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Published By Universitas Bina Mandiri Gorontalo
DESCRIPTION OF BILIRUBIN CONDITION CHECKING ON ALCOHOL CONSUMER IN EAST POHUWATO VILLAGE, POHUWATO DISTRICT
Based on 2014 WHO data, 61.7% of the world's population has consumed alcohol for more than 12 months which has caused around 3.3 million deaths or 5.9% of all deaths worldwide. For the 2018 RISKESDAS data in Indonesia, the first highest alcohol consumption area is North Sulawesi 16%, followed by East Nusa Tenggara 15.6, then Bali area 14%, and for Gorontalo area 11.3%. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of bilirubin levels in alcohol consumers in Pohuwato Timur Village, Pohuwato Regency including the length of time of consumption, age, types of drinks frequently consumed, frequency of alcohol consumption, and frequency of the amount of alcohol in one drink. This research uses descriptive research which is quantitative in nature. The population in the study was 55 samples with a sample size of 36 respondents who used the sampling technique, namely simple random sampling. The results showed that of the 36 respondents where the normal bilirubin levels were 14 respondents or if the percentage was 39%, while for the abnormal or high bilirubin levels there were 22 respondents or if the percentage was 61%. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the results of the examination of bilirubin levels in alcohol consumers in Pohuwato Timur Village, Pohuwato Regency are more dominant with abnormal or high levels compared to normal bilirubin levels.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis (pulmonary TB) is an infectious airborne disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which affect the lower respiratory tract. Education level, smoking, income, and family history were known as risk factors for pulmonary TB. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinants associated with pulmonary TB in the outpatient department of Anutapura General Hospital, Palu. This research was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The independent variables in this study were the level of education, smoking status, income, and family contact history, while the dependent variable was pulmonary TB. We enrolled 43 respondents with accidental sampling method. Data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis. The results showed that there was a relationship between education level and pulmonary TB (p = 0.024), smoking status and pulmonary TB (p = 0.004), income and pulmonary TB (p = 0.001), and family contact history with pulmonary TB (p = 0.001).There is a relationship between education level, smoking status, income, and family contact history with pulmonary TB. It is suggested to the health workers of RSU Anutapura Palu to increase understanding and knowledge of patients regarding the prevention and transmission of pulmonary TB disease.
The unsafe food will cause the health problems in the community. Sambal which is known as the traditional sauce is a sauce made from chilies that are crushed until the water content comes out, giving it a spicy taste. Furthermore, Sambal is processed in a simple way so that it can leac to the contamination of microorganisms such as Coliform bacteria contamination. This study aims to determine the presence of Coliform bacteria contamination in Sambal at the supermarket nearby the traditional market in Gorontalo City. This research is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach. It examines the existence of Coliform bacteria using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method. The population in this study were 14 samples with the sampling technique by accidental sampling. Coliform bacteria examination results show that Sambal sample is found with positive results contaminated with Coliform bacteria, namely 11 samples with a percentage of 78.6% and negative results of 3 samples with a percentage of 21.4%. Based on the results, it can be concluded that a positive result was found consisting of 1 sample of coliform fekal bacteria, in this case the bakteri Escherchia coli. bacteria, and 10 samples from the non-fecal coliform bacteria.
Blood is a liquid found in humans and all high-level animals that serves to transmit substances and oxygen needed by the body's tissues, transport chemicals from metabolism, and also as a defense of the body against viruses or bacteria. This study aims to find out the content of globulin and biuret in the blood of adolescent women and identify hemoglobin levels contained in this. Method used in this study is qualitative research that is descriptive, with sampling techniques that use purposive sampling method. The results showed that in this globulin test aims to see the presence of globulin or protein deposits in serum and the results obtained are deposits in serum samples. Then the biuret test aims to see the discoloration, and the result Occurs discoloration of the serum (white) and for this hemoglobin test aims to see if the sample blood is normal or not and the result is normal sample blood.
THE ROLE OF POSYANDU CADRES IN EFFORTS TO IMPROVE THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF TODDLERS IN SUKA MAKMUR VILLAGE, PATILANGGIO DISTRICT Ripanwati Aridi1), Titin Dunggio2), Novian S. Hadi3) 1.2.3)University Of Bina Mandiri Gorontalo, Gorontalo E-Mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The Integrated Health Post is a community role that is managed by cadres, generally who manages the Posyandu in their respective regions voluntarily. The success of Posyandu can be seen from the maternal mortality rate, infant mortality rate, and under-five mortality rate. Posyandu's specific goal is to increase community participation in the implementation of basic health efforts (primary health care), increase the role of cross-sector, and increase the reach of basic health services. The purpose of this study was to find out the role of Posyandu cadres in improving the nutritional status of toddlers in Suka Makmur Village, Patilanggio District. This research was conducted in Suka Makmur Village, Patilanggio District. The method in this study is quantitative using a cross-sectional approach with a point time approach design. The population in this study was mothers who have children aged 1 to 5 years in Suka Makmur Village, Patilanggio District. The sampling technique was taken by total sampling. The results of the study about the role of cadres in Suka Makmur Village, Patilanggio District, the best roles were 25 people (83.3%). The increase in the nutritional status of toddlers in Suka Makmur Village, Patilanggio District, the most with good nutritional status was 26 respondents (86.7%). The results of statistical tests with Fisher's Exact Test correction obtained p-value = 0.048 <á (0.05), thus there is a significant relationship between the role of Posyandu cadres in efforts to improve the nutritional status of toddlers in Suka Makmur Village, Patilanggio District. Keyword: The Role of Cadres, improved Nutritional Status, Toddle INTRODUCTION Posyandu is a Community Based Health Efforts (UKBM) which is managed, by, for, and with the community to empower the community and provide facilities for the community in obtaining basic health services. The Integrated Health Post is a community role that is managed by cadres, generally, these cadres manage posyandu in their respective areas voluntarily [1]. If the Posyandu is programmed thoroughly the problems of malnutrition in children under five, malnutrition, edema, and other health problems related to the health of mothers and children will be easily avoided because remembering that Posyandu is also one of the places for public health services that directly interact with the community. The Success of Posyandu can be seen from the maternal mortality rate, infant mortality rate, under-five mortality rate, and also coverage of other Posyandu programs such as immunization [2]. RPJMN policy direction for health 2020-2024 Improves health services towards universal health coverage, especially strengthening primary health care by encouraging increased promotional and preventive efforts, supported by innovation and the use of technology. RPJMN Strategy 2020-2024 to Improving maternal and child health, family planning, and reproductive health, accelerating community nutrition improvement, increased disease control, strengthening the Healthy Living Community Movement (Germas), Strengthening Health Systems, Drug and Food Control. Ministry of Health Strategic (2020-2024) Increasing quality universal health coverage, Improving public health status through a life cycle approach, increasing the culture of healthy living people through community empowerment and health mainstreaming, increased disease prevention and control and management of public health emergencies, increased health resources, improved good governance [3]. Village Community Health Development (PKMD) is an activity carried out by the community, from the community, and for the community. One of the operational forms of community participation or UKBM (community-based health efforts) namely with the posyandu. Posyandu is one of the means in health service efforts carried out by, from, and with the community, to empower the community and provide facilities for the community to obtain maternal and child health, which is the main objective of posyandu. Posyandu's specific goal is to increase community participation in the implementation of primary health care, increasing the role across sectors, and increasing the reach of basic health services [4]. Posyandu is held for the benefit of the community so that the community itself is actively involved in forming, organizing, and making the best use of posyandu. Community participation is needed in utilizing posyandu. In carrying out their duties, previous health cadres will be given the training to support the smooth implementation of activities to improve the nutritional status of children under five [5]. Nationally, the nutritional status of children in various regions in Indonesia is still a problem. The amount of people with malnutrition in the world reaches 104 million children, and malnutrition is the cause of one-third of all causes of child deaths worldwide. Indonesia is among a group of 36 countries in the world that contribute 90% of the world's nutritional problems [6]. Cadres are the central point in implementing posyandu activities. It is hoped that participation and activeness will be able to drive community participation. However, the presence of cadres is relatively unstable because their participation is voluntary, so there is no guarantee that they will continue to carry out their functions properly as expected. If there are family interests or other interests, the posyandu will be abandoned [7]. In 2017, the total of Posyandu in Indonesia was 291,447 but only 164,487 were active with the percentage of active Posyandu 56.57% [8]. In Gorontalo Province in 2017, the highest proportion of Posyandu was Posyandu Madya 48.5%, then Posyandu Purnama 39%, Posyandu Pratama 10.7%, and Posyandu with Independent strata only 1.9%. According to data from the health office of Gorontalo Province, in 2017 the highest of posyandu was in the Gorontalo Regency area, namely 442 posyandu and the least in the Gorontalo City is 128 posyandu [9]. The development of posyandu in Gorontalo Province aims to provide services to the community, especially improving the nutritional status of children under five. Based on data from the Health Office of Gorontalo Provincial. The results of nutritional surveillance through a survey of monitoring nutritional status (PSG) in 2015 in all areas of Gorontalo province involving the Poltekes of the Ministry of Health found that the prevalence of underweight/malnutrition in Gorontalo province is 24.4%, consisting of 18.8% malnourished toddlers and 5.6% malnutrition. Then the prevalence of stunting / short and very short was 36.5% consisting of 22.4% short and very short toddlers and 14.1%. The prevalence of wasting / thin and very thin children was 13.4% consisting of thin children 9.0% and 4.4% very thin. In 2015 the number of cases of malnutrition in Pohuwato Regency reached 105 cases, in 2016 it decreased to 57 cases and in 2017 totaled 57 cases of malnutrition, this shows that there is still a lack of health services provided by health workers and the role of cadres, especially in improving the nutritional status of children under five [9]. From the results of observations in the work area of Puskesmas Patilanggio, there are 21 posyandu with 30 cadres active in implementing posyandu. Although all of them are active, their roles are still not optimal. There are those whose participation is good and those that are lacking. From 30 cadres, it was found that 60% of their roles were motivators, 70% were administrators, and 60% were educators. After the researcher saw the implementation of posyandu activities carried out by cadres based on the implementation of the Vtable system, it did not implement properly. The implementation is limited to table II (weighing) and table III (recording in KMS). The counseling that should be provided by cadres is, in fact, in the field most cadres are still very dependent on health workers. Cadres only weigh children under five and if there is a scale that is less or more, cadres do not provide health education to mothers who bring a toddler. From the results of interviews conducted by researchers with 5 cadres, 2 cadres said that besides being active in implementing the posyandu, the cadres also do house visits to invite mothers with toddlers to come to the posyandu and take time to discuss with mothers who the house is close to each other. Meanwhile, 3 cadres said that their activities were limited to implementing posyandu. Based on the monthly reports of Puskesmas Patillanggio, in March 2020 the total of all toddlers was 120 people, with 1 person with malnutrition status, 23 people deficient nutrition, 1 person over nutrition, and 95 good nutrition. Meanwhile, in the Sukamakmur village in April 2020 the total of all toddlers was 167 people, with a malnutrition status of 15 people, over-nutrition 2 people, and good nutrition 143 people. The background above encourages researchers to research “The Role of Posyandu Cadres in Improving the Nutritional Status of Toddlers in Suka Makmur Village, Patilanggio District. RESEARCH METHODS This type of research is quantitative using a cross-sectional approach with a point time approach design. This research was conducted from June 2020 to August 2020. The location of this research was in Suka Makmur Village, Patillanggio District. The population in this research was mothers who have children aged 1 to 5 years in Suka Makmur village, Patilanggio district, with a total of 167 mothers of children under five. The sampling of this research using the Slovin formula, where the results obtained that the number of samples of 30 mothers who have toddlers 1 - 5 years old adjusted to the number of samples (cadres). Samples were taken by random sampling. The research analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis, where the bivariate analysis used the chi-square statistical test. RESEARCH RESULTS Univariate Analysis Age distribution of respondents Table 1. Distribusi umur responden Mother's age N % 20 - 25 Years 11 36,7 26 – 30 Years 7 23,3 31 – 35 Years 6 20,0 > 36 Years 6 20,0 Jumlah 30 100,0 Source: Processed data (2020) Based on table 1 above, it can be seen that it shows that from 30 respondents (100%), the most respondents were aged 20-25 years as much as 11 people (36.7%). Distribution of respondents' education Table. 2 Distribution of respondents' education Education N % SD SMP SMA Diploma/Sarjana 19 6 3 2 63,3 20,0 10,0 6,7 Total 30 100,0 Source: Processed data (2020) Based on table 2 above, it can be seen that from the 30 respondents (100%), most of them had primary school education as much as 19 respondents (63.3%). Distribution of respondents' work Table 3. Distribution of respondents' work Pekerjaan N % Housewife Entrepreneur PNS 28 1 1 93,3 3,3 3,3 Total 30 100,0 Source: Processed data (2020) Based on table 3 above, it can be seen that from the 30 respondents (100%) the most respondents have IRT jobs totaling 28 people (93.3%). Child sex distribution Table 4. Child sex distribution Jenis kelamin N % Man Woman 11 19 36,7 63,3 Total 30 100,0 Source: Processed data (2020) Based on table 4 above, it can be seen that from the 30 respondents (100%), most respondents were female, as much as 19 people (63.3%). Age distribution of children under five Table 5. Age distribution of children under five Toddler’e Age N % 12 – 18 Month 19 – 26 Month 27 – 43 Month 51 – 60 Month 8 7 10 5 26,6 23,3 33,5 16,6 Total 30 100,0 Source: Processed data (2020) Based on table 5 above, it can be seen that from the 30 respondents (100%), most respondents were aged 27 - 43 months, totaling 10 people (33.5%). Distribution of cadre roles Table 6. Distribution of cadre roles Cadres’ Role N % Poor Good 5 25 16,7 83,3 Total 30 100,0 Source: Processed data (2020) Based on table 6 above, it can be seen that from the 30 respondents (100%), most respondents had a good role as many as 25 people (83.3%). Distribution of Nutritional Status Table 7. Distribution of Nutritional Status Nutrition Status N % Good Poor Fat 26 3 1 86,7 10,0 3,3 Total 30 100,0 Source: Processed data (2020) Based on table 7 above, it can be seen that from the 30 respondents (100%), most respondents with good nutritional status were 26 respondents (86.7%). Bivariate Analysis Table 8. The relationship between cadres of posyandu cadres and nutritional status of toddler Cadres’ Roler Nutrition Status Total Sig. Good Poor Fat Poor Good 3 (10,0%) 23 (76,7%) 1 (3,3%) 2 (6,7%) 1 (3,3%) 0 (0%) 5 (16,7%) 25 (83,3%) p= 0,048 Total 26 (86,7%) 3 (10,0%) 1 (3,3%) 30 (100,0%) Source: Processed data (2020) The results of statistical analysis using the chi-square test at the level of significance á = 0.05 or the confidence interval p <0.05. The results of statistical tests with the Fisher's Exact Test correction obtained p value = 0.048 <á (0.05), thus it can be said that there is a relationship between the role of Posyandu cadres in improving the nutritional status of toddlers in Suka Makmur Village, Patilanggio District. DISCUSSION The Role of Cadre Based on the results of this research, according to the data obtained, it shows that most of the roles of cadres in Suka Makmur Village have a good role, as much as 25 people (83.3%). The results of this research are in line with research conducted by Onthonhie in Sangihe, whose research results found that most of the cadres (86.9%) had carried out their duties well as cadres in carrying out posyandu activities both as motivators, administrators, and educators [10]. The role of cadres is very important because cadres are responsible for implementing the posyandu program. If the cadres are not active, the implementation of posyandu will also not run smoothly and as a result, the nutritional status of infants and toddlers (under five years old) cannot be detected early clearly [11]. The role of cadres as a motivator can improve the quality of Posyandu, especially in handling health problems. Cadres play a role in implementing posyandu activities and mobilizing maternal activity in posyandu activities. Cadres as implementers at posyandu are tasked with filling in the KMS for toddlers. The completeness and correctness of filling in KMS are very important as information on the status of toddler growth and development. If the role of cadres is lacking, monitoring of toddler growth and development will increase [12]. The role of cadres as educators in providing maximum understanding to mothers of toddlers is very much needed for the progress of children's development and nutritional status. The role of cadres as educators, among others, can explain the KMS data for each toddler or the condition of the child based on the weight gain data depicted in the KMS graph, hold group discussion activities with mothers whose houses are close together, and home visit activities [12]. Nutritional status of children under five Based on the results of this research, according to the data obtained, it shows that most of the nutritional status of a toddler in Suka Makmur Village has a good nutritional status of as many as 26 people (86.7%). The factors that influence the nutritional status of a toddler in Suka Makmur village are in terms of good health services and the role of cadres in increasing education of food consumption for toddlers. The results of this research are in line with the research conducted by Onthonie, most of the results (85.2%) had a good nutritional status [10]. The problem of poor nutrition is caused by various causes in children, namely the result of the consumption of bad food so that the energy entering and leaving is not balanced. The body needs good food choices so that nutritional needs are met and the body functions properly [13]. Lack of knowledge of mothers about nutrition results in low spending, food and quality budgets, as well as less food diversity, besides the ability of mothers to apply information about nutrition in their daily life [14]. Nutrition activities in posyandu are one of the main activities and are generally a priority in the implementation of Posyandu activities and are carried out by cadres [15]. The relationship between the role of cadres on the nutritional status of toddler The results of this research indicate that there is a relationship between the role of posyandu cadres in improving the nutritional status of a toddler. This research is in line with the research conducted by Purwanti et al, which states that there is a relationship between the role of cadres and the nutritional status of children under five [16]. Fitriah's research also states that there is a relationship between the role of cadres and the nutritional status of children under five [17]. The duties of cadres in activities at the posyandu are to conduct early detection of abnormalities in under-fives weight, providing additional food, and how to prevent diarrhea in a toddler. Posyandu cadres are health providers that are close to the targeted posyandu activities. The frequency of meeting with cadres is more frequent than other health workers. Therefore, cadres must be active in various activities, not only in implementation but also in management matters such as planning activities, recording, and reporting of cadre meetings [15]. The role of cadres can help the community in reducing the number of malnutrition, besides, role cadres also help in reducing maternal and toddler mortality rates, by utilizing the expertise and other supporting facilities related to improving the nutritional status of a toddler, so it can be concluded that the role of cadres affects the nutritional status of a toddler, If the role of cadres is higher, the rate of reduction of malnutrition among toddler also high [16]. Based on the results of the research above, the researchers assumed that the role of cadres would be better in carrying out their roles in posyandu activities and helping health workers because cadres had the duties and responsibilities to help improve the nutritional health of toddler. Thereby, the role of a good cadre can affect the nutritional status of children where the better the role of the cadres, the higher rate of good nutrition in toddler and can improve the quality of posyandu, especially in handling toddler health problems so that malnutrition can be resolved quickly through prevention and rapid handling. Besides, the role of good cadres tends to motivate mothers of toddlers to always pay attention to things that can improve the nutrition of their children and motivate mothers to routinely bring toddlers to posyandu to monitor their health. In this research using anthropometric indicators of weight/height because height can provide an overview of the growth function seen from the thin and short stature and height is also very good for seeing past nutritional conditions, especially those related to low birth weight and underweight conditions and nutrition in toddlerhood. Height is expressed in the form of Index TB / U (height for age), or also index weight/height (weight for height) is rarely done because changes in height are slow and usually only done once a year. CONCLUSION The role of cadres in Suka Makmur Village, Patilanggio District is mostly cadres who have a good role. The nutritional status of toddlers in Suka Makmur Village, Patilanggio District has increased with good nutritional status. There is a significant relationship between the role of Posyandu cadres in efforts to improve nutritional status, the better the role of cadres, the better the reduction in malnutrition in a toddler in Suka Makmur village, Patilanggio district. Therefore, it is hoped that cadres will further improve their knowledge and skills by attending regular meetings at every meeting held by the Puskesmas, to further improve themselves in participating actively in posyandu programs. REFERENCES [1] Kemenkes RI. 2012 Pusat Promosi Kesehatan Tahun 2012 tentang Buku Saku Posyandu. [2] Adisasmito W, 2016. Sistem Kesehatan. [3] Kemenkes RI. 2020. Rencana Strategis Kementerian Kesehatan Tahun 2020 - 2024. Jakarta [4] Kemenkes RI. 2013. Laporan Akuntabilitas Kinerja Kementerian Kesehatan. Jakarta. [5] Depkes RI. 2012. Buku Paket Pelatihan Kader Kesehatan. Jakarta. [6] World Health Organization. The Global Burden Of Disease : Geneva: WHO Library. [7] Syafei, A. 2010. Faktor – Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Partisipasi Kader Dalam Kegiatan Gizi Posyandu Di Kelurahan Rengas Kecamatan Ciputat Timur Kota Tangerang Selatan. Jakarta: Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah [8] Kemenkes RI. 2018. Data dan Informasi Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2017. Jakarta [9] Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Gorontalo. 2017. Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Gorontalo. [10] Ontonhie. 2014. Hubungan Peran Serta Kader Posyandu dengan Status Gizi Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Manganitu Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe. E-Journal Keperawatan. Program Studi Ilmu keperawatan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Samratulangi. [11] Isaura, V. 2011. Faktor – Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kinerja Kader Posyandu Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tarusan Kecamatan Koto XI Tarusan Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Padang: Universitas Andalas [12] Anondo. 2007. Kualitas Kader Rendah, Peran Posyandu Melemah [13] Almatsier. 2009. Prinsip Dasar Ilumu Gizi. Jakarta. [14] Ernawati A., 2006. Hubungan Faktor Sosial Ekonomi, Higiene Sanitasi Lingkungan, Tingkat Konsumsi dan Infeksi dengan Status Gizi Anak Usia 2-5 tahun di Kabupaten Semarang Tahun 2003. Tesis. Universitas Diponegoro. [15] Wahyutomo, A. H. 2010. Hubungan Karakteristik Dan Peran Kader Posyandu Dengan Pemantauan Tumbuh Kembang Balita Di Puskesmas Kalitidu-Bojonegoro. Surakarta: Universitas Sebelas Maret [16] Purwanti, D., Pajeriaty., & Rasyid, A. 2014. Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Status Gizi Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Madello Kabupaten Barru. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Diagnosis Volume 5 Nomor 1 [17] Fitriah, R. 2012. Faktor – Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Peningkatan Gizi Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Dasan Cermen Kecamatan Sandubaya. Mataram: Politeknik Kesehatan.
Eggs are one of the animal products that come from poultry and have been known as a source of high quality protein food. From the many eggs we know, one of the eggs that comes from poultry is quail eggs. Quail eggs have complete nutritional content ranging from protein, fat, vitamins and minerals. Even so, quail eggs are also animal food that is easily decreased in quality due to bacterial contamination, contamination of quail eggs by bacteria can affect the quality of the contents of the eggs, bacteria that cause egg contamination, one of which is Escherichia coli. This study aims to determine the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria in quail eggs that are sold in the central market of Gorontalo city. The research method used is descriptive research type with a quantitative research approach, cross sectional research design, a sampling place for the central market of Gorontalo City and a place for researching samples of the Microbiology Laboratory of Gorontalo State University, the number of samples used was 30 samples of quail eggs. Quail eggs were positive for Escherichia coli bacteria with a percentage of 6.7%, and negative egg yields from Escherichia coli bacteria were 28 or 93.3%. It can be concluded that from 30 samples of quail eggs there were 2 quail eggs that were positive for Escherichia coli bacteria, the bacteria contamination factor in eggs was influenced by external factors. Environmental sanitation conditions were not clean, egg storage temperature, egg storage time,
Abstract Examination of blood glucose levels using the POCT method using capillary blood helps diabetes mellitus patients monitor glucose levels. But often the insufficient stabbing causes the blood to come out a little so that the staff performs massage which can affect blood glucose levels. This study aims to determine the differences in the results of examination of blood glucose levels of patients with diabetes mellitus on fingers that are not massaged and massaged at Telaga Biru Public Health Center, Gorontalo District. This research is an experimental study with a Pre Experiment Design type One group Prettest-Postest Design with a total of 21 samples taken capillary blood to check blood glucose levels on the fingers that are not massaged and massaged. The results obtained were analyzed using the Faired Sample t-Test. The results showed that the mean blood glucose level on the fingers that was not massaged was 321 mg/dL, while the mean blood glucose level on the fingers that was massaged was 299 mg/dL. The results of the Faired Sample t-Test showed a significant value of 0.000 <0.05. There was a significant difference in the results of examining blood glucose levels on fingers that were not massaged and massaged by diabetes mellitus patients at Telaga Biru Health Center, Gorontalo District. Laboratory personnel are expected to perform deep punctures on the fingers so that the blood that comes out is enough for the POCT method of blood glucose testing.
The current study aims to determinate the potential of Arbuscular mycorrhizae in supporting the mangrove growth, the role of Arbuscular mycorrhizae on the improvement of mangrove growth in terms of its colonization level with the mangrove roots, the mangrove ability of Arbuscular mycorrhizae in the way of supporting the rehabilitation of mangroves, and giving the recommendation to the local government related to the potential of mycorrhizal fungi in rehabilitating the degraded magrove areas living in the coastal areas of Kwandang, North Gorontalo regency. Moreover, this study used a descriptive qualitative analysis method using ex-post-facto approach. To collect the data, it used a pruposive sampling on rhizosfer and mangrove roots in order to observe the spore density, the diversity and the mycorrhizal colonization. The results of this study show that the ability of Arbuscular mycorrhizae in supporting the mangrove growth is categorized in the high level. It can be seen from the spora density. On average in research location, the number of the spores that were successfully isolated is 42 spores/ 100 grams of soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizae has a role in the way of increasing the mangrove growth. This can be seen from the high percentage of colonization with mangrove roots whereas 57,87%.
ABSTRACT Meatball is one of Indonesia's typical meat-based products. It is usually served at a high temperature, moreover, it contains high nutrient due to the high animal nutrient that is necessary for human growth. The current study aims to determine the test of bacterial contamination on meatball that are sold in the traditional market of Marisa, district of Pohuwato. Five meatball samples were taken from five different vendors, and the sample testing was done in the laboratory of the faculty of science, technology, and health on July 13th, 2020. The test included the total plate count microbial pathogens contamination and E. coli bacteria in the meatballs. The data were analyzed descriptively and presented in a tabular to illustrate the total plate count of pathogen contamination and E. coli bacteria in the meatballs. According to SNI 01-3818-1995, the maximum total plate count (ALT) of colonies/g is 0.1x102, and for the E. coli bacteria, the AMP/g is <3.0. As the results. It shows that the total microbes on the meatballs in the traditional markets of Marisa is ranged between 4.5x104 colonies/g to 2.3x105 colonies/g. It also shows that the meatballs still meet the requirement for the counts of microbial colonies, while the most probable number (AMP) of coliform bacteria is still high
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Matoa (Pometiapin-nata) endophytic bacteria towards bacteria nosocomial infection namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The subjects in the study were Matoa plant endophytic bacterial isolates on the stem (tw-igs). The positive control used is meropenem & negative control of aquades. This type of research uses quasi-experiments with a research design us-ing the One-Group Time-Series Design. The result of the study shows that there are 2 endophytic bacterial iso-lates in Matoa plants namely BEM 1 and BEM 2. Both endophytic bacterial isolates can kill and inhibits bacterial nosocomial infections Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epider-midis with inhibition zones in the range of 16mm-22mm with a strong category very strong that it has the po-tential to be used as an antibacterial
