids in the form of triacylglycerols. This second generation fuel can be used to make biodiesel via a transesterification process. This study investigated the morphological characteristics of eight strains of Thai oleaginous yeasts via microscopy and analyzed the fatty acid profiling of yeasts cultured in three carbon sources: glucose, sugar cane molasses and crude glycerol in order to estimate biodiesel properties. To approach this goal, batch fermentations were used to culture eight yeast strains, Rhodosporidium toruloides TISTR 5123, TISTR 5154, TISTR 5149, Yarrowia lipolytica TISTR 5054, TISTR 5151, TISTR 5621, Rhodotorula glutinis TISTR 5159 and Rhodotorula graminis TISTR 5124 for 96 h under 30°C at 250 rpm. Result revealed that eight yeast strains contained significant amounts of fatty acids and lipids and accumulated mainly palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C 18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2), and they are suitable for the production of biodiesel. Fatty acid productions and profiles indicated that these yeast strains can be potentially used as the triacylglycerols producers for biodiesel production.

scholarly journals Isolation and Molecular Identification of Phenol Degrading Bacterium from Industrial Wastes, Collected from Jeddah Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1992-2001
Author(s):  
Bothaina A. Alaidaroos
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Degrading Bacterium

In the past two decades, phenolic compounds have had different applications, however their use in densification has increased considerably due to Covid 19. Discharge of these dangerous materials is highly toxic and causes risk and severe problems to the environment and health of human and animals, in addition to it being harmful to the aquatic life. Phenol degradation is very important due to high toxicity and stability. The aim of this study is to isolate phenol-degrading aerobic bacteria from hydrocarbon contaminated soil or wastewater, collected from the industrial area of Jeddah. Minimal medium containing phenol as carbon source was used to isolate different bacteria. About 30 actinomycete isolates were obtained, purified and preserved on Starch nitrate. Out of 30 isolates, eight isolates (27%) grow well in medium containing 0.1% phenol. After growing in broth medium, isolate BA4 and isolate BA8 were very active in phenol degradation. Growth and phenol degradation was measured in liquid medium for the two isolates. Morphological and physiological characters of these isolates were detected using different methods. Using molecular methods, they were belonging to a genus of actinomycetes. They were identified as Streptomyces flavabus BA4 and Streptomyces sp. BA8.The effects of some growth factors on growth and phenol degradation were determined. Growth was measured by dry weight (mg/l) while phenol degradation was detected by assaying the residual phenol concentration. The presence of electron donors such as glucose, starch, glycine, peptone, and Na acetate affect both growth and phenol degradation. It was clear that addition of 1 g/l peptone enhanced both growth and phenol degradation. The isolate use phenol and its derivatives m-cresol and o-cresol as carbon sources and addition of vitamin B complex increased the bacterial growth. In conclusion, phenol degradation was detected by actinobacteria and was affected by some physical and biochemical factors. It was noticed that optimization of growth conditions enhanced both growth and phenol degradation by the two selected Streptomyces isolate. Degradation process by isolate BA4 could be a promising solution for removal of phenol from wastewater.

scholarly journals Biohydrogen Production From Agro-industrial Wastes Using Clostridium Beijerinckii and Isolated Bacteria as Inoculum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter José Martinez-Burgos ◽  
Jair Rosário do Nascimento Junior ◽  
Adriane Bianchi Pedroni Medeiros ◽  
Leonardo Wedderhoff Herrmann ◽  
Eduardo Bittencourt Sydney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Clostridium Beijerinckii ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Steep Liquor

Abstract The search for renewable and sustainable sources of energy has been one of the main goals of society in recent years, especially to reduce the environmental impacts of fossil fuels. One promising alternative is the production of hydrogen, which does not emit greenhouse gases and can be produced from agro-industrial wastes. The Clostridium genus is recorded as having high hydrogen yields compared to other genus, with several producing species. The objective of this work was to evaluate biohydrogen production potential of four agro-industrial residues, which were soft drink wastewater, corn steep liquor, cheese whey, and expired Guaraná soft drink, using one model strain Clostridium beijerinckii ATCC 8260 and newly isolated Clostridium butyricum DEBB-B348. The agro-industrial wastes were characterised in terms of monosaccharide, organic acid, amino acid, cation, and anion concentrations and compared to the literature. After performing subsequent experimental designs, the significant factors were cheese whey concentration, corn steep liquor concentration, and fermentation time for C. beijerinckii, and corn steep liquor concentration and fermentation time for C. butyricum (p ≤ 0.05), with an R2 of 0.950 and 0.895, respectively. The maximum hydrogen volume production was 18.5 ± 1.68 mL and 27.4 ± 1.84 mL for each strain, respectively. The C. butyricum 16s rRNA gene phylogenetic tree and the carbohydrate, organic acid, and amino acid kinetics of the optimum medium are also presented. These results indicate a potential hydrogen production process utilising less expensive substrates, proposing more proper disposal for agro-industrial wastes and using an isolated strain with high yield.

scholarly journals Growth responses of aquatic hyphomycetes to different sources of carbon and nitrogen

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswati Bisht
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Aquatic Hyphomycetes ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Different Sources

Assessment of different sources of carbon and nitrogen in terms of dry weight biomass of four selected aquatic hyphomycetes viz; Flagellospora penicilloides Ingold, Pestalotiopsis submersus Sati and Tiwari, Tetrachaetum elegans Ingold and Tetracladium marchalianum De Wildeman was made for their nutritional requirements. Eight carbon sources and ten nitrogen sources were singly added to the basal media in order to provide 4g of carbon and 1g of nitrogen per litre of distilled water. Among carbon compounds glucose and sucrose were found to be most suitable sources of carbon for all the four fungal isolates, where as fructose proved good for T. marchalianum, P. submersus and F.penicilloides fairly. Cellulose was found a poor source of carbon for the growth of all these isolates. The inorganic sources of nitrogen were found as good nitrogen sources with preference for ammonium ions. Suitability of amino acids was found variable from species to species for nitrogen. T.elegans and T.marchalianum had their maximum growth in asparagines, whereas, P. submersus had their highest growth in proline. Cysteine was observed as a good source of nitrogen for almost all the fungal isolates used. Anova calculated for these observed data showed significant variations in the dry weight production of different fungal species grown in different sources of carbon and nitrogen(P<0.01).

Optimization and kinetics studies on exopolysaccharide production using Klebsiella oxytoca ICCF 419 strain, and glucose as substrate

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 2214-2222
Author(s):  
CATERINA TOMULESCU ◽  
MIȘU MOSCOVICI ◽  
ROXANA MĂDĂLINA STOICA ◽  
GABRIEL BUJOR ALBU ◽  
CLAUDIA SEVCENCO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Logistic Equations ◽  
Maximum Cell ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Optimal Formula

The present work aimed to investigate the efficiency of kinetic modeling and Response Surface Methodology (RSM), by employing a Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) and to evaluate the effects of carbon and nitrogen sources, inoculation volume, and bioprocess time on an exopolysaccharide (EPS) producer, Klebsiella oxytoca ICCF 419, in batch fermentation with shaken flasks. Among the kinetic models tested, logistic equations were found to fit accordingly, with a correlation coefficient (R2 ) of 0.999. The interaction between glucose and corn steep liquor was found to have a significant impact on the EPS production, and glucose (2% w/v), and a 5% v/v inoculum of 24 hours age, are sufficiently to positively affect the bioprocess, if it is desired only a maximum cell growth, but not associated with the polymer synthesis. The optimal formula predicted by the RSM design was experimentally validated by the following results: 12.16 g EPS/L and 1.65 dry biomass/L, after 48 hours fermentation.

scholarly journals Extra- and intra-cellular lipases from a thermophilic Rhizopus oryzae and factors affecting their production

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 978-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Salleh ◽  
R. Musani ◽  
M. Basri ◽  
K. Ampon ◽  
W. M. Z. Yunus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Intracellular Enzyme ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Steep Liquor

A thermophilic Rhizopus oryzae was isolated, and parameters affecting its production of extra- and intra-cellular lipases were investigated. All carbon sources tested with the exception of sucrose generally inhibited the production of extracellular lipase, but enhanced the production of intracellular lipase. Peptone was the best substrate for extracellular enzyme production, but for intracellular lipase production other substrates such as tryptone, tryptic soy digest, polypeptone, and corn steep liquor gave comparable results. Among lipid substrates, glycerol was the only stimulator of extracellular enzyme production, whereas olive oil, triolein, and oleic acid had very positive effects on intracellular enzyme production. Shaking enhanced the production of both types of enzymes; the temperature optima were 45 and 37 °C for extra- and intra-cellular lipases, respectively. A pH of 5.0 was optimal for production of both enzymes.Key words: lipases, Rhizopus oryzae, production.

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