A Nomogram for Predicting the Need of Postoperative Tracheostomy in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Objective: Early identification for the need of tracheostomy (TT) in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients remains one of the main challenges in clinical practice. Our study aimed to establish and validate a nomogram model for predicting postoperative TT in aSAH patients.Methods: Patients with aSAH receiving active treatment (interventional embolization or clipping) in our institution between June 2012 and December 2018 were retrospectively included. The effects of patients' baseline information, aneurysm features, and surgical factors on the occurrence of postoperative TT were investigated for establishing a nomogram in the training cohort with 393 patients. External validation for the nomogram was performed in the validation cohort with 242 patients.Results: After multivariate analysis, higher age, high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), high World Federation of Neurological Surgeons Scale (WFNS), and high Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) grade were left in the final logistic regression model. The predictive power of the model was excellent in both training cohort and validation cohort [area under the curve (AUC): 0.924, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.893–0.948; AUC: 0.881, 95% CI: 0.833–0.919]. A nomogram consisting of these factors had a C-index of 0.924 (95% CI: 0.869–0.979) in the training cohort and was validated in the validation cohort (C-index: 0.881, 95% CI: 0.812–0.950). The calibration curves suggested good match between prediction and observation in both training and validation cohorts.Conclusion: Our study established and validated a nomogram model for predicting postoperative TT in aSAH patients.

Аdvantages of marine english deeper learning technologies

The article considers the appropriateness of deeper learning technologies application in Marine English study, taking into account that professional training of marine cadets in maritime institutions of higher education should be accomplished in English language in compliance with the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (1978, 1995) and its Manila amendments (2010). The results of training must correspond to high world standards and provided on three levels (support, operational and management levels) with compulsory development of certain number of communicative and professional skills and competencies on each training level. In respect that deeper learning represents a set of student educational outcomes, including acquisition of core academic content, skills to solve novel problems, it appears enough reasonable to apply it for Marine English language study. A plenty of existing today deeper learning strategies, schools, and methods makes us to speak namely about a frame of pedagogical technology, which implies a specifically normalized educational process (form, content, training methods, products and output results) that purposefully changes the students, or provides the possibility to change by themselves. The most suitable for Marine English deeper learning technologies (DLT) considered in this article are Project-Based Learning (PBL), Personalized Learning (PL), Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL), Blended learning (BL) and Flipped Class learning (FCL). Their evident and indisputable benefits are substantiated by the learning outcomes, attained in process of experimental deeper learning of Marine English language. Provided experiment in Deepening Learning (DL) of Marine English affirmed positive characteristics of DLT in relation to symbiotic development of learners metacognitive abilities and intrapersonal skills for further transfer them at new tasks and contexts of maritime sphere, successfully using English as means for critical thinking and problem solving. As the result, students were engaged in positive and productive academic activity and persevered when faced difficulties.

Methods for assessing risk factors to the health of highly qualified athletes

Currently, digital technologies are widely used both in the development of mass sports and sports of high achievements. Achievements in many sports disciplines are unthinkable without the use of various technical control schemes and computer processing. The development of sports focused on high world results requires the development and implementation of special technologies that allow planning to obtain extreme physiological and physical indicators of athletes by the time of the competition. The specificity of the tasks to be solved lies in the fact that each person is considered as a complex system, the state of which depends on many different factors. The manifestation of some of the factors can be traced according to the results of tests and competitions. Another part of the factors has a hidden, latent nature, individual for each person, and lies at the genetic level. The problem is how to find patterns that reflect the relationship between physiological, genetic and athletic performance. Coaches often make decisions based on their experience and intuition. As a rule, this is not always enough to achieve the goals set for the athletes. As one of the means of solving the problems described above, the use of methods of intellectual data analysis is proposed (IDA).

Diversification of the economy in the context of globalization (case of Azerbaijan)

Research background: Azerbaijan, as a country with rich mineral resources, faces macroeconomic difficulties due to income instability. In 2011-2013, during the period of high world oil prices, Azerbaijan began to diversify the economy and develop the non-oil sector at the expense of oil and gas export revenues. The need to diversify the economy and export has become especially important in the conditions of increased global competition and the integration of the national economy into the world economy. Purpose of the article: The aim of the issue is assessment and study the characteristics of diversification of the economy of Azerbaijan, analyze the dependence of the country’s economic development on the degree of diversification of its economy and exports, assess the level of economic diversification of the country. Methods: To measure the level of diversification, we used indicators such as Herfindahl-Hirschmann export diversification index, and industry concentration in GDP. The originality and value of the research lies in revelation a number of indicators specific to the Azerbaijani economy that affect economic growth based on correlation-regression analysis and other econometric methods. According to econometric characteristics, the resulting model is adequate and confirms the empirical findings Findings & Value added: The results of the study showed that deeper diversification of the economy is required. To overcome oil dependence and conduct effective economic diversification, it is necessary to develop processing industries, expand the accessibility of small and medium enterprises to financial resources, and stimulate foreign investment in the non-oil sector.

Proposal for an Environmentally Sustainable Beneficiation Route for the Amphibolitic Itabirite from the Quadrilátero Ferrífero-Brazil

The high world demand for iron ores opposed to the rapid exhaustion of high-grade deposits from the main producing regions around the world has motivated the search and/or improvement of beneficiation routes, which enable the economic use of iron formations previously considered marginal ores, which have the potential to considerably increase mineable reserves due to their large volume. In this study, a sample of amphibolitic itabirite from the eastern region of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, Brazil was characterized, aiming at its use in the industrial pelletizing circuit. The main physical characteristics of this ore are moisture = 10% and specific weight = 3710 kg/m3. The ore has a high grade of loss on ignition—LOI (6.7%) and P (0.14%). Through X-ray diffractometry (XRD), optical microscopy and scanning electron microscope—SEM, the ore was found to consist of 64.5% goethite (amphibolitic, alveolar, massive and earthy); 6.8% hematite (martitic, granular and lamellar) and 0.9% magnetite. The main gangue mineral is quartz (25.5%). Based on the results of concentration tests (magnetic and flotation) performed with the studied sample, the magnetic concentration route of deslimed sample followed by the addition of slimes in magnetic concentrate can be incorporated into the pelletizing process.

THE FRESCOES OF THE NUZAL TEMPLE AS A TESTIMONY OF INTERACTION OF TWO SPIRITUAL TRADITIONS

В статье предлагается считать несомненным проявлением самобытности осетинской этнокультурной традиции ее способность к взаимодействию с культурами, имеющими общемировое распространение. Для рассмотрения подобного взаимодействия с христианством, оставившим наиболее глубокий след в осетинской традиции, обосновывается необходимость отказа от общепринятого в осетиноведении сценария антагонистического взаимодействия в пользу дружественного. В этом случае результатом взаимодействия становится «переписывание» на язык местной традиции образов и сюжетов высокой общемировой культуры. Местом встречи двух традиций можно было бы считать расположенный на кладбище влиятельного клана Царазонта средневековый Нузальский храм, позволяющий осуществить привязку этого процесса не только в социально-историческом ландшафте, но также и времени. Главным содержанием этого взаимодействия становится смена рецепции программной направленности фресок средневекового Нузальского храма, имеющая место в рамках перехода от религиозно-исторической традиции к религиозно-мифологической. В результате подобного перехода литургическая основа, ясно различимая в их основе, могла бы найти свое воплощение в осетинском обрядовом молении, кувде (kºyvd/kuvd). Свойственное же им эсхатологическое содержание могло быть переосмыслено традицией в миф первотворения, так что центральная фигура Спасителя могла непротиворечиво и естественно перейти в образ Создателя. Важнейшим условием этого перехода становится такое известное явление как инверсия времени, достаточно развернуто представленная в осетинских мифологических песнях, связанных со свадебной и земледельческой обрядностью. В конечном счете, допускается возможность вместо обычного разграничения двух средневековых религиозных центров признать существование одного общего, в равной степени приемлемого для обеих традиций. In the article, it is proposed to consider the ability of the Ossetian ethno-cultural tradition to interact with world cultures, as an undeniable manifestation of its peculiar originality. To consider such an interaction with Christianity, which left the deepest trace in the Ossetian tradition, the necessity of rejecting the scenario of antagonistic interaction that is generally accepted in the Ossetian studies in favor of the friendly one is substantiated. In this case, the result of the interaction is «rewriting» the language of the local tradition of images and plots of high world culture. The medieval Nuzal church located at the cemetery of the influential clan of Tsarazontæ can be regarded as the meeting place for two traditions, allowing to bind this process not only in the socio-historical landscape, but also in temporal dimension. The main contents of this interaction is the change in the reception of the program focus of the frescoes of the medieval Nuzal church, taking place within the framework of the transition from a religious-historical tradition to a religious-mythological one. As a result of such transition, the liturgical basis, clearly discernable in their composition, could find its embodiment in the Ossetian ritual prayer, kºyvd | kuvd. Their own eschatological contents could be reinterpreted by tradition into the myth of the first creation, so that the central figure of the Savior could be consistently and naturally transformed into the image of the Creator. The most important condition for this transition is such a well-known phenomenon as the time inversion, sufficiently developed in the Ossetian mythological songs associated with wedding and agricultural rituals. Ultimately, instead of the usual delimitation of two medieval religious centers, it is possible to recognize the existence of one common center, equally acceptable for both traditions.

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT PROCESSES IN REGIONS USING THE METHOD OF ENVELOPES

<p><span>This article takes a look at modeling of features of investment cycles in the regions of the Russian Federation based on statistic data for 1999–2015. As characteristics of investment process the investment density per sq. miles of territory and the intensity of its growth are used. Curves and functions of these cycles are limited with envelope curves and functions that display geographical environment in the region. Refined equations of investment cycles provide a sufficient description of the patterns of change in the intensity of investment growth from inception to crisis. Based on the equations, sustainable regional indicators and enveloped trends are highlighted. It characterizes the regional economy with such relative temporal indices as conditional economic age and the age of development of the territory. These indices are associated with the level of the resource consumption specialization of the region and with the development potential of its economy. According to the result of the calculation, this investment cycle in Russia was caused by the 1998 economic crisis, which radically transformed the financial and economic system of the country. The resultant </span><span>innovative investment cycle was released against the backdrop of high world prices for oil, </span><span>the world financial and economic crisis and sank, leading to fracture of positive trends, the gradual slowdown investments and indicates the possibility of new economic crisis in Russia in the coming years.</span></p>