Mapping of the Flood Distribution in an Urban Environment: The Case of Palma (Mallorca, Spain) in the First Two Decades of the 21st Century

The City of Palma de Mallorca has been historically affected by flood events, with the latest flood of great magnitude occurring in 1962. After decades without large flooding events, since the start of the 21st century, 28 floods have been identified within the city boundaries. As change in the spatial location of these events has been observed, a research to identify where the floods are located nowadays and which causes can be related to such distribution has been undertaken. Six types of floods were identified and the events classified accordingly, with the deficient planned infrastructures, flat urban areas without defined drainage and coastal sectors the three most common types. The results highlight the importance of the urban sprawl and malpractices related to flood risk areas, thus increasing the occurrence of floods of less spatial impact but with greater disturbance on the daily activity of the city inhabitants. Nevertheless, some uncertainties are identified in this research, demonstrating the need of further investigations.

Burnout syndrome in medical staff

Burnout syndrome is a complex phenomenon, of great magnitude, which occurs in extremely demanding professions emotionally and nervously, with deep echoes in the psychoaffective structure of individuals and making their mark on professional life and social life. In this context, the study presents the results of experimental research on burnout syndrome specific to medical staff: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, physical symptoms and personal satisfaction. The study sample consisted of 210 health workers who were divided into 3 categories: (1) depending on the type of care: doctors, residents and nurses; (2) depending on the type of services provided; (3) depending on gender. The results indicate that burnout syndrome is found in larger sizes in resident physicians relative to physicians and nurses, holding the highest values at all four scales of the burnout syndrome study inventory. The present research highlighted the prevalence of emotional exhaustion, physical symptoms and personal satisfaction among the medical staff of the psychiatric hospital, and on a depersonalization scale belong to the medical staff of the children's hospital, showing that men are more vulnerable to the development of burnout to women.

Clinical And Epidemiological Aspects Of A New Coronavirus Infection (Covid-19)

Environmental change, climate warming, increasing population density, high migration activity and other factors are provoking the emergence and spread of new infections around the world. The emergence in December 2019 of diseases caused by a new coronavirus ("coronavirus disease 2019") has already gone down in history as not a disease of minor importance, but a disease of great magnitude engulfing the entire humanity. It is known that the most common clinical manifestation of the new infection is pneumonia and, in a large proportion of patients, respiratory distress syndrome. In our article we present a brief analysis and literature review of the epidemiological and epidemiological picture, in addition, we note the etiopathogenesis and some of the nuances of the disease.

A Science Mapping Analysis of Sixty-Seven Years of Scientific Evolution about the Transgender Population

Gender and identity issues permeate society as a whole. Therefore, the matters involving transgender individuals should be analised in order to understand the difficulties experienced by this population and the social practices implemented. In this sense, the objective of this study was to investigate the strategic themes and their evolution in relation to the theme. For this, a bibliometric performance and network analysis (BPNA) was carried out with the existing data in the Web of Science database between 1954 and march 2021. Twenty-three thousand and four hundred and seventy-one (23,471) articles were identified, which were included in the SciMAT software to perform a bibliometric analysis, resulting in the graph of the thematic evolution structure and the strategic diagram, in which 8 motor themes and a cross-cutting theme of great magnitude are highlighted, which are discussed in depth. The results show the relation between the transgender theme and gender, identity, sexual orientation, hormone therapy and gender-affirming surgery. It is concluded that, despite the large number of associated researches, some areas of study are still incipient, such as the inclusion of transgender people in the formal labor market and in the prison context, thus opening field for further studies.

The complexities of statistical measurements of new social processes: a system of Downshifting indicators

In the 21st century, new social processes that used to be considered illogical, unusual, and even impossible in the recent past are becoming increasingly widespread. Downshifting implying deliberate rejection of the benefits of modern civilization should undoubtedly be viewed as one of such processes. In various countries and corners of the planet, the scale of the development of downshifting has now acquired such a great magnitude that acting like nothing is happening would be both impossible and wrong. Meanwhile, an unequivocal perception of downshifting as an exclusively favorable or unfavorable process has not yet formed in society. In this context, attempts at measuring and statistically evaluating the various parameters of downshifting draw great interest from the point of science and practice. However, it has to be admitted that statistical science somewhat lags behind the present demands and needs of society since the system of downshifting indicators providing its comprehensive characteristic and allowing for a relatively clear answer to the question of the actual role of such an unusual social process has not yet been developed. In this context, the present article examines the specific characteristics of the quantitative analysis of downshifting, analyses various approaches to creating a downshifting statistics indicator system, and presents the authors’ propositions considering the structure and components of the system of downshifting indicators allowing not only comprehensively demonstrating the scale, structure, distribution, and intensity of this process, but also addressing its socio-economic results and consequences.

Characteristics and evolution of COVID-19 cases in Brazil: mathematical modeling and simulation

ABSTRACTThe pandemic caused by the coronavirus of severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), represents a threat of great magnitude not faced in this century. As a result, each government has proposed emergency public health measures that are critical to delay the transmission and spread of the virus and mitigate its impacts. In Brazil, the outbreak triggered many cases of people infected with COVID-19. Considering there are no drugs or vaccines proven to be effective to treat the disease, analyzing the data of infection cases and their mathematical interpretation are essential for supporting and guiding governmental measures to suppress and mitigate the impact of COVID-19. This means that estimates with mathematical models to assess the development potential of sustained human-human transmission are needed. Since the disease has its own biological characteristics, the models need to be adapted to the variability of the regions’ characteristics and the decision-making by both the government and the population, in order to be able to deal with real situations. Thus, in the present paper, we analyzed the official data of COVID-19 in Brazil and used the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) equation to predict the evolution of the disease. The model indicates that a nucleation rate is of fourth order, which indicates that Brazilians are crowding with no respect to measures of social distance and disease prevention. In our opinion, the political authorities were unable to control the spread of the disease in Brazil, given that social mobility was interrupted by the federal and state governments.

INDUSTRIALISED STRUCTURES AS AN INNOVATIVE ELEMENT UNDER THE CONTRAST OF ENGINEERS' PERCEPTIONS

The objective of the research was to make known the experiences of calculating engineers in the face of the behavior of industrialized buildings in earthquakes of great magnitude in the departments of Santander and Norte de Santander, Colombia.This industrialized construction system for houses was taken as object of study due to its novel implantation in the departments. The planning, execution and application of the 2010 seismic standard applied in Colombia in the field of building construction was analyzed. In addition to the field experiences of the professionals and university professors of both departments, the research was based mainly on the technical knowledge of the specialists. These two characteristics were taken into account due to the absence of information on the structural behavior under earthquakes of great magnitude of the buildings constructed with the system in the departments. The interpretative method was used with the support of the computer-assisted qualitative analysis program ATLAS.ti, which allowed the association of codes through the relationships of the interviews. The results concluded in the feasibility of implementing the system as a method of construction of buildings resistant to earthquakes of great magnitude subject to strict monitoring of the parameters described in the relevant regulations for the country, however the information provided is of great importance for individuals and contractors in the construction area in Colombia, since the expert engineers in calculations have some contradictions as for the industrialized system, and this can be factor of incidences in the response to earthquakes of these buildings, it is for that reason that the information revealed is a novelty to take into account the types of systems that calculate them the same but really have many structural differences and this could be a key element in an earthquake of great magnitude.

La rotación del personal en los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados Municipales y su impacto en el clima organizacional/The rotation of personnel in the Municipal Decentralized Autonomous Governments and their impact on the organizational climate

Los cambios constantes en el nivel de las organizaciones públicas hacen que estas expandan su visión y la competitividad permanente lleva a los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados (GAD) Municipales a desarrollar estrategias para alcanzar sus objetivos, es así como, la contratación y la continuidad de los despidos del personal representa un problema de gran magnitud para las instituciones, pues sin duda, limita el desarrollo eficiente que se desearía tener, ya que la productividad de la institución se ve significativamente afectada, evidenciándose un mal clima organizacional, restando la eficiencia eficacia y efectividad en los procesos, influyendo directamente en los resultados Esta investigación determina un análisis de las causas del clima organizacional en una institución pública. Debido a la alta tasa de rotación evidenciada dentro de los municipios según se constata en las encuestas realizadas, principalmente en el personal operativo, que son aquellos que trabajan directamente con los usuarios y pueden tener los efectos causados por el servicio ofrecido. En consecuencia, esta investigación conlleva aumentar el servicio al usuario proporcionado por los colaboradores públicos. Y una relación muy estrecha entre el clima organizacional medido y la rotación de personar también se define al analizar la premisa de que si el clima organizacional mejora la rotación de personal se reducirá el malestar entre compañeros de trabajo, ya que puede haber razones que no se conocen o están fuera del control y, por lo tanto, no se pueden mejorar el lineamiento de prestigio institucional. Constant changes at the level of public organizations mean that they expand their vision and permanent competitiveness leads the Municipal Autonomous Decentralized Governments (GAD) to develop strategies to achieve their objectives, such as hiring and continuity of layoffs The staff represents a problem of great magnitude for the institutions, because without a doubt, it limits the efficient development that one would like to have, since the productivity of the institution is significantly affected, evidencing a bad organizational climate, subtracting the efficiency effectiveness and effectiveness in the processes, directly influencing the results This research determines an analysis of the causes of the organizational climate in a public institution. Due to the high rate of turnover evidenced within the municipalities as found in the surveys carried out, mainly in the operating personnel, which are those that work directly with users and can have the effects caused by the service offered. Consequently, this research entails increasing the user service provided by public collaborators. And a very close relationship between the measured organizational climate and the turnover of people is also defined when analyzing the premise that if the organizational climate improves staff turnover, discomfort among coworkers will be reduced, since there may be reasons that are not they know or are out of control and, therefore, the institutional prestige guidelines can not be improved. Palabras Clave: desempeño, talento humano, rotación, clima laboral, decisiones. Keywords: performance, human talent, rotation, labor climate, decisions.

Depressants: Sedative-Hypnotic-Tranquilizing Drugs—From Errant Yeast to Halcion and Its Relatives

The agents we will consider in this chapter are a disparate bunch, but they are united in that most can induce a mild state of intoxication that many of us find to be pleasant; social drinkers of ethyl alcohol are familiar with the phenomenon. The darker side of these drugs is that all can induce physical dependence with a characteristic and sometimes life-threatening withdrawal syndrome. In addition, they are often agents of addiction; alcoholism is a prime example. Further uniting these drugs is the relatively recent recognition of a common mechanism of action. Their current primary medical uses are in anesthesiology, as anticonvulsants, and in the treatment of anxiety and sleep disorders. For many years, drugs of this class were referred to as sedative- hypnotics. Sedation implies the induction of a state of calmness, while hypnosis refers to sleep. However, with the discovery of meprobamate (Miltown), and the benzodiazepines, for example, Valium, which we will consider later, a third term was introduced. These drugs were to be called tranquilizers to distin­guish them from earlier sedative-hypnotics. But whatever the drugs are called, the fact is that for most there is a dose-related continuum of action beginning with a state of calmness (call it tranquility, if you wish) to sleep, and, finally, for some, coma and death. An illustration of the long- recognized connectedness of sedation, hypnosis, and anxiety was provided us by Henry Behrend. He describes his patient as . . . . . . a gentleman, forty years of age. . . . He was of a most excitable and nervous temperament, and was engaged in mercantile transactions of great magnitude, the extent of which seemed quite to overwhelm him. . . . He had lost his natural sleep, was harassed and fatigued during the day, and sought my opinion as to whether he ought not at once to withdraw from business, although the sacrifice entailed thereby would be very great, and he was most anxious to avoid it. . . .

Igualdad, calidad y confianza entre los desafíos de la reforma educativa francesa: la Loi n° 2019-791 du 26 juillet 2019 pour une école de la confiance

With both the promulgation and enactment of the Loi nº 2019-791 du 26 juillet 2019 pour une école de la confiance, a new period of normative changes has begun in France. These changes concern the organisation, structure and even certain principles the French educational system has been erected with. In the name of confidence some measures have been purposed, some of them of great magnitude, with the main purpose of guaranteeing equal opportunities for the student body of this country. In order to do that, there have been expounded, among others, initiatives focused on the extension of school attendance, diversity outreach, teacher training, institutional innovations by creating new organisms and evaluation measurements in support of educational quality. From an international and comparative perspective, the analysis of this act generates great interest, on the one hand, because of the contents it tackles and, on the other hand, because of the role France has played as a laboratory and enterprising country in educational issues throughout history. This circumstance turns it into referent of other countries in southern Europe, Africa and even Asia, which influence in their educational systems is indubitable.Without losing sight of the magnitude of this reform and its relevance, this brief analysis recognises its significance and the remarkable impact that is generating, both inside and outside of the country. Probably, from now on, there will not be just a few papers that highlight the scope of its proposals and its possible consequences.