An Appraisal of Aadhaar and Digital Payments Strategies in India

India has high digital ambitions despite considerable poverty, the digital divide, and continued high currency usage. Digitalisation has caused both excitement and fear in India – government and companies are excited about an increase in efficiency, closing the leakages, customer confidence, and satisfaction. The present study examines the role of digitalisation in the Indian economy, especially in creating a unique Digital ID (Aadhaar) and its impact on the economic, financial, and payment infrastructure. The study finds major innovations in cheque processing, real-time gross settlement, national electronic fund transfer, and other payment methods have considerably reduced the cost of banking facility in India. The Indian capital market has already witnessed electronic trading and settlement and has recently witnessed emergence of no-brokerage companies which can change the fundamental dynamics of the investment industry in India. The retail trade market, especially e-commerce, ride share market in India reflecting global trends, has also witnessed considerable “multi-homing.”

Banking Perspective of E-Commerce and Digital Enterprise Transformation

Digital enterprise transformation facilitates financial services organizations via enabling them to be more secure, compliant, as well as being digital. It modifies the experience of employees, partners, customers, and stakeholders. The contemporary world is changing very rapidly as information technology has redefined e-commerce. In its simplest sense, a baseline definition of e-commerce can be the performing of business by engaging computer networks and telecommunication aspects. In a narrow sense, e-commerce is pertinent to the commercial sphere involving transactions and people relate it to buying and selling via the internet. On a broader spectrum, it has a wider range of multiple activities. The specific definition thus used in this research curtails it as being an activity performed via a telecommunication network or the internet, which is a component of business model that generates profits and also involves selling. It might be any one of the following: information, products (physical or digital), and services.

Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of Digital Education

This chapter explores the impact that artificial intelligence will make in the education sector and how it will transform the way in which both educators and students interact in the classrooms of the future. The chapter begins with an introduction into the digital education space as well as where artificial intelligence currently sits. When it comes to the transformation of education, the authors explore the educator and student perspectives to ensure both sides requirements are portrayed. Both stakeholders have an equally large learning curve and require more digital literacy than in the past; however, the transformation that artificial intelligence will bring to the table is that educators and students will likely not be trapped with repetitive tasks and can focus on being creative, learning, and teaching. The three elements they explore in this chapter will give insight into work previously completed, research being conducted, and future insights and observations.

Innovation Leadership in the Digital Enterprise

In this chapter, the EIL (Effective Innovation Leadership) framework is tested empirically. First, peer-reviewed journals in the innovation management, leadership, and transformation discipline are analyzed. Second, a pre-test with 58 executives takes place. The response behavior of the participants varies depending on the company's degree of digital maturity. Third, 20 innovation leaders employed in mature digital companies answer the survey. The participants perceive their company as innovative and state that up to 89% of created innovations are digital. Values relevant to digital innovation leaders are innovation, responsibility, positivity, and transparency. Relevant strengths are creativity and learning. Both strongly correlate with a few efficacy items. Decisiveness correlates with innovation strategy. Entrepreneurship, self-regulation, and culture correlate with each other. Creativity connects the value of innovation and the practice of communication. The insights from this chapter contribute to building a reliable and valid factor-based effective digital innovation leadership questionnaire in the future.

A Study on Deep Learning Methods in the Concept of Digital Industry 4.0

Nowadays, the main features of Industry 4.0 are interpreted to the ability of machines to communicate with each other and with a system, increasing the production efficiency and development of the decision-making mechanisms of robots. In these cases, new analytical algorithms of Industry 4.0 are needed. By using deep learning technologies, various industrial challenging problems in Industry 4.0 can be solved. Deep learning provides algorithms that can give better results on datasets owing to hidden layers. In this chapter, deep learning methods used in Industry 4.0 are examined and explained. In addition, data sets, metrics, methods, and tools used in the previous studies are explained. This study can lead to artificial intelligence studies with high potential to accelerate the implementation of Industry 4.0. Therefore, the authors believe that it will be very useful for researchers and practitioners who want to do research on this topic.

Blockchain for Education Enterprises

Education enterprises (e.g., schools, universities, online platforms) seeking digital transformation require careful evaluation of their strategies and transformative capabilities. Although transformation of teaching routines is slowly evolving into student-centric learning, individual-oriented learning routines (assess, evidence, credentials) are complex to manage compared to established teaching routines (define, engage, and enhance) using existing digital learning management systems. This has resulted in poor tracking of 21st century skills (21C) of learners, which are highly sought by teachers, learners, and employers. Based on reviews of blockchain use cases from the education literature, this study proposes a blockchain for education learning ledger (BELL) model to capture and track 21C skills demanded by Industry 4.0. The BELL model includes an innovative assess skills chain for developing strategic learning capabilities and enabling reconfiguration of learning outcomes.

Quadruple Change

The author in this study presents the new term called “Quadruple Change” as a framework for delivering high-value digital transformation in organizations. The quadruple change consists of technical, organizational, social, and global change during digital transformation. The author conducted a qualitative exploratory study to explore strategies that leaders need to adopt to cultivate transformation agents during digital transformation toward establishing sustainability. The study revealed that for successful digital transformation, organizations need to empower employees, engage them in the process of change, and develop the culture of transformation in the dynamic environment. Toward this achievement, cultivating transformation agents based on quadruple change is one of the significant steps. The study findings identified seven factors contributing to cultivating transformation agents in organizations, including vision creation, mindset change, knowledge improvement, innovation development, motivation increment, leadership support, and collaboration.

Digital Business Transformations

This chapter is designed with the aim of analyzing digital business transformations (i.e., digital transformations that companies decide to start in order to respond to market changes). Nowadays, these changes are due to the affirmation of a new paradigm of doing business that is strongly characterized by the role of information and communications technologies (ICT) and information and communication infrastructures (ICI). This has led to the point that digital business transformations are increasingly being considered as a topic exclusively related to information technology and engineering fields of research. In contrast with the above promise, the present research aims to investigate digital business transformations according to a managerial perspective that is often sacrificed in practice. The preponderant role of technologies often leads—in an incorrect way—to neglect the basic concepts of management that, on the other hand, persist in change and, indeed, constitute the backbone of change itself.

Technopreneurship Development

South Africa's unemployment rate is among the highest in the world with the youth being the most affected by joblessness and accounting for 63.3% of the total number of unemployed persons. A comprehensive strategy for youth employment as part of a broader focus on expanding employment is therefore necessary. This chapter assessed the status of technopreneurship development and identified key variables that determine a successful technopreneurship. Theory U, entrepreneurship orientation, and triple helix models were reviewed to better understand the drivers of technopreneurship development. The study identified barriers to effective technopreneurship development including inadequate funding to support young technopreneurs, weak linkages between stakeholders, lack of awareness in technopreneurship opportunities, lack of infrastructure, lack of appropriate mentors and role models. The chapter further proposed a conceptual model for successful technopreneurship development.

The Fourth Revolution

Technological breakthroughs are the reasons for industrial revolution to occur. However, it may take time to exert its effects on social and technological domains. Artificial intelligence is the branch of computer science which tries to replicate human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. It is acquiring increasing importance in industrial application, revolutionizing the entire industrial system enough to be referred as “Fourth Industrial Revolution.” This chapter describes the impacts of artificial intelligence on the economy and society at large. Specifically, it analyzes the enablers and barriers behind the automatization of the working force and how the digital transformation may entail opportunities and challenges for the current economic and working dynamics as well as for society in general.