Manuka Honey with Varying Levels of Active Manuka Factor (AMF) Ratings as an Anaerobic Fermentation Substrate for Limosilactobacillus reuteri DPC16

Manuka honey is known for its strong antibacterial effect against pathogens but can promote probiotic growth in certain conditions. In a two-factor ANOVA study, AMFTM Manuka honey (Active Manuka Factor: 05+, 10+, 15+ and 20+) was utilised as a substrate for probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DPC16 in an anaerobic batch fermenter for 36 h. The biomass growth in MRS broth was noticeably higher with AMF Manuka honey than invert syrup and control samples without any additional sweetener source. The pH value was significantly lowered below 4.0 only in the AMF samples with the formation of lactic acid as the major metabolite. Other beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), such as acetic, succinic, and propionic acids, produced during the fermentation, along with the honey saccharides, were quantified by two-dimensional (2-D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A significantly (p < 0.05) high biomass in AMF 20+ sample after 36 h, can partly be attributed to the high total sugar and oligosaccharide content in the honey. Importantly, however, no statistically significant difference was observed in the recorded major fermentation outcomes for the different AMF levels. The results, nevertheless, indicate the potential prebiotic efficacy of Manuka honey as a fermentation substrate for the lactobacilli probiotic strain.

Nanoparticles Size Distribution Assessment During Early Synthesis Stages

Nanotechnology, an innovative field of material science, designs and produces nanostructures materials with unique properties that make them suited for various bioengineering applications. The shape and the dimension are the main variables depending on the method of synthesis or chemical precursors. Silver nanoparticles obtained through chemical synthesis exhibit as strong antibacterial effect if their size lays in a well-defined range. However, a small size of such particles, in the range of nanometers to several tens of nanometers, requires specific techniques as Dynamic Light Scattering or Transmission Electron Microscopy, both being affected by certain assumptions or by the high cost and long time required for a measurement. A nonconventional method based on Direct Particle Tracking can be used to produce the particle size distribution in the early nanoparticle synthesis stages. The work presents a realistic computer simulation of nanoparticle diffusion performed with the CHODIN code and a size distribution assessment using a code for Direct Particle Tracking written for this purpose. The results are consistent with the particle size used for simulation and states as a proof of concept for using the Direct Particle Tracking method for particle size distribution in the early stages of nanoparticle synthesis.

UJI DAYA HAMBAT ANTIBAKTERI AIR PERASAN DAGING BUAH NANAS (ANANAS COMOSUS (L) MERR VAR. QUEEN) TERHADAP BAKTERI PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES

Abstrak: Buah nanas (Ananas comosus (L) Merr) merupakan salah satu jenis buah-buahan tropis yang banyak diminati masyarakat. Buah nanas biasa dingunakan masyarakat sebagai antibakteri, antiinflamasi, antikoagulan, dan antikanker. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui uji daya hambat anti bakteri air perasan daging buah nanas (Ananas comosus (L) Merr Var. Queen) terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan menggunakan metode difusi kertas cakram. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa air perasan daging buah nanas (Ananas comosus (L) Merr Var. Queen) pada konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% memiliki efektivitas sedang sebagai antibakteri dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes, pada kontrol positif yang menggunakan klindamisin dengan rata-rata diameter zona hambat sebesar 25,8 mm memiliki pengaruh antibakteri yang sangat kuat dan untuk kontrol negatif dengan menggunakan aquades tidak menunjukkan zona hambat 0 mm pada bakteri Propionibacterium acnes.Kata kunci: Buah nanas, propionibacterium acnes, daya hambat antibakteri.Abstract: Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L) Merr) is one of the most popular fruit among people, Pineapple is used as antibacterial, anti-inlfammatory, anticoagulant and anticancer. The purpose of this study is to determine the antibacterial inhibitory test of pineapple juice (Ananas comosus (L) Merr Var. Queen) against Propionibacterium acnes. This research is a laboratory experimental using paper disc diffisuion method. The results of this study indicate that pineapple juice at concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% it has a moderately antibacterial effectiveness in inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, positive control using clindamycin with an average inhibition zone diameter of 25.8 mm has a very strong antibacterial effect and for negative control using aquades does not show 0 mm inhibition zone in Propionibacterium acnes bacteria.Keywords: Pineapple fruit, propionibacterium acnes, antibacterial inhibition.

Rationale and assessment of the effectiveness of systemic antibiotic therapy of generalized periodontitis in patients with diabetes mellitus

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of systemic antibiotic therapy with Tsiprolet A in patients with periodontitis generalizovanim and diabetes. Object and Methods. We examined and treated 25 patients with generalized periodontitis I–II degree and IDDM by a single scheme of clinical studies and index, as recommended by WHO. All patients were treated with topical anti-inflammatory antibiotic therapy using paste «Parasept». In the study group (12 pers.) Additionally given Tsiprolet A for systemic antibiotic therapy. Results. Using the drug «Tsiprolet A» complex therapy of generalized periodontitis in patients with IDDM provided decrease microbial contamination of periodontal pockets almost 3 times, most clearly manifested antibacterial effect against oral Trichomonas and fungi of the genus Candida. Clinical and laboratory values in group were 2-fold better than the control. Conclusion. The drug «Tsiprolet A» has a strong antibacterial effect: 40 % overall reduced colonization of the oral cavity, disappear pathogenic forms of microorganisms (trichomonas, yeast-like fungi, etc.), restored normal microbiocenosis oral cavityю Using Tsiprolet A combined with pasta Parasept in complex treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis and diabetes helps stimulate local protective factors in the mouth, high anti-inflammatory effect, which allows to predict the increase in terms of remission of generalized periodontitis in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Spider peptide toxin lycosin-I induces apoptosis and inhibits migration of prostate cancer cells

Spider toxins are molecularly diverse and some display not only a strong antibacterial effect but also exhibit significant inhibition of tumor growth and promote tumor cell apoptosis. The aim of the present investigation was to explore different antitumor effects of the spider peptide toxin lycosin-I through different pathways at different concentrations. It was found that by inactivating STAT3 pathway, high concentrations of lycosin-I induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cells and low concentrations of lycosin-I inhibit the migration of prostate cancer cells. This finding provides favorable evidence for further study of the molecular diversity of spider toxins. Impact statement The spider peptide toxin has become an important research topic. These toxins are molecularly diverse and some display not only a strong antibacterial effect but also exhibit significant inhibition of tumor growth and promote tumor cell apoptosis. Inspired by previous studies, the present study aims to investigate the effects of different concentrations of lycosin-I on the invasiveness and apoptosis of human prostate cancer cells. The findings provide favorable evidence for further study of the molecular diversity of spider toxins.

Comparison of the effectiveness of different antimicrobial surface technologies

The risk of infection via microbiologically contaminated surfaces has already been demonstrated by other publications. In this work two different antibacterial surface technologies transition metalloacids (AMiSTec) and TiO2/AgNO3 (Health Complete) were compared regarding feasibility as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The examination of the antimicrobial activity was assessed according to the JIS Z 2801. We could demonstrate that all of our tested samples showed a strong antimicrobial activity (>log 3 germ reduction) in the JIS experiments. Furthermore this strong antibacterial effect could be shown already after <30min incubation and at low light intensity (approx. 300 Lux) for the TiO2/AgNO3 samples. Both technologies provide a high potential for an improved infection control for example in a high risk environment like operation rooms or intensive care units.

Preparation of PMMA/Nano-Cu Antibacterial Plastic by In Situ Polymerization

PMMA/nanoCu antibacterial plastic was prepared by in situ polymerization using MMA as monomer, BPO as initiator and surface treated nanoCu as antibacterial agent. AMEO was used for surface treatment of nanoCu. ATR-FTIR spectra showed that AMEO successfully reacted on the surface of nanoCu. SEM spectra showed that nanoCu dispersed evenly in the PMMA/nanoCu composite. Antibacterial test results showed that the composite had a strong antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial rate reached more than 99%. Therefore, the PMMA/nanoCu composite can be used in various fields of antibacterial plastic products.

Antibacterial effects of mixtures of extracts of usnea, thyme and angelica obtained using different technological processes against certain types of bacteria of importance in veterinary medicine

Antibacterial effects of plant extracts were examined using mixtures of extracts obtained using different technological processes: usnea extract was obtained using the process of supercritical extraction (NKE), angelica extract was obtained through supercritical extraction processes (NKE) and ultrasound extraction using ethanol (UZ), and thyme extract was obtained using the process of hydrodistillation (HD). Mixtures of the listed extracts were examined in various ratios: U (NKE) and T (HD) in a ratio of 1:1, U (NKE) and T (HD) in a ratio of 7:3, U (NKE), T (HD) and A (NKE) in a ratio of 2:2:1, and U (NKE), T (HD) and A (UZ) in a ratio of 2:2:1. The investigations covered 15 strains of bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Enterococus, including the strains MRSA, VRE as well as reference strains of S. pyogenes ATCC 19615, S. agalactiae ATCC 27959 and S. aureus ATCC 11632. The antibacterial action of mixes of plant extracts was examined using the microdilution method in bouillon, and the examined mix concentrations were from 1.25 g/mL to 1280 g/mL. The strongest antibacterial effect was exhibited by mixes of usnea (NKE) and thyme (HD) in ratios of 1:1 and 7:3 with obtained MIC values from 5 g/mL to 160 g/mL, but the MIC value of the listed mixtures for the biggest number of strains amounted to 40 g/mL. A somewhat weaker effect was exhibited by the other examined extract mixtures with obtained MIC values of 10 g/mL to 320 g/mL. Based on the obtained MIC values and the results of previous investigations, it can be concluded that the examined mixtures of plant extracts exhibited a very strong antibacterial effect on the examined bacteria strains. .

Effect of Ion Release on Antibacterial Activity of Melt-Derived and Sol-Gel-Derived Reactive Ceramics

Four different bioreactive ceramics were prepared using a sol-gel method and a standard melting process. The aim was to study antibacterial effect of these materials on the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis. The dissolution (Si and Ca ions) of fine (≤ 45 !m) ceramic powders in a tryptone soya broth (TSB) was investigated. Also the pH changes in TSB solution were measured. In addition the adherence of Enterococcus faecalis (Ef) to materials was investigated. The bacterial adhesion was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the bacterial and the adhesion test, CaPSiO2 and S53P4 had the strongest antimicrobial effect against studied bacteria. It was shown that bioreactive sol-gel derived ceramic with sufficient high Ca ion release (> 270 ppm) can reach strong antibacterial effect also at lower pH values (< 9.6).