FAST principles for preprint feedback

There has been strong interest in preprint commenting and review activities in recent years. Public preprint feedback can bring benefits to authors, readers and others in scholarly communication, however, the level of public commenting on preprints is still low. This is likely due to cultural barriers, such as fear by authors that criticisms on their paper will bias readers, editors and evaluators, and concerns by commenters that posting a public critique on a preprint by a more senior colleague may lead to retribution. In order to help address these cultural barriers and foster positive and constructive participation in public preprint feedback, we have developed a set of 14 principles for creating, responding to, and interpreting preprint feedback. The principles are clustered around four broad themes: Focused, Appropriate, Specific, Transparent (FAST). We describe each of the FAST principles and designate which actors (authors, reviewers and the community) each of the principles applies to. We discuss the possible implementation of the FAST principles by different stakeholders in science communication, and explore what opportunities and challenges lie ahead in the path towards a thriving preprint feedback ecosystem.

Minima Onomastica Graeca Alpharabia: Notes on the Treatise "tafsir asma al-hukama"

One of the treatises attributed to the scholar and philosopher al-Farabi is the fascinating single- page manuscript entitled tafsir asma al-hukama, a small document containing a shorthand inventory of fourteen Greek names. Although the authenticity of the attribution is still debated, the treatise itself demonstrates that its author had a strong interest in the interplay of philology and philosophy – a theme that first appears in a remarkable passage in Plato’s Politeia, namely Book IX, 582e. This paper therefore will examine the nature of the tafsir asma al-hukama, especially with regard to the title, which I leave untranslated until the last part of the paper, since the exact meaning of the words in the title forms a major part of my argument. Although the tafsir asma al-hukama is seemingly a very minor text, I believe that it represents a fascinating moment in the history of the dialogue between philology and philosophy. The result of my examination, then, will be a kind of maxima in minimis or hologram on a minor scale. I shall begin with a discussion of the importance of ism in al-Farabi.

Nonlocality of a type of multi-star-shaped quantum networks

The correlations in quantum networks have attracted strong interest due to the fact that linear Bell inequalities derived from one source are useless for characterizing multipartite correlations of general quantum networks. In this paper, { a type of multi-star-shaped quantum networks are introduced and discussed. Such a network consists of three-grade nodes: the first grade is named party (node) $A$, the second one consists of $m$ nodes marked $B^1,B^2,\ldots,B^m$, which are stars of $A$ and the third one consists of $m^2$ nodes $C^j_k (j,k=1,2,\ldots,m)$, where $C^j_k (k=1,2,\ldots,m)$ are stars of $B^j$. We call such a network a $3$-grade $m$-star quantum network and denoted by $SQN(3,m)$, being as a natural extension of bilocal networks and star-shaped networks.} We introduce and discussed the locality and strong locality of a $SQN(3,m)$ and derive the related nonlinear Bell inequalities, called $(3,m)$-locality inequalities and $(3,m)$-strong locality inequalities. To compare with the bipartite locality of quantum states, we define the separability of $SQN(3,m)$ that imply the locality and then locality of $SQN(3,m)$. When all of the shared states of the network are pure ones, we prove that $SQN(3,m)$ is nonlocal if and only if it is entangled.

Parental leave policy information during residency interviews

Background During interviews, medical students may feel uncomfortable asking questions that might be important to them, such as parental leave. Parental leave policies may be difficult for applicants to access without asking the program director or other interviewers. The goal of this study is to evaluate whether parental leave information is presented to prospective residents and whether medical students want this information. Methods Fifty-two program directors (PD’s) at 3 sites of a single institution received a survey in 2019 to identify whether parental leave information is presented at residency interviews. Medical students received a separate survey in 2020 to identify their preferences. Fisher exact tests, Pearson χ2 tests and Cochran-Armitage tests were used where appropriate to assess for differences in responses. Results Of the 52 PD’s, 27 responded (52%) and 19 (70%) indicated that information on parental leave was not provided to candidates. The most common reason cited was the belief that the information was not relevant (n = 7; 37%). Of the 373 medical students, 179 responded (48%). Most respondents (92%) wanted parental leave information formally presented, and many anticipated they would feel extremely or somewhat uncomfortable (68%) asking about parental leave. The majority (61%) felt that these policies would impact ranking of programs “somewhat” or “very much.” Conclusions Parental leave policies may not be readily available to interviewees despite strong interest and their impact on ranking of programs by prospective residents.

Measuring the photoelectron emission delay in the molecular frame

How long does it take to emit an electron from an atom? This question has intrigued scientists for decades. As such emission times are in the attosecond regime, the advent of attosecond metrology using ultrashort and intense lasers has re-triggered strong interest on the topic from an experimental standpoint. Here, we present an approach to measure such emission delays, which does not require attosecond light pulses, and works without the presence of superimposed infrared laser fields. We instead extract the emission delay from the interference pattern generated as the emitted photoelectron is diffracted by the parent ion’s potential. Targeting core electrons in CO, we measured a 2d map of photoelectron emission delays in the molecular frame over a wide range of electron energies. The emission times depend drastically on the photoelectrons’ emission directions in the molecular frame and exhibit characteristic changes along the shape resonance of the molecule.

Hippokratesa z Chios kwadratura księżyczków

I dedicate this article, in Memoriam, to Professor Sylwester Dworacki, my first guide in Greek texts, with whom I later had the distinguished privilege to frequently discuss diverse issues in philological exegesis. The little-known figure of Hippocrates of Chios has recently attracted strong interest of several scholars, though mainly by historians of mathematics. Aristotle mentioned critically his quadrature of the circle by means of segments or by means of lunules. Aristotle’s commentator Simplicius, citing Eudemus of Rhodos, quoted a longer paraphrase of Hippocrates’ arguments regarding the quadrature of the lunules. Appropriately selected parts from these arguments are given here in Greek, along with their faithful Polish translation. One should carefully understand the critical stance of Aristotle, who in his particular way understood quadrature as the finding of the geometrical mean and, therefore, accused Hippocrates of using false diagrams.

PSII-B-21 Development of an industry relevant graduate certificate for regulatory affairs in animal health

Seven years of data collection and industry collaboration identified a longstanding need from the animal health corridor for educational offerings focused on regulatory affairs for animal health products. The animal health corridor, anchored by Manhattan, Kansas and Columbia, Missouri, is home to more than 300 animal health companies, representing the largest concentration in the world. When surveying industry needs, Kansas State University received 446 responses from individuals in this area and found 40% indicated interest in “policy and regulations,” with 64% of interested respondents showing strong interest with programming at the graduate level. Meetings with industry representatives further confirmed results of the survey by highlighting a need for educational programming focused on animal health product license requirements with USDA, FDA, and EPA. At a roundtable with 22 Animal Health organizations, 64% of attendees had strong interest in a program focused on “regulatory aspects of drug and vaccine development in animal health.” In response to these findings, a graduate certificate was launched in 2019 encompassing regulatory development and management of animal health products. Curriculum was crafted in close collaboration with an industry advisory panel, because comparable academic models were not available. Interests to maintain industry contacts within the courses have led to integration of notable engagement techniques as the course format moves toward asynchronous delivery. Curriculum encompasses regulatory development of animal pharmaceuticals, pesticides, biologics, and diagnostics from pre- to post- licensure. The presentation will explain objectives of the certificate, data gathered regarding industry need, process of certificate design and curriculum co-creation with industry partners, and resulting curriculum. Additionally, since the new courses in the regulatory affairs certificate have been offered since spring 2020, the presentation will examine strategies for working with subject matter experts in the online classroom, plans for assessment of student learning, and educational background of enrolled students.

Effect of storage conditions on SARS-CoV-2 RNA quantification in wastewater solids

SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater settled solids is associated with COVID-19 incidence in sewersheds and therefore, there is a strong interest in using these measurements to augment traditional disease surveillance methods. A wastewater surveillance program should provide rapid turn around for sample measurements (ideally within 24 hours), but storage of samples is necessary for a variety of reasons including biobanking. Here we investigate how storage of wastewater solids at 4 °C, −20 °C, and −80 °C affects measured concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. We find that short term (7 or 8 d) storage of raw solids at 4 °C has little effect on measured concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, whereas longer term storage at 4 °C (35–122 d) or freezing reduces measurements by 60%, on average. We show that normalizing SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations by concentrations of pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) RNA, an endogenous wastewater virus, can correct for changes during storage as storage can have a similar effect on PMMoV RNA as on SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The reductions in SARS-CoV-2 RNA in solids during freeze thaws is less than those reported for the same target in liquid influent by several authors.

Labor training in design and technological activities of students

The aim of this article is to establish the effectiveness of labor training of students by using modern pedagogical and technological systems; determination of strong interest in implementation of project activities, as well as determination of teachers' attitude to implementation of labor training based on project-technological activities. The main method in the article is the experiment method; also, the questionnaire and observation methods were used. The result of the research is to establish the necessity of introducing design-technological activities into the process of labor education as a form of motivation and formation of strong interest of schoolchildren. It was found that project-technological activity is positively perceived by teachers in the field of labor education and is considered by them as effective and corrosive. It is stated that the labor lessons form a set of knowledge and skills in the technological sphere, develop a strong interest in creative work, and create conditions for the realization of intellectual abilities.

The Quileute Dune: Frank Herbert, Indigeneity, and Empire

Frank Herbert's influential science fiction novel Dune (1965) is usually understood as a prescient work of environmentalism. Yet it is also concerned with empire, and not merely in an abstract way. Herbert worked in politics with the men who oversaw the United States’ overseas territories, and he took an unusually strong interest in Indigenous communities in the Pacific Northwest, particularly the Quileute Nation. Conversations with Quileute interlocutors both inspired Dune and help explain Herbert's turn toward environmentalism. This article recovers the neglected imperial context for Herbert's writing, reinterpreting Dune in light of that context.