Função Sexual de Mulheres com Vaginismo: Uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura / Sexual Function of Women with Vaginismus: An Integrative Literature Review

O objetivo do artigo consiste em analisar a função sexual e a qualidade de vida de mulheres com vaginismo através da elaboração de uma revisão integrativa de literatura. O processo de elaboração fundamentou-se através da busca por artigos mediante das principais plataformas de periódicos em ciências e saúde mundial: Lilac’s, Medline e Scielo Os filtros aplicados consistiram no ano de publicação, entre 2018 a 2021, com conteúdo integralmente disponível nas línguas português, inglês e espanhol os critérios de inclusão estabeleceu-se estudos transversais. A partir dos filtros aplicados e através do processo de seleção de estudo, foram identificados 7 artigos científicos. É possível concluir que o vaginismo exerce forte impacto sobre a vida das pacientes diagnosticadas, tendo em vista que em algumas vezes o vaginismo, está associado a infertilidade, assim como a dor durante a relação sexual é intensa, comprometendo a satisfação, a qualidade e a prática do mesmo.---The aim of this article is to analyze the sexual function and quality of life of women with vaginismus through the development of an integrative literature review. The elaboration process was based on the search for articles through the main platforms of journals in science and health worldwide: Lilac's, Medline and Scielo. The filters applied consisted of the year of publication, between 2018 and 2021, with content fully available in Portuguese. , English and Spanish the inclusion criteria were established cross-sectional studies. From the filters applied and through the study selection process, 7 scientific articles were identified. It is possible to conclude that vaginismus has a strong impact on the lives of diagnosed patients, considering that sometimes vaginismus is associated with infertility, just as pain during sexual intercourse is intense, compromising satisfaction, quality and practice of it.Keywords: Sexual function; Vaginismus; Integrative review.

Project-based learning in an accounting graduate program

Considering the relevance of choosing a teaching methodology on student learning, this study aimed to identify the benefits and limitations of project-based learning. In order to reach the proposed objective, we investigated the method's application in the Cost Analysis course at a Graduate Program in Accounting. The methodology employed included document analysis, observation, questionnaire application, and a focus group with the students. In addition, the analysis considered the development of all the methodology steps proposed by the literature, descriptively and qualitatively highlighting the students' perceptions. As research results, we verified that the students' opportunity to experience the practice is the benefit most emphasized. Furthermore, we highlight autonomy development, which is essential to solving the problem proposed in the project. Regarding the limitations, the time required to develop the projects stands out, and the need to deal with diverse situations that may arise during the projects' investigation and elaboration process. The results contribute by presenting the project-based learning methodology as an opportunity for students to develop theory and practice, experiencing real issues related to professional practice. Among this study's limitations we highlight the sample size, which included only one class during one semester and evaluated only the students' perspective. It is understood that these limitations may be considered in future studies to expand the sample and make comparative analyses between classes in different periods, also covering the view of teachers.

El queso tradicional ranchero Jarocho: un estudio multidisciplinario aplicando un enfoque de la tipicidad

The objective was to integrate the information of the local milk production system, physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of the milk; elaboration process, and physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics of cheese to establish its typicity. The manufacturing of the cheese in most of the dairies studied has registered the operation of three generations of families. Variability in their chemical composition, microbiological, colour, texture and sensory was related with time and number of turns during the pressing, amount of added salt and vegetal fat. Cheeses with less pressing time had higher moisture content and less protein and fat content. The bacterial counts were related to milk quality tests, training courses and material of containers. These factors also affected the hardness of the cheese. Those with added vegetable fat and with high salt content had the highest hardness. The Hue angle (h°) of the cheeses indicated a tonality close to yellow (90°). Difference in chromaticity (C*) can be related to the use of vegetable fat. Cheeses with higher moisture content were brighter (L*) and had less color saturation. The sensory evaluation showed that the most typical cheeses were perceived in the attributes as salty, milk aroma, and serum and milking smell. Applying sanitation measures of milk collection, good cheese manufacturing practices and avoiding the addition of vegetable fat, it could be possibly getting a legal-commercial protection of the ranchero Jarocho cheese.

Chemical parameters and antioxidant activity of turning color natural-style table olives of the Sigoise cultivar

A chemical characterization of turning color table olives of the Sigoise variety was made through their processing as natural-style. Polyphenols, sugars, tocopherols, fatty acids, and antioxidant activity in the olives were monitored throughout the elaboration process. Oleuropein, salidroside, hydroxytyrosol 4-glucoside, rutin, ligustroside and verbascoside showed a decrease of 16.90-83.34%, while hydroxytyrosol increased during the first months of brining. Glucose was consumed by 90% due to the metabolism of the fermentative microbiota. The tocopherol content remained stable during the process and only the α-tocopherol decreased. The fatty acids were not affected. The loss in antioxidant compounds resulted in a decrease in the percentage of DPPH radical inhibition from 75.91% in the raw fruit to 44.20% after 150 days of brining. Therefore, the turning color natural table olives of the Sigoise variety are a good source of bioactive compounds.

Specificity and Origin of the Stability of the Sr Isotopic Ratio in Champagne Wines

The 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 39 Champagnes from six different brands, originating from the whole “Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée” (AOC) Champagne was analyzed to establish a possible relation with the geographical origin. Musts (i.e., grape juice) and base wines were also analyzed to study the evolution of the Sr isotopic ratio during the elaboration process of sparkling wine. The results demonstrate that there is a very homogeneous Sr isotopic ratio (87Sr/86Sr = 0.70812, n = 37) and a narrow span of variability (2σ = 0.00007, n = 37). Moreover, the Sr concentrations in Champagnes have also low variability, which can be in part explained by the homogeneity of the bedrock in the AOC Champagne. Measurements of the 87Sr/86Sr ratio from musts and base wines show that blending during Champagne production plays a major role in the limited variability observed. Further, the 87Sr/86Sr of the musts were closely linked to the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of the vineyard soil. It appears that the 87Sr/86Sr of the product does not change during the elaboration process, but its variability decreases throughout the process due to blending. Both the homogeneity of the soil composition in the Champagne AOC and the blending process during the wine making process with several blending steps at different stages account for the unique and stable Sr isotopic signature of the Champagne wines.

The Grief Elaboration Process in the Pandemic Scenario: A Group Intervention

The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed thousands of victims worldwide. To deal with loss is a formidable challenge for all, especially those who experienced losing their loved ones. The grief elaboration process is complex, and the pandemic adds some specific challenges, such as the restrictions to funerals and farewell rituals or the impossibility of saying goodbye due to the sanitary measures. This chapter presents a group psychological intervention aimed at people who lost their relatives to COVID-19. The therapeutic groups were carried out virtually through six sessions and brought together people from all over Brazil. Narrative therapy was the theoretical model adopted. The participants mentioned the moment of diagnosis as decisive for experiencing the disease\'s terminality and anguish, promoting guilt and anxiety in the family. In the group, the participants found space to share the painful experience, and throughout the sessions, they were able to develop coping resources. They mentioned strategies, such as activating the family and social support network, recalling legacies and moments they shared with the deceased, and elaborating farewell rituals adapted to the pandemic circumstances. The participants evaluated the group intervention as very important for reframing the pain of loss and restoring future projects since they counted on the help and inspiration of the other participants who went through this painful experience in similar circumstances.

CONTRIBUIÇÕES PSICANALÍTICAS ACERCA DO LUTO E DA MELANCOLIA

A temática do luto e melancolia é demasiadamente importante no estudo psicanalítico e tem sido estudada desde o criador da psicanálise, Sigmund Freud, até autores contemporâneos que acrescentaram e revisaram as ideias iniciais. A perda do objeto de amor propicia ao indivíduo a experiência do luto, enquanto, na melancolia, o estado de sofrimento psíquico se dá a partir da perda ou danificação dos objetos internos sem, necessariamente, a perda de um objeto real. Os estados de luto e melancolia desencadeiam sofrimento psíquico, podendo inclusive levar o indivíduo ao patológico. O presente estudo tem como objetivo elucidar elementos presentes no luto e na melancolia e o processo de elaboração psíquica, utilizando como recurso artístico o filme Melancolia (2011) do diretor dinamarquês Lars Von Trier, articulando as teorias psicanalíticas acerca do tema, seus desdobramentos e consequências psíquicas. Para isso, utilizou-se como metodologia a revisão bibliográfica. A análise dos mecanismos encontrados na personagem Justine da obra de Lars Von Trier e suas vivências subjetivas dos processos ligados à melancolia permite avaliar importantes aspectos sobre a identificação melancólica e a temática da perda de objeto e investimentos afetivos com o mundo externo. Conclui-se que a melancolia, apesar de apresentar aspectos patológicos e prejuízos no campo afetivo e social, pode possibilitar potencialidades e saídas criativas em situações de desamparo diante da possibilidade de finitude humana, enquanto no processo de elaboração do luto envolve a escolha de um objeto substituto. PSYCHOANALYTICAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO MOURNING AND MELANCHOLY ABSTRACT The mourning and the melancholy issues are profoundly important for psychoanalytic study, and it has been studied from the creator of psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud to contemporary authors who added and revised the first concepts. Losing beloved ones results in the mourning experience to the individual, whereas in melancholy the suffering mental feeling comes from losing or damaging internal objects, without necessarily losing a real object. Mourning and melancholy conditions trigger mental suffering and may even lead the individual to a pathological condition. The present study aims at elucidating mourning and melancholy elements, and the psychic elaboration process, using the film Melancolia (2011) by the Danish director Lars Von Trier as an artistic resource, articulating the psychoanalytic theories about the issue, outcomes, and psychic consequences. In this regard, the literature review was used as a methodology. The analysis of the mechanisms found in the character Justine of Lars Von Trier's artwork, and his subjective experiences of the processes related to melancholy, allows us to evaluate important aspects as concerns melancholy identification and the loss of object issue and affective investments with the external world. It is concluded that melancholy, despite presenting pathologic aspects and damages for affective and social areas, may provide potentialities and creative results for abandon situations when facing the possibility of human finitude, whereas in the natural mourning stage involves the displacement mechanism. Descriptors: Mourning. Melancholy. Movie theater. Psychoanalysis.

Design of Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Microbeads with Tunable Functional Properties and High Biodegradability in Seawater

Commercial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBHV) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) were used to prepare microbeads, with diameter ranging from 50 to 100 µm, by an emulsion-evaporation process. The properties of the beads reveal that the elaboration process enables the formation of spherical particles, that the crystallinity of the former polymer is not altered during the process and that the surface roughness of the particles can be tuned by changing the nature of the lateral chain in the PHA structure, in good correlation with its crystalline behavior. The mechanical properties of the different PHA beads are also found to be intimely linked with the crystalline content of the beads, with modulus varying between 1 to 7 GPa. All these properties are also governing the degradation behavior of these materials, as tested under marine environment. With a rapid degradation, similar to cellulose, and a degradation rate correlated with the crystalline content, these results emphasize the interest in developing PHA materials with tunable functions and degradation properties.

Optimisation of the nanofiltration process of residual wastewater from table olives using synthetic solutions for the recovery of phenolic compounds

Synthetic solution of ultrafiltration permeate from brine wastewater from the elaboration process of table olives was used to investigate the simulation and optimisation of the nanofiltration process with the aim of reducing the contents of salt and organic material, as well as maintaining the major phenolic content in the permeate of nanofiltration as a contribution to their possible recovery. The synthetic solution was elaborated by considering the main characteristics of the ultrafiltration permeate of residual brine from table olive fermentation. A response surface methodology – central composite design (RSM-CCD) was used. The efficiency of conductivity (Ec), total polyphenol content (TPC) and chemical oxygen demand rejections (RTPC and RCOD) were the response variables selected. Transmembrane pressure (TMP), cross-flow velocity (CFV) and nanomembrane type (NF270 and NF245) were the independent variables. The range for RTPC was from 0.59 to 3.34%, while the values for Ec were higher than the NF270 membrane, being between 13.63 and 24.13%. The RSM-CCD results indicate that the optimum that satisfies the objectives of the research were: nanomembrane (NF245), TMP (14.43 bar) and CFV (1.50 m/s). This allowed the permeate to keep 97.39% of polyphenol contents and reduce organic material and salts by 52 and 23%, respectively.