Restorative Justice and the School-to-Prison Pipeline: A Review of Existing Literature

Black students experience out-of-school suspensions at a higher rate than other students. The higher rate at which these students are suspended is believed to contribute to a school-to-prison pipeline. This review article is designed to enhance the understanding of this problem by focusing on the factors that play a part in the school-to-prison pipeline. A purposeful sample of recently published literature by some of the leading scholars in this area was selected for analysis. Some studies indicate that school personnel may be biased in the ways they respond to Black students. The lack of teacher preparation and support has been documented to be one of the contributing factors as well. Researchers have also referred to the differences between urban schools and other schools with high concentrations of Black students, arguing that these schools implement more punitive approaches to discipline. This review article enhances the understanding of a possible way to deal with this problem by including content about how implementing effective restorative discipline programs may alleviate the school-to-prison pipeline.

EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS IN METHODOLOGICAL TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF ELEMENTARY CLASSES

Рассматриваются вопросы реализации проектов в методической подготовке будущих учителей начальных классов. Подчеркивается важность освоения студентами технологии создания проекта и работы над ним. Представлены результаты исследования (онлайн-опрос студентов и анализ программ дисциплин), которые позволили выделить в качестве наиболее часто реализуемых проектов учебные проекты. Обращено внимание на исследовательский проект как один из способов формирования методических знаний. Отмечается особая значимость образовательного проекта, который отличается самостоятельностью, инициативностью студентов, их совместной деятельностью. В качестве примера образовательного проекта рассматривается проект «Дневник чтения на лето», который был инициирован, разработан и апробирован студентами вместе с учениками начальной школы. The article discusses the implementation of projects in the methodological training of future primary school teachers. The author emphasizes the importance of students mastering the technology of creating a project and working on it. The results of the study (an online survey of students and analysis of discipline programs) are presented, which made it possible to distinguish the educational project as the most frequently implemented. When implemented in the learning process as a training assignment, the educational project acquires such attributes as external motivation for implementation, the task of the topic and problems, work according to the prepared plan. The author also draws attention to the research project as one of the ways to build methodological knowledge. A research project is characterized by such signs as reflexivity, work with a problem, work on research steps. The article actualizes the special significance of the educational project, the features of which are: independence, initiative of students, their joint activities. It is emphasized that both educational and research projects can become educational. As an example of an educational project, the project “Reading Diary for the Summer” is considered. This project was initiated, developed and tested by students together with primary school pupils.

WHAT ARE THE BORDERS OF DISTANCE LEARNING IN UNIVERSITIES?

The possibilities of using distance learning on the Internet are considered with the fulfillment of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Professional Education to the learning out-comes according to the indicators established in the discipline programs - to know, be able, and have skills. It is noted that distance learning, being accessible to users, does not have an evidence base for its effectiveness in ensuring the quality of education. In universities with a technological focus, the creation of an educational environment that meets the established requirements is impossible with distance learning. As an additional educational resource, it can be used in organizing students' independent work, studying optional courses, in DPO centers (retraining, professional development).

Implementation of Guidelines And Counseling Services in Managing Student Discipline in SDN 2 Jogomertan

<em>This article aims to describe, 1) Discipline program planning through guidance and counseling services at SDN 2 Jogomertan, 2) Implementation of disciplinary programs through guidance and counseling services at SDN 2 Jogomertan, 3) Evaluation of discipline programs through guidance and counseling services at SDN 2 Jogomertan . This research is a descriptive study with the object of 1 school principal, 10 teachers and employees, and 10 students in grades 4, 5, and 6. The data analysis technique uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of the study, 1) Program planning is poured in a plenary meeting with all student guardians, parents' group meetings of each class, and school routine meetings, 2) Planting student discipline including coming to school on time, literacy before starting learning, discipline in doing homework, discipline to maintain environmental cleanliness, and regular prayer in congregation. 3) Evaluation of disciplinary programs is carried out at every report on program implementation (in the form of program reports, evaluation reports and follow-up to program implementation)</em>

Strategy for Overcoming Forgetful Children

Forgetfulness individuals are commonly linked with old age, even though many young people are also facing situation “easy to forget”. Forgetfulness could happen to anyone, including early childhood. This article used a literature review method that provided children with a full and detailed explanation of the 'forgetful' topic. Forgetfulness children have two characteristics, namely normal and abnormal. There are several causes that can trigger a child to become forgetfulness; fatigue, malnutrition, stress, under certain medications and health issues. There are methods that teachers and parents can try to improve their memory, teaching children to be independent, asking some questions to stimulate their memories, making a daily timetable, and praising when children are not forgetfulness, doing discipline programs, and buying toys that can practice memory and some reading programs. It is expected that gradually the child's memory will reoccurrence to normal. Every parent must monitor their child's growth and development, if the child experiences normal forgetfulness the parents can cope by themselves, if the child experiences an abnormal forget, the parents must be alert and consult with a doctor or psychologist in order to overcome this problem early and effectively.

The Effect of Punishment on Elementary Students in the ‎Islamic School ‎

This study aims to provide understanding about school’s perceptions of discipline and punishment for elementary students in Bawen and Ambarawa region. This research used qualitative method to collect the data. The datas was collected by questionnaire and observation. The participants consist of students and their parents, also the teachers of elementary school in Bawen and Ambarawa regions. From the observation could get some different perception about punishment to the children or student in the form. The data collected by some classification, so it obtained a decision of their opinion. The results showed that the physical and verbal punishment as in various forms in classroom for discipline programs. When the students broke the rules, they would be subject to discipline. Actually, punishment had some negative side effects to them. The students who were the object of punishment would showed a bad attitude towards to their teachers and friends. It could be concluded that punishment is humanistic and educative punishment and the least effective of punishment was authoritarian and non- educative punishment. The teacher should give punishment which would give an educational effect to their student. So, they would get an educational advantages from it.

Koncepcja prawa interwencjonizmu

CONCEPT OF THE INTERVENTIONISM LAWThe author proposes that the division of law into sections should also distinguish the interventionism law. This includes legal regulations regarding the scope, forms and methods of impact of international organizations, EU institutions and national authorities on processes related to the economy, especially its development and functioning in the market system and in the conditions of globalization, internationalization and economic integration of modern states. In order to justify its proposal, the author points out that modern interventionism is no longer limited to traditional state interventionism, but it is exercised by international organizations and the European Union in relation to the Member States. All entities carrying out the functions of interventionism do so on the basis of law. From the point of view of the EU Member State, these are regulations complementing each other and forming a whole as a source of applicable law. The author does not propose any codification procedures in the field of interventionism law. He claims, however, that the national legislator should create, control, interpret and apply the national law of intervention, taking into account the fact that there are regulations inherent in the international and EU law of interventionism.In addition, the author indicates the need for a different approach to interventionism in scientific research and didactics. In this regard, he sees the need to change the organization of scientific research on the subject of interventionism in its legal aspect. He puts on interdisciplinary research with the participation of many specialists. In didactics, he proposes adjustments in economics curricula for lawyers and in legal discipline programs. In particular, it is about introducing the subject of contemporary interventionism and problems related to its legal basis and the boundaries and legal forms of its functions.

A sketch of the education landscape in biomimetic and biohybrid systems

The Living Machines approach, which can be seen as an exemplar methodology for a wider initiative towards “convergent science,” implies and requires a transdisciplinary understanding that bridges from between science and engineering and to the social sciences, arts, and humanities. In addition, it emphasizes a mix of basic and applied approaches whilst also requiring an awareness of the societal context in which modern research and innovation activities are conducted. This chapter explores the education landscape for postgraduate programs related to the concept of Living Machines, highlighting some challenges that should be addressed and providing suggestions for future course development and policy making. The chapter also reviews some of the within-discipline and across-discipline programs that currently exist, particularly within Europe and the US, and outlines an exemplar degree program that could provide the multi-faceted training needed to pursue research and innovation in Living Machines.