scholarly journals AMIANTO NÃO! O MANEJO DAS TELHAS DE FIBROCIMENTO E PERSPECTIVAS PARA DESAMIANTIZAÇÃO NA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA, EM SALVADOR-BAHIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Flavia Adorno Landim ◽  
Claudia De Oliveira D'Arêde ◽  
Luiz Roberto Santos Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Asbestos Cement ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Adequate Supervision

<p>Ao se estudar e analisar resíduos sólidos, nota-se a relação entre os aspectos ocupacionais, ambientais e de saúde. Os resíduos sólidos provenientes de materiais contendo amianto são comprovadamente nocivos, causando o adoecimento dos trabalhadores e culminando em uma questão de saúde pública. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o manejo das telhas de fibrocimento contendo amianto e a existência de perspectivas de desamiantização nas instalações da Universidade Federal da Bahia em Salvador/BA. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa em que a coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com trabalhadores telhadistas, servidores, estudantes e professores dessa universidade e por meio do exame das legislações vigentes. A análise documental mostrou que os dispositivos legais e normativos identificados carecem de recursos e ações para serem implementados e que não há uma política de incentivo à desamiantização, assim como revelou a carência de áreas públicas para destinação final ambientalmente adequada do material contaminado e a falta de uma fiscalização apropriada. A pesquisa não identificou haver uma perspectiva de desamiantização na UFBA, apesar de ter constatado a existência de pessoas expostas ao risco invisível provocado pelo amianto. O estudo mostra um cenário de degradação ambiental e preocupante para a saúde coletiva, mas que também estimula a discussão de soluções e o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas.</p><p> </p><p>NO ASBESTOS! THE MANAGEMENT OF FIBROCEMENT TILES AND PERSPECTIVES FOR DEAMIANTIZATION IN THE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF BAHIA, IN SALVADOR - BAHIA</p><p>When studying and analyzing solid waste, the relationship between occupational, environmental and health aspects is noted. Solid waste from materials containing asbestos is proven to be harmful, causing workers to become ill and culminating in a public health issue. The present work aimed to analyze the handling of asbestos-cement tiles and the existence of prospects for deactivation in the Federal University of Bahia facilities in Salvador / BA. This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach in which data collection took place through semi-structured interviews with roofing workers, servers, students and professors at this university and through the examination of current legislation. The documentary analysis showed that the legal and normative provisions identified lack resources and actions to be implemented and that there is no policy to encourage deactivation, as well as the lack of public areas for the environmentally appropriate final disposal of contaminated material and the lack of adequate supervision. The research did not identify a prospect of deactivation at UFBA, despite having found the existence of people exposed to the invisible risk caused by asbestos. The study shows a scenario of environmental degradation and worrying for public health, but which also stimulates the discussion of solutions and the development of new research.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Perceptions of Antibiotic Use and Resistance: Are Antibiotics the Dentists’ Anxiolytics?

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Julie Dormoy ◽  
Marc-Olivier Vuillemin ◽  
Silvia Rossi ◽  
Jean-Marc Boivin ◽  
Julie Guillet
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Public

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a global health crisis. The aim of this study was to explore dentists’ perceptions of antibiotic resistance. Methods: A qualitative method was used. Seventeen dentists practising in the Nancy (Lorraine, France) region were surveyed. They were general practitioners or specialised in oral surgery, implantology, or periodontology. The practitioners took part in semi-structured interviews between September 2019 and July 2020. All of the interviews were transcribed in full and analysed thematically. Results: Four major themes have been selected: attitudes of the dentists in regard to the guidelines, clinical factors that influence prescriptions, non-clinical factors that influence prescriptions, and the perception of antibiotic resistance. The dentists stated that they were very concerned regarding the public health issue of antibiotic resistance. However, they often prescribe according to their own interests and habits rather than according to the relevant guidelines. Conclusions: Although dentists are generally well aware of antibiotic resistance, they often do not adequately appreciate the link between their prescribing habits and the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance. Regular updating of practitioners’ knowledge in this regard is necessary, but patients and the general public should also be made more aware of the issue.

Internationalization challenges for SMEs: evidence and theoretical extension

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashna Ashwini Chandra ◽  
Justin Paul ◽  
Meena Chavan
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Performance ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The paper aims to examine new research on the internationalization of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Pacific Island Nation country Fiji. Design/methodology/approach A multiple case qualitative method was used which adopted a purposeful sampling methodology through semi-structured interviews to test propositions and present preliminary findings. Findings The authors find that, SME internationalization in Fiji is driven by management competence (MC) and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and is hindered by the unfavourable institutional environment. The authors then develop a conceptual model and propositions to further explore these enablers and the inhibitors of Fiji SME internationalization. The authors’ findings have important implications for managers in improving their firms’ international performance. Originality/value This is a pioneering effort to evaluate the relationship between the factors of EO, MC and institutional distance and their impact on the international performance of SMEs. This paper contributes to the existing literature on international entrepreneurship through the examination of SMEs’ internationalization activities in Fiji.

scholarly journals Local Alcohol Policy Implementation in Scotland: Understanding the Role of Accountability within Licensing

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Wright
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Alcohol Policy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Health Goals ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Guidance Documents ◽  
Specific Implementation

Scotland has been ambitious in its policy and legislative efforts to tackle alcohol-related harm, efforts which include the innovative feature of a ‘public health objective’ within local alcohol licensing. However, the persistence of alcohol-related harms and inequalities requires further examination of both the overarching Scottish alcohol strategy and its specific implementation. A qualitative case study was undertaken to explore how alcohol policy is implemented locally in Scotland, with data generated from (i) documentary analysis of 12 relevant policies, legislation, and guidance documents; and (ii) a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 54 alcohol policy implementers in three Scottish localities and nine national-level stakeholders. The data suggest there is a tension between the intentions of licensing legislation and the way it is enacted in practice, and that accountability emerges as an important factor for understanding why this occurs. In particular, there are a lack of accountability mechanisms acting upon Scottish Licensing Boards to ensure they contribute to the public health goals of the Scottish alcohol strategy. From a public health perspective, this has perpetuated a system in which Licensing Boards continue to act with autonomy from the rest of the alcohol policy implementation system, creating a challenge to the achievement of public health goals. Alcohol policy in Scotland is likely to fall short of intended goals as long as the tension between licensing legislation and enacted licensing practices remains.

scholarly journals “Lixo”, Limpeza Urbana e Educação Ambiental na Implantação da Coleta Seletiva de Lixo em Porto Alegre

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (55) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson José Ferreira de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Garbage Collection ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Government Action ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Collection Program

Resumo: Esse artigo analisa o processo de gênese da noção de proteção ambiental como uma das principais diretrizes da ação governamental na administração e gestão dos resíduos sólidos. Tomando como referencial empírico a implantação do programa de Coleta Seletiva em Porto Alegre em 1992, tratou-se de demonstrar que a utilização do referencial ambientalista esteve associado a uma multiplicidade de definições, resultando na agregação de organizações e interesses bastante diversificados na condução deste programa. Tais resultados evidenciam as relações entre os referenciais das políticas públicas e as características próprias do modo de organização e de funcionamento das instituições adminsitrativas e burocráticas. Palavras-chaves: práticas estatais; políticas públicas; proteção ambiental; resíduos sólidos “TRASH”, PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION  Abstract: This article analyzes the genesis of the notion of environmental protection as a reference for government action in the administration and management of solid waste. Based on the implementation of the Selective Garbage Collection program in Porto Alegre in 1992, we demonstrated that the use of the environmental framework was associated with a multiplicity of definitions, resulting in the aggregation of diverse organizations and interests in the leading of this program. Such results show the relationship between public policy references and the dynamics of organization and functioning of administrative and bureaucratic institutions.Keywords: state practices; public policy; environmental protection; solid waste

Adolescent Victims Emerging From Cyberbullying

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1584-1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvina Brandau ◽  
Tracy A. Evanson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes ◽  
Adolescent Victims ◽  
Theory And Model

Cyberbullying is a pervasive public health issue, affecting 10% to 50% of adolescents and resulting in significant negative health outcomes. Due to the relative newness of cyberbullying, there are many elements of the phenomenon that are not understood. Fifteen adolescents and young adults who had experienced cyberbullying as adolescents, participated in one-on-one, semi-structured interviews. A grounded theory and model, Emerging From Cyberbullying, was constructed to describe the process of being a victim of cyberbullying. The process began by Being Targeted and a cycle of Being Cyberbullied, Losing Oneself, and Attempting to Cope followed. Once out of the cycle, victims could begin the process of Resolving and Finding Oneself. This theory can be used to inform cyberbullying prevention efforts and adolescent providers can utilize this theory to understand the process of being a victim of cyberbullying, promote open discussions with adolescents about cyberbullying, and offer suggestions for effective methods to cope.

scholarly journals Pushing for the same thing on the same set of tracks: a qualitative study exploring the anti-trafficking response in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Julia Burns ◽  
Keiko Chen ◽  
Hanni Stoklosa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Indian States ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background Human trafficking is a critical public health issue particularly pervasive in the Indian states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh (UP), which share a border with Nepal. Many NGOs are participating in prevention, protection, prosecution, and capacity building initiatives. The aim of this study was to identify factors hindering and enhancing the efficacy of anti-trafficking programs in the region. Methods A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews and focus groups with key stakeholders in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Nepal. Results Thematic analysis revealed that the barriers hindering the anti-trafficking movement include police corruption, insufficient enforcement of national law, discrimination toward trafficking victims, inadequate funding, and lack of government involvement. Recommendations for overcoming these barriers were through empowering survivors and increasing cooperation, coordination, and communications between NGOs and the government. Conclusions In mitigating these barriers and increasing survivor autonomy, anti-trafficking interventions have the opportunity to create individualized environments for those with an experience of trafficking to thrive. Ultimately, elevating community accountability, honoring individual autonomy, and recognizing the value of the persons with a lived experience of trafficking are critical as we continue to use a public health lens in the fight against human trafficking and for human rights.

Education for health promotion: the challenges of centrality and decentralization in southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Lopes Gomide ◽  
S B Frantz Krug
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
The State ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Promotion Policy ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
Service Training ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The research starts at the possible invisibility of the theme of Health Promotion (PS) in Health education, its curricular propositions as well as its teaching strategies, and when visible, questions arise: What is the concept of Promotion in Health underpinning the training actions implemented? The concealment of the theme makes it impossible to produce the Health Promotion within the scope of a Residency Program? Methods To analyze the dynamics of the conduct of the Health Promotion Policy, present in the relationship between the centrality of the guidelines formulated at national and global level and the decentralization of Health Education strategies. This proposal presents a qualitative and systemic approach, which intends to analyze four in-service training programs (three national and one international), with regard to the conceptual conceptions of Health Promotion and Health System users. the subjects of the research, conduct semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis when necessary. Results This proposal presents as a reference the expanded concept of health and its social determinants, the responsibility of the State in sanitary regulation, universality, population participation and integrality, accessibility to information as a right and territorialization. Conclusions This study will feed the elaboration, in two Brazilian municipalities, through the School of Public Health of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, of a training proposal for health workers, guided by the conceptual and political framework of Health Promotion. Key messages The dynamics of the Health Promotion Policy, present in the relationship between the centrality of the guidelines formulated at global level and the decentralization of Health Education strategies. The importance of Health Promotion in interprofessional training in health services.

scholarly journals Improving Anti-trafficking Response in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh: Lessons Learned From a Qualitative Analysis of Stakeholder Interviews

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Julia Burns ◽  
Keiko Chen ◽  
Hanni Stoklosa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Indian States ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background: Human trafficking is a critical public health issue particularly pervasive in the Indian states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, which share a border with Nepal. In advocating for human rights in this area, there is a need for research to identify problems hindering the efficacy of anti-trafficking programs, focusing on their success in assisting people from being re-trafficked. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews and focus groups with key stakeholders in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Nepal. Results: Thematic analysis revealed that barriers hindering the anti-trafficking movement include police corruption, lack of enforcement of national law, discrimination toward trafficking victims, lack of funding, and lack of government involvement. Recommendations for overcoming these barriers were increasing cooperation, coordination, and communications between NGOs and the government, and empowering survivors. Conclusions: In mitigating these barriers and increasing survivor autonomy, anti-trafficking interventions have the opportunity to create individualized environments for those with an experience of trafficking to thrive. Ultimately, elevating community accountability, honoring individual autonomy, and recognizing the value of the persons with a lived experience of trafficking are critical as we continue to use a public health lens in the fight against human trafficking and for human rights.

scholarly journals Experiences of Weight-based Oppression in Qatar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily O'Hara ◽  
Bayan Alajaimi ◽  
Bayan Alshowaikh
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
External Weight

Introduction: Weight-based oppression is a widespread phenomenon in Western countries. External sources of weight-based oppression include exposure to stigmatizing or exclusionary social, cultural, economic, political and built environments, weight bias and discrimination, and weight-based bullying and violence. Internal sources of weight-based oppression are the internalized negative attitudes, values and beliefs people hold about body weight. Weight-based oppression is associated with a range of psychological, physiological and behavioral harms such as depression, anxiety, disordered eating, hypertension, allostatic load, cortisol reactivity and oxidative stress. Research on weight-based oppression is largely absent from the Arab region. The objectives of the study were to examine the internalized attitudes, values and beliefs related to body weight, and experiences of external weight based oppression, including teasing, bullying, stigmatization, and discrimination among staff, faculty and students at Qatar University. Methods: We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 29 participants (25 females) aged 18 to 53 years who were recruited using convenience and snowball sampling. Thematic analysis was used to identify major themes. Results: Internal and external weight-based oppression were experienced by all participants and regarded as so common in Arabic culture as to be normative. There were five major themes that related to the various types of weight based oppression experiences, internalized feelings about weight based oppression, and the timing, source and impact of weight based oppression. Conclusion: Weight-based oppression in the Arab region is an important and unrecognized public health issue. Programs should be developed to reduce exposure to weightbased oppression in all sectors. Reducing teasing, bullying and negative experiences related to body weight in childhood should be a public health priority.

Using Twitter to Disseminate: A mixed-methods exploration of the extent and nature of the dissemination of a public health research project via the microblogging platform. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn McCarthy ◽  
Cathy Ure ◽  
Penny A Cook
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Twitter Analytics ◽  
Twitter Account ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Relationship

UNSTRUCTURED Abstract Social media plays an increasing role in the dissemination of public health research. For public health research projects, a Twitter account holds the potential to disseminate research outcomes to other public health academics, professionals and policymakers. Aims The study examined users’ interactions with the Twitter account of a single research project. Specifically, it (i) measured the relationship between tweet content, using a tweet content score (TCS), and tweet success measured in engagements and impressions; and (ii) explored in depth, the motivations, opinions and experiences of public health academics and professionals using the micro blogging platform Twitter. Methods All Twitter Analytics data for the identified account were retrieved (n= 119 tweets) and the relationship between tweet content and success analysed. Seven stakeholders participated in semi-structured interviews to explore attitudes and motivations around engagement with Twitter. Results A positive correlation between TCS and tweet success was found. Tweets containing at least one mention had significantly greater impressions (551.48 compared to 232.00) and engagements (10.65 compared to 4.42). Tweets containing an image had a significant increase in engagements (13.13 compared to 8.29) but no effect on impressions. Qualitative analysis of the interview data revealed the importance of topic, positivity, and instruction in tweet content. Concerns with platform use related to legitimacy, negative experiences and lack of user confidence. Conclusions The study supports previous research findings. Twitter is a useful tool for public health dissemination and a positive association between TCS and tweet success exists. It is hoped that the findings of this research may be of use to other public health projects using Twitter for dissemination and impact.

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