Gedong Gincu mango farmer’s perceptions toward the advantages and obstacles of the modern market

Gedong gincu mango is an exotic fruit that can become an exclusive mango to supply the modern market. This paper aims to explore the perceptions of Gedong Gincu mango farmers toward their interests, advantages, and barriers to entering the modern market. The study was conducted in Indramayu and Cirebon Districts, West Java, during Juli‒Agustus 2019, with 102 farmers as respondents. This study applied a survey method for data collection using structured questionnaires. The data were descriptively analyzed with a focus on farmer’s perception of the modern market. The results showed that most respondents (>50%) in Indramayu and Cirebon Districts are interested in selling their mango to the modern market. The biggest advantages of the modern market are that they will get a higher price (75%), gain access to better quality seeds/seedlings (16.50%), and get technical assistance and new skills, especially for cultivating and handling yields (15.06%). This study also reveals factors that cause farmers reluctant to sell mangoes to the modern market. The main reason is that most farmers own small-scale farms, so they cannot meet modern market criteria (28.73%). Besides, farmers feel that the mango has low-quality products. Other farmers think they do not have the ability, experience, and sufficient information related to modern markets (14.94%). This study suggests that the government could encourage mango farmers to engage in the modern market by facilitating the training to improve farmer’s capability and provide a supplier who guarantees the supply’s payment and sustainability.

Hydrolysate from Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Meat: Enzymatic Hydrolysis, Optimization and Bioactive Properties

Mussel production generates losses and waste since their commercialisation must be aligned with target market criteria. Since mussels are rich in proteins, their meat can be explored as a source of bioactive hydrolysates. Thus, the main objective of this study was to establish the optimal production conditions through two Box–Behnken designs to produce, by enzymatic hydrolysis (using subtilisin and corolase), hydrolysates rich in proteins and with bioactive properties. The factorial design allowed for the evaluation of the effects of three factors (hydrolysis temperature, enzyme ratio, and hydrolysis time) on protein/peptides release as well as antioxidant and anti-hypertensive properties of the hydrolysates. The hydrolysates produced using the optimised conditions using the subtilisin protease showed 45.0 ± 0.38% of protein, antioxidant activity via ORAC method of 485.63 ± 60.65 µmol TE/g of hydrolysate, and an IC50 for the inhibition of ACE of 1.0 ± 0.56 mg of protein/mL. The hydrolysates produced using corolase showed 46.35 ± 1.12% of protein, antioxidant activity of 389.48 ± 0.21 µmol TE/g of hydrolysate, and an IC50 for the inhibition of ACE of 3.7 ± 0.33 mg of protein/mL. Mussel meat losses and waste can be used as a source of hydrolysates rich in peptides with relevant bioactive properties, and showing potential for use as ingredients in different industries, such as food and cosmetics, contributing to a circular economy and reducing world waste.

Multi Criteria Analysis for Selecting Sharia Capital Market Management Investment Using ANP

<div><p class="1eAbstract-text"><em>The society orientation has shifted from a saving-oriented society to an investing-oriented society. Currently, investors have many choices of investment instruments to invest in the Islamic capital market. Previous studies have shown the factors that influence the capital market and influence investors' decisions to invest in the capital market. This study uses the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method to (1) determine the criteria that need to be taken into consideration in choosing an Islamic capital market investment instrument. (2) knowing the ideal investment instrument based on established criteria. The criteria used in this study include seven criteria, namely: investment performance criteria, risk criteria, liquidity criteria, macroeconomic factor criteria, individual circumstance criteria, psychological factor criteria, and demographic criteria. The respondents in this study were five experts from academics, practitioners, and regulator. The major findings of the research are (1) the criteria to be considered in choosing Islamic capital market investment instruments are divided into investor criteria and capital market criteria. Investor criteria include; psychological factors (motivation and self control), individual circumtances (financial literacy), demographics (income and education). Capital market criteria include: investment performance (capital gain, yield, and fundamental analysis), risk (financial risk, market risk and management risk), macroeconomic factors (exchange rates and gross domestic product), liquidity (liquidity ratio). (2) the alternative with the highest priority is sharia mutual funds, then sukuk and sharia stocks</em><em>.</em></p></div>

Procedure for forming the fair value of non-financial assets in public sector organizations

This article presents the concept of “non-financial asset” in relation to public sector organizations, discusses the conditions for classifying objects as non-financial assets, refers to legislative and regulatory acts related to the problem under study, forms the concept of “fair value”, provides parameters for assessing fair value and options for determining it, including on the basis of using market criteria in compliance with certain parameters, describes the procedure for establishing fair value for lease and gratuitous use.

The Archipelago of Cultural and Creative Industries: A Case Study of the Basque Country

The cultural and creative industries (e.g., digital/audiovisual content, publishing and print media, etc.) constitute an emerging business sector focused on aligning cultural and creative production with profitability and market criteria that encompasses a diverse range of entities, generates employment, boosts GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and drives innovation. This paper analyses the impact of the cultural and creative industries on the economy of the Basque Country and provides information concerning the number of companies present in this sector, their legal structures, annual turnovers, size in terms of the number of people they employ and relative ability to secure public funding for entrepreneurial support and creative projects. Our findings indicate that businesses of this nature in the Basque Country form an ecosystem similar to an archipelago in which companies with a strong entrepreneurial focus, high annual turnovers and a national and international clientele coexist alongside smaller, less profit-oriented organisations devoted to regional cultural development.

Software as a Medical Device: Need of the Hour (Preprint)

UNSTRUCTURED The rapid increase in smartphone use in the 21st century led to the introduction of many stand-alone health and medical devices. “Software intended to be used for one or more medical purposes without being part of a hardware medical device is referred as software as a medical device”. The design and regulatory science of SaMD depends on the early stages of software development that helps to assign them to different category of medical devices. Globally, there are tremendous technological innovations available that offered the opportunity to pursue a more efficient diagnosis and therapeutic solution compared to conventional approaches. The major benefits include tracking and altering the occurrence of a disease and improved health outcomes through rapid feedback, resulting in faster innovation. Apart from the advantages there are some technological challenges faced by SaMD such as maintaining the confidentiality, availability and integrity of patient data. The main objective is to provide the regulatory outline on the SaMD’s for safe and effective use by patients. The regulatory framework of both USFDA and EMA for software has been well structured when compared to other regulatory agencies. But more focus needs to be paid to pre-market criteria and the road to regulatory approval. The present study highlights the regulatory requirements for registering the SaMD in USA and European countries.

RESEARCH ON WINE PRODUCERS IN SOUTH CENTRAL REGION OF BULGARIA

The interest in the subsector Wine production is caused, on the one hand, by the growing competition and the rapidly developing world market of wine products, characterised by an increase in consumption and export. On the other hand, the interest in the market continues to grow due to the importance of the subsector for our country. The main objective of this paper is to study the leading winemakers in the South Central Region of Bulgaria. In this regard, some indicators for the activity of the studied 15 wine production enterprises are derived. In particular, three leading market criteria are covered - net sales revenue, sales revenue per employee and relative market share. Based on an analysis of market indicators, conclusions are drawn and trends for the development of wine production in the studied region are presented.

The Original Measurement of the Unemployment Rate is Obsolete-Interpretation of the Unemployment and Inactivity is Cumbersome and Redundant

In a society which can be described by the single-earner family model, unemployment and the unemployment rate could be relevant category of the economy in general, and that of macroeconomics in particular. In the 20th century, the share of employed women rose gradually, and as a result the traditional family model disintegrated by the second half of the century. The predominance of the dual-income family and the single-adult household model (cannot be regarded as insignificant), which crowded out the single-earner family model, does not allow the grouping of the population according to labour market criteria in the earlier manner even logically and it is also not supported by actual practice. If we want to measure the joint proportion of the unemployed and the inactive, we can only compare it to the number of working-age population, as the employment rate is the number of the employed compared to the working-age population.

Evaluation of Hotel Companies Owning Five-Star Hotels in Primorsko-Goranska County (Croatia) Using the Multi-Criteria Approach

Introduction. High-category hotels are considered to be one of the most important elements of every tourist destination’s supply. Recently, the lack of highly rated hotels in the Republic of Croatia has often been criticized by the public because they are believed to be a prerequisite in the creation of a competitive tourist offer.Material and methods. The authors have performed a multi-criteria decision analysis of eight companies owning five-star hotels in Primorsko-Goranska County using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Their business performance was evaluated based on both financial and market criteria. The financial criteria encompassed indicators of liquidity, indebtedness, activity and profitability. Data regarding the market indicators were collected using a questionnaire.Results. The importance of market criteria in the tourism industry is visible in tourist demand, which is founded on the perception of potential hotel guests, their recognition of the brand and thus the market potential of the hotels themselves. Therefore, both the financial and market aspect have been included in the Analytic Hierarchy Process analysis and synthesized to estimate the overall priority based on which the hotels were ranked. According to all criteria and sub-criteria, the best ranked hotel company is Eles Turizam j.d.o.o with its five-star hotel Mozart (0.2540), followed by Milenij hotels d.o.o. with its Milenij and Milenij Sveti Jakov. The third place has been assigned to Liburnija Rivijera Hoteli d.o.o. and its Ambasador.Conclusions. All but one of the analyzed five-star hotels are under the ownership of the biggest hotel companies in PGŽ with a long presence in the tourism industry. Therefore, it was expected that, due to their market recognizability and, consequently, their good financial performance, they would rank first. However, the research has shown that market potential does not necessarily imply best practices. Eles Turizam and its hotel Mozart were ranked the highest according to financial and overall priority scores. It may thus be concluded that even a small family hotel company with reduced marketing costs, especially one with an elite tourist offer, can compete with big hotel companies if it continuously assures the quality of its services.

PEMODELAN KAWASAN PASAR SOUVENIR DI DESA TOMOK (Objek Kasus : Desa Wisata Tomok, Kabupaten Samosir, Sumatera Utara)

The tourist market or souvenir shop is a place of sale and purchase transactions in the tourist area that sells merchandise. The tourism market can be classified into traditional markets according to the physical, time, area of activities and goods traded. The tourism market can also be classified as a traditional market according to its function as culture, a market that has multi roles, not only acts as a meeting place between sellers and buyers but the market also has a function as a meeting place for each of those who use the market. Trading is one of the economic activities of the Tomok tourism village. The souvenir shop shows a lot of variants in terms of size / area, shape and ownership of the shop. It is importance to provide the right model in the souvenir market area in Tomok village. The research is using Modelling methodology. The benefit of this study is to find a model of the souvenir market area in Tomok tourism village that meets the souvenir market criteria.