Mechanism of replication fork reversal and protection by human RAD51 and RAD51 paralogs

SMARCAL1, ZRANB3 and HLTF are all required for the remodeling of replication forks upon stress. Using reconstituted reactions, we show that the motor proteins have unequal biochemical capacities, explaining why they have non-redundant functions. Whereas SMARCAL1 uniquely anneals RPA-coated ssDNA, suggesting an initial function in fork reversal, it becomes comparatively inefficient in subsequent branch migration. We also show that low concentrations of RAD51 and the RAD51 paralog complex, RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 (BCDX2), directly stimulate SMARCAL1 and ZRANB3 but not HLTF, providing a mechanism underlying previous cellular data implicating these factors in fork reversal. Upon reversal, RAD51 protects replication forks from degradation by MRE11, DNA2 and EXO1 nucleases. We show that the protective function of RAD51 unexpectedly depends on its binding to double-stranded DNA, and higher RAD51 concentrations are required for DNA protection compared to reversal. Together, we define the non-canonical functions of RAD51 and its paralogs in replication fork reversal and protection.

Media Informasi Animasi 4 Dimensi Halte Transportasi Publik untuk Kenyamanan Masyarakat menggunakan Teknik Motion Planner

As we know, there are a lot of public transportation users, especially buses, which are often used in almost all cities around the world. What is our focus this time is bus stops, many of which are abused from their initial function as a place to pick up and drop off passengers, and are very unfit for use. Therefore, a 4D animation information media for public transportation stops was created. This is done to show the public about the convenience of public transportation stops. This utilization also aims to make the bus stop facilities even better and more comfortable according to the needs of prospective passengers. The concept used in this design is "Livability", a word that refers to a good environment for a community to live in. The design results presented in the interior of this waiting facility are to make public transportation users feel safe and comfortable so that people can interact well with each other while waiting for public transportation.Keywords:Animation 4D, Animation 3D, Public Transport.

Initial-boundary value problem for a time-fractional subdiffusion equation on the torus

An initial-boundary value problem for a time-fractional subdiffusion equation with the Riemann-Liouville derivatives on N-dimensional torus is considered. Uniqueness and existence of the classical solution of the posed problem are proved by the classical Fourier method. Sufficient conditions for the initial function and for the right-hand side of the equation are indicated, under which the corresponding Fourier series converge absolutely and uniformly. It should be noted, that the condition on the initial function found in this paper is less restrictive than the analogous condition in the case of an equation with derivatives in the sense of Caputo.

Definitional schemes for primitive recursive and computable functions

The unary primitive recursive functions can be defined in terms of a finite set of initial functions together with a finite set of unary and binary operations that are primitive recursive in their inputs. We reduce arity considerations, by show that two fixed unary operations suffice, and a single initial function can be chosen arbitrarily. The method works for many other classes of functions, including the unary partial computable functions. For this class of partial functions we also show that a single unary operation (together with any finite set of initial functions) will never suffice.

Inverse spectral boundary problem Sturm Liouville type with constant delay and non-zero initial function

This paper is dedicated to solving of the direct and inverse spectral problem for Sturm Liouville type of operator with constant delay from 𝜋/2 to 𝜋, non-zero initial function and Robin’s boundary conditions. It has been proved that two series of eigenvalues unambiguously define the following parameters: delay, coefficients of delay within boundary conditions, the potential on the segment from the point of delay to the right-hand side of the distance and the product of the starting function and potential from the left end of the distance to the delay point.

THE ASYMPTOTICS OF A SOLUTION OF THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL HEAT EQUATION WITH UNBOUNDED INITIAL DATA

For the multidimensional heat equation, the long-time asymptotic approximation of the solution of the Cauchy problem is obtained in the case when the initial function grows at infinity and contains logarithms in its asymptotics. In addition to natural applications to processes of heat conduction and diffusion, the investigation of the asymptotic behavior of the solution of the problem under consideration is of interest for the asymptotic analysisof equations of parabolic type. The auxiliary parameter method plays a decisive role in the investigation.

PERUBAHAN FUNGSI PERTUNJUKAN WAYANG GOLEK PURWA DARI SAKRAL KE PROFAN PADA SYUKUR LAUT PAMAYANGSARI

ABSTRAK Tradisi syukur laut sudah ada sejak tahun 1975, diisi dengan ritual pelarungan jempana dan diakhiri pertunjukan wayang golek purwa. Fungsi awal sebagai media ruwatan berubah menjadi hiburan. Perubahan tersebut menarik perhatian untuk diteliti. Dengan rumusan, bagaimana struktur dan perubahan fungsi pertunjukan wayang. Adapun tujuan penelitian yaitu ingin mendeskripsikan struktur pertunjukkan dan perubahan fungsinya tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan tahapan pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi partisipan, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Kemudian, pengolahan data membuat transkrip hasil pengamatan dan wawancara mendalam. Selanjutnya, dianalisa dengan teori fungsionalisme Malinowski. Hasil penelitian ini adalah telah terjadi perubahan fungsi pertunjukkan wayang golek purwa dari sakral menjadi profan/hiburan, disebabkan oleh berubahnya sistem kepercayaan masyarakat, cara berpikir modern, kebutuhan masyarakat akan hiburan, adanya konflik, bencana alam tsunami, dan pengaruh kebudayaan luar, serta didukung oleh sponsor dan anjuran dari Bupati Kabupaten Tasikmalaya untuk menghilangkan unsur sesaji.Kata Kunci: Wayang, Sakral, Profan, dan Syukur Laut. ABSTRACT The tradition of sea gratitude has existed since 1975, filled with jempana rituals and ending with the purwa puppet show.It’s initial function as a medium for ruwatan turned into entertainment. These changes attract attention to research. With the formulation, how the structure and function changes of wayang performances. The research objective is to describe the structure of the performance and changes in its function. This research uses qualitative methods, with the stages of data collection using participant observation techniques, interviews, and documentation studies. Then, data processing makes transcripts of observations and in-depth interviews. Furthermore, it is analyzed by Malinowski's theory of functionalism. The results of this study are that there has been a change in the function of the purwa puppet show from sacred to profane / entertainment, caused by changes in people's belief systems, modern ways of thinking, people's needs for entertainment, conflicts, natural disasters, tsunamis and external cultural influences, as well as being supported by sponsorship and advice from the Regent of Tasikmalaya Regency to eliminate the element of offerings.Keywords: Wayang, Sacred, Profan, and Gratitude for the Sea

Pragma-linguistic and stylistic features of the English online movie review

The paper deals with linguo-pragmatic and semantic-stylistic characteristics of the English-online movie review. Internet communication provides a fertile ground for the development of the modern genre studies due to the emergence and development of digital genres, or Internet genres. The amateur online movie review is one of the most widespread Internet genres due to its high degree of the audience-oriented intention, focus on the wide range of readers, as well as the dialogical nature of communication. The aim of this paper is to reveal and systematize pragmatic and stylistic parameters of the English amateur online movie review. The empirical study is based upon the movie reviews taken from the IMDb website. The analysis of online movie reviews has revealed that their pragmatic function is determined by the use of the wide range of linguistic and stylistic evaluative means. In most cases the ascription of explicit evaluative characteristics to the film and its components in the text of the amateur online movie review is done with the help of the evaluative language. The important finding is that the creation of perlocutionary effect and the attribution of dialogization and intimization to the speech act are created by the use of personal pronouns of the first and second person singular, imperatives, appeals, question-and-answer structure. We have come to the conclusion that various lexical and syntactic means of expressiveness belong to stylistic markers of online movie review carrying evaluative, emotional and emphatic connotations. All the analysis conducted allows us to conclude that online movie review beside the initial function of informing also performs perlocutionary force.

Quenching for Porous Medium Equations

This paper studies the following two porous medium equations with singular boundary conditions. First, we obtain that finite time quenching on the boundary, as well as kt blows up at the same finite time and lower bound estimates of the quenching time of the equation kt = (kn)xx + (1 − k)−α, (x,t) ∈ (0,L) × (0,T) with (kn)x (0,t) = 0, (kn)x (L,t) = (1 − k(L,t))−β, t ∈ (0,T) and initial function k(x,0) = k0 (x), x ∈ [0, L] where n > 1, α and β and positive constants. Second, we obtain that finite time queching on the boundary, as well as kt blows up at the same finite time and a local existence resultbythehelpofsteadystateoftheequationkt =(kn)xx,(x,t)∈(0,L)×(0,T)with (kn)x (0,t) = (1 − k(0,t))−α, (kn)x (L,t) = (1 − k(L,t))−β, t ∈ (0,T) and initial function k (x, 0) = k0 (x), x ∈ [0, L] where n > 1, α and β and positive constants.

THE NON-LOCAL TIME PROBLEM FOR ONE CLASS OF PSEUDODIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH SMOOTH SYMBOLS

In this paper we investigate the differential-operator equation $$ \partial u (t, x) / \partial t + \varphi (i \partial / \partial x) u (t, x) = 0, \quad (t, x) \in (0, + \infty) \times \mathbb {R} \equiv \Omega, $$ where the function $ \varphi \in C ^ {\infty} (\mathbb {R}) $ and satisfies certain conditions. Using the explicit form of the spectral function of the self-adjoint operator $ i \partial / \partial x $, in $ L_2 (\mathbb {R}) $ it is established that the operator $ \varphi (i \partial / \partial x) $ can be understood as a pseudodifferential operator in a certain space of type $ S $. The evolution equation $ \partial u / \partial t + \sqrt {I- \Delta} u = 0 $, $ \Delta = D_x ^ 2 $, with the fractionation differentiation operator $ \sqrt { I- \Delta} = \varphi (i \partial / \partial x) $, where $ \varphi (\sigma) = (1+ \sigma ^ 2) ^ {1/2} $, $ \sigma \in \mathbb {R} $ is attributed to the considered equation. Considered equation is a nonlocal multipoint problem with the initial function $ f $, which is an element of a space of type $ S $ or type $ S '$ which is a topologically conjugate with a space of type $ S $ space. The properties of the fundamental solution of such a problem are established, the correct solvability of the problem in the half-space $ t> 0 $ is proved, the representation of the solution in the form of a convolution of the fundamental solution with the initial function is found, the behavior of the solution $ u (t, \cdot) $ for $ t \to + \infty $ (solution stabilization) in spaces of type $ S '$.