scholarly journals Industrial characteristics of sugarcane varieties under semi-arid conditions and different irrigation depths

2019 ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
Polliana Basilia Santana, Ignacio Aspiazu ◽  
D.T. Pinheiro, M.F.F. Xeira, H.C. dos Santos Junior ◽  
Édio Luiz da Costa ◽  
Marcos Koiti Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Technological Performance ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Sugarcane quality for industry directly depends on irrigation, especially in semi-arid regions. This study aimed to evaluate the technological performance for industry of six sugarcane varieties at five irrigation depths. Sugar-cane Brix and Pol%, juice Brix and Pol%, fiber, purity, reducing sugars and total sugars were evaluated 11 months after planting. The experiment was conducted in Brazil, in the semi-arid region of Minas Gerais state. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, in a subdivided parcel scheme (6 x 5) and four repetitions. Different irrigation depths did not affected Brix. The cultivar RB83-5486 presented the highest value for juice Pol%, among the evaluated varieties. Juice Pol% and sugar-cane Pol% presented similar behavior, and displayed the highest values at the 1081 mm irrigation depth. In general, the analyzed varieties presented low fiber content. All the analyzed varieties surpassed 80% purity. The highest irrigation depths enhanced purity. The highest value was obtained at the 1081 mm depth. Decreased reducing sugars and increased total reducing sugars were observed at the highest depths and the highest accumulation was found at the 1081 mm depth. As conclusion for industrial characteristics, the irrigation presented potential to enhance the technological performance of sugarcane in semi-arid conditions. Considering the technological performance for industry, the cultivar RB83-5486 has good potential to be used under the studied conditions. When higher levels of fiber and reduced sugars are desired, lower irrigation depths are recommended.

scholarly journals Nutrient support via fertigation with domestic effluent and growth of cotton

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1135
Author(s):  
Francisco Gonçalo Filho ◽  
Miguel Ferreira Neto ◽  
Cleyton dos Santos Fernandes ◽  
Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá ◽  
Nildo da Silva Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cotton Plants ◽  
Phosphate Fertilization ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Domestic Effluent ◽  
Semi Arid

Because of climatic problems in the Brazilian semi-arid region, it is of fundamental importance to seek a culture that considers water scarcity and available natural resources. Thus, a randomized block design, with subdivided plots and six replications, was carried out in the experimental area of the treatment and wastewater reuse station of the Milagres Settlement, Apodi, Brazil, with the objective of evaluating cultivation of herbaceous cotton (Gossipyum hirsutum) fertigated with domestic sewage treated in a semi-arid environment. Two cultivation cycles were carried out, and the cotton plants were fed with three different solutions containing treated domestic sewage (TDE) plus supply water (PSW), to supply the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) (100% PSW – control, 50% PSW + 50% TDE and 100% TDE), with and without phosphate fertilization in pre-planting. The contribution of nutrients to the soil and plant growth were analyzed. The results indicated that the wastewater presents potential fertilizer, reaching to the soil amounts of some nutrients exceeding the cotton’s needs, when 100% of the ETc was supplied via fertigation with domestic effluent, resulting in an increase in the growth rates of the plants. There was no interaction between the percentages of wastewater and phosphate fertilization in pre-planting. Phosphorus alone promoted significant variation only in the first cycle, indicating that there is a residual fertigation effect with domestic effluent on the nutrient supply.

scholarly journals Response of Rapes (Brassica napus L.) to Nano- Iron Fertilization under semi-arid Region conditions

Bionatura ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamiaa A. Mutlag ◽  
Nagam A. Meshaimsh ◽  
Hasan H. Mahdi ◽  
Raghad S. Mouhamad ◽  
Hasan H. Khamat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

The field experiment was conducted in the season of 2017-2018 at the Agricultural Research Department-AL-Azafrinih/Baghdad-Iraq. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding the Foliar Fe fertilization (Nano-Fe) and ground fertilization of (N, P) in the growth and production yield of rapes (Brassica napus L.). The experiment included three levels of foliar fertilization (Nano-Fe) that is (0, 5, 10 Kg. ha-1) and one level of ground fertilization (N 100 Kg. ha-1, P 250 Kg. ha-1). The experiment designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replications each parameter. The studied traits were nutrients content (macro-micro) in seeds and soil, the percentage of protein, oil, and carbohydrate. All data were analyzed and used statistically. Results showed a significant difference between Nano-Fe fertilization and nutrient content (N, Mn, K, Ca, Mg, S, and Cu), pH in soil at the level of 10 kg. ha-1, compared to no-fertilization. Moreover, the significant difference between Nano-Fe fertilization, yield (1425.6 kg. ha-1), the percentage of oil (52.16%), protein content in seeds (46.5%), carbohydrate (26.8%), Nutrient content N and P in seeds at the level of 10 kg. ha-1, compared to no-fertilization and the nutrient content (Ca, Mg, Fe) in seeds at levelof5 kg. ha-1, compared to no-fertilization. Current results suggested that Nano-Fe fertilization at the level of 10 kg. ha-1 can be adopted as the best level for rapes (Brassica napus L.) cultivation under semi-arid conditions.

In situ degradability of dry matter and neutral-detergent fibre of thorn scrubland forage consumed by goats in the semi-arid region of north Mexico

2004 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. S. Juárez ◽  
E. R. Montoya ◽  
C. G. Nevarez ◽  
S. M. A. Cerrillo ◽  
F. L. Mould
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

AbstractThree goats provided with oesophageal and ruminal cannulae were used to determine variations in dry matter (DM) and neutral-detergent fibre (NDF) degradability of the forage consumed when grazing thorn scrubland in the semi-arid region of north Mexico, during two consecutive dry and wet periods. Ingesta samples were incubated intraruminally, the data were fitted to the exponential equation P = a + b (l - e-ct) and statistically analysed using a randomized-block design. Organic matter and crude protein (CP) contents were higher (P < 0.05) in the wet seasons. Values of NDF were similar in dry and wet season of both years whereas higher numerical values of acid-detergent fibre (ADF), lignin and cellulose were registered in the dry seasons. DM and NDF degradabilities after 24 and 48 h of ruminal incubation were higher (P < 0.05) in the wet seasons. Higher values (P < 0.05) in DM and NDF bag losses at zero time (A fraction) were registered in the two wet seasons. The insoluble but fermentable DM and NDF (B fractions) were higher (P < 0.05) in the 1999 wet season and variable in the rest of the studied period. Numerically higher values of DM and NDF c fraction were found in wet periods, whereas DM and NDF potential degradabilities were higher (P < 0.05) in the wet season in 1999 and similar across seasons in 2000. Lowest (P < 0.05) contents of CP in grazed forage, DM and NDF degradabilities after 48 h of ruminal incubation, and A, and B, and c fractions were observed in the dry seasons. Thus, these results may be related to both the lower feeding value of forage consumed by the animals and lower performance of livestock during this period. Then, the DM and NDF degradability after 48 h, together with the insoluble but fermentable matter and the c fraction permit the nutritive value of the forage consumed by grazing goats to be accurately described.

scholarly journals EFICIÊNCIA FOTOQUÍMICA EM CLADÓDIOS DE PALMA FORRAGEIRA ‘GIGANTE’ CULTIVADA SOB DIFERENTES ESPAÇAMENTOS E ADUBAÇÃO MINERAL

Nativa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
Cleiton Fernando Barbosa Brito ◽  
Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues Donato ◽  
Alessandro De Magalhães Arantes ◽  
João Abel Da Silva ◽  
Paulo Emílio Rodrigues Donato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Cam Plants ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Cactus Pear ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

A associação de fatores no sistema solo-água-planta-atmosfera, como adubação, espaçamento entre plantas e disponibilidade hídrica, pode influenciar a atividade fisiológica em palma forrageira nas condições adversas do semiárido. Assim, objetivou-se determinar a eficiência fotoquímica em cladódios de palma forrageira ‘Gigante’ cultivada sob diferentes espaçamentos e adubação mineral em região semiárida, no período seco e chuvoso. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial 4 x 3 x 7, com três repetições. O primeiro fator foi constituído de quatro adubações (000-000-000; 000-150-000; 200-150-000 e 200-150-100 kg ha-1 de N-P2O5-K2O), o segundo, por três espaçamentos (1,0 x 0,5; 2,0 x 0,25 e 3,0 x 1,0 x 0,25 m) e o terceiro por sete horários de leitura (6; 8; 10; 12; 14; 16 e 18 h). Foram realizadas leituras de fluorescência da clorofila “a” em cladódios de palma forrageira nas épocas seca e chuvosa com auxílio de um fluorômetro de luz modulada. Verificou-se ajustes cúbicos para as variáveis de fluorescência da clorofila “a” ao longo dia com magnitude de respostas diferenciadas nos períodos seco e chuvoso. Os cladódios de palma forrageira ‘Gigante’ sofrem alterações no fotossistema II na época seca nas condições fisiográficas do semiárido baiano e na época de chuvas o rendimento fotossintético em cladódios de palma forrageira é considerado ideal com variações ao longo do dia. Palavras-chave: arranjo de plantas; Opuntia; plantas CAM.   Photochemical efficiency in cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under different spacing and mineral fertilization   ABSTRACT: The association of factors in the soil-water-plant-atmosphere system, such as fertilization, spacing between plants and water availability, can influence the physiological activity in cactus pear in the adverse conditions of the semiarid. Thus, the objective was to determine the photochemical efficiency in cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear cultivated under different spacing and mineral fertilization in the semi-arid region, in the dry and rainy season. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a 4 x 3 x 7 factorial scheme with three replicates. The first factor consisted of four fertilizations (000-000-000, 000-150-000, 200-150-000 and 200-150-100 kg ha-1 of N-P2O5-K2O), the second one, by three fertilizations (1.0 x 0.5, 2.0 x 0.25 and 3.0 x 1.0 x 0.25 m) and the third by seven reading times (6 a.m., 8 a.m., 10 a.m., 12 p.m., 2 p.m., 4 p.m. and 6 p.m). Fluorite readings of “a” chlorophyll were carried out in forage palm cladodes in the dry and rainy seasons with the help of a light modulated fluorometer. Cubic adjustments wereobserved for the fluorescence variables of “a” chlorophyll along day with magnitude of differentiated responses in dry and rainy periods. The cladodes of ‘Giant’ cactus pear alterations suffer in photosystem II in the dry season in the physiographic conditions of the Bahia semi-arid and in the rainy season the photosynthetic yield in cladodes of forage palm is considered ideal with variations along the day. Keywords: arrangement of plants; Opuntia; CAM plants.

scholarly journals Morphophysiological aspects of ornamental sunflowers cultivated in different growing seasons under semi-arid conditions

2022 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Sheila D. P. da Silva ◽  
Gracielle P. de Souza ◽  
Agnaldo R. de M. Chaves ◽  
Marcelle A. da Silva ◽  
Rafaela R. de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Semi Arid

ABSTRACT Knowledge of how climatic conditions affect plant morphophysiology is essential for understanding how to manage the growth cycles of different crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the growing seasons in a semi-arid area on the morphophysiological variables of ornamental sunflower plants. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design in a split-plot arrangement with four replicates. Six cultivars (‘Bonito de Outono Sortido’, ‘Sol Noturno’, ‘Sol Vermelho’, ‘Jardim Amarelo Alto’, ‘Girassol F1 Sunbright Supreme’ and ‘Girassol F1 Vincents Choice’) were evaluated in the main plots and two different growing seasons (GS) in the subplots (GS1 - warm climate and GS2 - mild climate). Evaluations of gas exchange, chlorophyll indices, and leaf surface area were carried out at the reproductive stage (R5.5). The cultivation of ornamental sunflowers in semi-arid regions was significantly affected by the growing season. Changes in gas exchange variables and the morphophysiology of ornamental sunflower plants in the two growing seasons reflected the high phenotypic plasticity characteristic of this species. The cultivation of ornamental sunflowers under semi-arid conditions in the growing season, when air temperature and solar radiation are high, could be limited due to elevated transpiration rates. Therefore, it is recommended that they are grown mainly during the moderate climatic season in semi-arid regions.

scholarly journals Phenology and production of guava tree cv. “Paluma” pruned at different seasons in Mossoro – RN, Brazil.

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-383
Author(s):  
Wagner César Farias ◽  
Francisco Mickael Medeiros Câmara ◽  
Eduardo Castro Pereira ◽  
José Maria Costa ◽  
Gustavo Alves Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Fruit Harvest ◽  
Agronomical Traits ◽  
Semi Arid

The pruning allows fruit harvest in different periods, according to the grower decision, being economically viable. The harvest can be scheduled according to the agronomical traits and due to the market price. The experiment was conducted in the didactic orchard of the Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region (UFERSA), from April 2013 to December 2014, in the municipality of Mossoro-RN. It was carried out in a randomized block design, with treatments arranged in a split-plot, which were composed by pruning periods, conducted in April (2013), November (2013) and July (2014). The subplots consisted of pruning intensities (short, medium and long); with four repetitions, where the experimental unit consisted of two plants that was pruned with 8 marked branches. From pruning to harvest, the the following botanical characteristics were evaluated in the marked branches: number of emitted sprouts by branches pruned at the day 15th (NBE); number of established branches by branches pruned at the day 50th (NRE); number of productive branches (NRP); vegetative number (VRN) and the total number of fruits (NFT). The evaluated characteristics presented a significant effect. The long pruning resulted in a higher number of fruits for all evaluated seasons. The best months for pruning was November and July. The guava tree ‘Paluma’ cycle, from pruning to harvest can vary according to the period of pruning, with 132 days in July and 150 days in April. durando entre 132 em julho a 150 dias em abril.  

scholarly journals Irrigation with saline water on pineapple grown in the semi-arid of bahia state

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleiton Fernando Barbosa Brito ◽  
Varley Andrade Fonseca ◽  
Marcelo Rocha dos Santos ◽  
Alessandro de Magalhães Arantes ◽  
Sergio Luiz Rodriguez Donato
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Plant Grown ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid

We aimed to evaluate the effects of different irrigation depths with saline water on growth, yield, water-use efficiency, and fruit quality of ‘Pérola’ pineapple plant grown in the semi-arid of Bahia state. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with five treatments which represented the irrigation depths: 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) with irrigation water of 0.75 dS m-1 in electrical conductivity (ECiw); and 50, 75,100, and 125% of ETc with water of 3.6 dS m-1 in ECiw. Pineapples were grown under field conditions watered by drip irrigation in which pressure compensating emitters had 8 L h-1 flow rate. We observed that the irrigation depth 100% of ETc with water of 0.75 and 3.6 dS m-1 in ECiw provides higher pineapple yields under the semi-arid conditions of this study, and the chemical quality of the fruits are up to commercial standards, except when applying 125% of ETc with water of 3.6 dS m-1 in ECiw.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization of Some Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)Genotypes Growing under Semi-Arid Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-730
Author(s):  
Guendouz Ali ◽  
◽  
Hannachi Abderrahmane ◽  
Fellahi Zine El Abidine ◽  
Benalia Frih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Triticum Durum Desf ◽  
Semi Arid

Breeders are permanently looking for an efficient method of developing genotypes with improved yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of some durum wheat genotypes, the study of the correlations between traits and the direct effect of each trait on final grain yield. Twenty genotypes of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) were planted in the experimental fields of INRAA, Setif, Algeria in (2016 –2017) crop season. The genotypes tested were grown in a randomized block design with three replications. The analyses of variance (ANOVA) demonstrate the existence of genetic diversity between genotypes tested. In addition, significant and positive correlations were registered between grain yield (GY) and days to heading (DH), number of spikes per square meter (NSM) and number of kernels per spike (NKS). The path analysis (PA) demonstrates positive and significant direct effects of the number of spikes per square meter (NSM), thousand kernels weight (TKW) and number of kernels per spike (NKS) on grain yield. Overall, the results proved that the genotypes Rezzak, Ofanto and BIDI 17 have the best ranking with the highest grain yield, and these can be recommended as the best genotypes for some in this area. In addition, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) proved that the genotypes Rezzak, Bidi17, Ofanto, Kebir and Adnan 2 are very suitable genotypes for growing under semi-arid conditions.

scholarly journals Edaphoclimatic Conditions of the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region Affect the Productivity and Composition of Sunflower Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Valéria Fernandes de Oliveira Sousa ◽  
Gisele Lopes dos Santos ◽  
Josemir Moura Maia ◽  
Carlos Henrique Salvino Gadelha Meneses ◽  
Marília Hortência Batista Silva Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

It has been suggested that fatty acid balance in standard sunflower oil may be influenced by the genotype of the plant or by variation in environmental growth conditions. Therefore, this study analysed aspects of sunflower productivity and oil quality obtained from achenes of plants cultivated in a semi-arid environment, resulting from seed obtained from other regions with different edaphoclimatic characteristics. The experiment was conducted between February and May, in a Brazilian semi-arid area. At 90 days after sowing (DAS), the physiological maturation period, tissue was harvested, and the yield of plant green matter, oil and oil per hectare was evaluated. A comparative analysis of the oil content of achenes before and after planting (parental v progeny) was performed. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design of 4 treatments (genotypes), Embrapa122, BRSG01, Helio253 and Helio250, and 4 replications, for a total of 16 experimental plots, with each plot constituting 8 plants. In this study, sunflowers were produced in the climatic conditions of the Brazilian semi-arid region with biomasses, achenes and oil contents that were different from other crop productions in the country, providing the possibility of obtaining oil with a distinct chemical composition.

scholarly journals Economic Use of Water in Drip-Irrigated Maize in Semi-Arid Region of Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Samuel Silva ◽  
Rafaela Felix Basilio Guimarães ◽  
Ronaldo Do Nascimento ◽  
Hallyson De Oliveira ◽  
Iêdo Teodoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Economic Yield ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Physical Productivity

The objective of this study was to determine the economic level of drip irrigation for the crop of maize in the region of backwoods of Alagoas in Brazil, aiming at a sustainable production and economically viable. For this, the hybrid AG7088 was submitted to five irrigation levels (40, 80, 120, 160 and 200% of ETc) in an experiment developed at the Federal Institute of Alagoas/Campus Piranhas, with a randomized block design and four replications. Harvesting was carried out 98 days after planting, where grain yield with 12% moisture reached 2.1 and 11.8 Mg ha-1 and water use efficiency of 181.8 and 55.3 mm Mg-1 in treatments with 40 and 160% of ETc, respectively. The maximum a physical productivity estimated by the production function was 11.3 Mg ha-1, obtained with 919 mm of irrigation water. The maximum economic yield was 11.1 Mg ha-1, obtained with level of 841 mm (160% ETc).

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