Analysis of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) of Pharmaceutical Workers

Pharmaceutical work activities have a high repetition level with a work attitude of standing for 8 hours potentially causing musculoskeletal complaints, which can occur despite the normal work posture. This study aims to determine musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and the level of MSDs based on what categories are felt, the level of complaints, the level of frequency, and the severity. The research design using the questionnaire Nordic Body Map. The study was conducted in 17 pharmacies on 54 pharmaceutical workers. The results obtained by MSDs complaints based on what categories of pain statements obtained (43.2%), cramps (16.13%), aches (53.5%). The category of complaint level obtained statement rather sick (55.9%), sick (33.5%). The category of frequency level obtained by the statement that occurs 1 to 2 times per week (56.5%), and every day (10.6%). And the severity category states that the perceived complaint is still working (49.06%) and uncomfortable (47.1%). Index Terms— Muscle Fatigue, MSDs, Nordic Body Map, Pharmacist Assistant

The Correlation Between Self-Care and Family Support With The Quality of Life of Type II Diabetic Mellitus Patient in Public Health Center I of West Denpasar

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease with characteristics of hyperglycemia. Type 2 DM that is not handled properly will result in complications that affect the quality of life. Type 2 DM patients need to do self-care as one of the DM treatment. In addition to self-care, the quality of life of DM patients is also related to family support. This study aims to determine the relationship between variables of self-care and family support with the quality of life of patients with type 2 DM. The study was conducted on 26 March-23 April 2019. This study was a quantitative study with a cross sectional approach. The number of the respondents were 59 people, obtained through consecutive sampling technique. Self-care was measured using a summary of diabetes self-care activity (SDSCA) questionnaire, family support was measured using the diabetes family behavior checklist II (DFBC II) questionnaire, and quality of life was measured using the diabetes quality of life (DQOL) questionnaire. The data analysis was done using Pearson Product Moment test. The results showed that there was a relation between self-care and quality of life (p = 0.000, r = 0.548) and there was a relation between family support and quality of life (p = 0.005, r = 0.365). Health workers are expected to develop health education which is not only needed for type 2 DM patients but also their families in order to realize optimal quality of life. Index Terms— family support, quality of life, self-care, type 2 DM

An Ergonomic Study of The Effect of Scaling Procedure on The Musculoskeletals Problems, Workloads, and Eye Strain Among Dental Students

Dental treatments generally need length of time period. The dental care consist of several steps and these steps should be performed in the cramped space which is patient’s mouth (oral cavity). Thus, dentists have potential on suffering for musculoskeletal injuries which may affect their quality of work. This is a descriptive study (observation and interviews) with cross-sectional approach. This study conducted observation on several ergonomic aspects include task, organizational, and environment; following with interviews on how were dental students performing scaling procedures The mean time of dental students in performing scaling was 28,38 ± 1,03 minutes, this period of time also cover all the time needed for several adjusting working positions taken by dental students on purpose to cover scaling on all of the teeth surfaces and regions. Dentists have risk for potential injuries resulted from non-ergonomic working attitude and static position. This indicated from increasing of Nordic Body Map scores after performing scaling with mean scores 13,87 ± 1,56, increasing eyes train scores up to 2,2 ± 0,27, and increasing work load which was calculated from hearth rate 23,45 ± 2,70 beats/menit. This study also assesses organizational and working environment which may affect dental students on performing scaling. The total ergonomic approach may be employed to solve the identified problems from ergonomic assessment on the scaling procedures performed by dental students at Dentistry Udayana University. Thus, it is expected that the approach can be solve the problems complained by dental students while performing scaling procedure, as well as assistant operators, patients, and others related parties without creating unnecessary side effects causing by the purposed adjustment. Index Terms— scaling, ergonomic study, dentist

Redesign of Computer-Based Test (CBT) With Total Ergonomic Approach to Reduces an Academic Stress and Improve The CBT Participants Score

Computer-based Test (CBT) is a form of assessment method using a set of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). CBT has been applied by many educational institutions to evaluate their student’s competencies, one of those institutions is medical school. The standard of the CBT examination in medical school is arranged according to the Indonesia Medical Licensing Examination which listed that the examination must be contained of 200 MCQs in 200 minutes without a break session. This standard causes academic stress on the CBT participants and able to affect the CBT score. Aims: demonstrated the total ergonomic approach CBT redesign in reducing academic stress and improving participant’s CBT score compare with the Indonesia Medical Licensing Examination CBT design. Method: this was an experimental study employed a two-period cross-over design. The study variable was the academic stress measured by the salivary cortisol level and participant’s CBT score. Result: the salivary cortisol level in the middle of CBT was decrease significantly (p<0.05) as much as 9.88 (38.98%) from the initial salivary cortisol level of 25.34 ng/mL on the Indonesia Medical Licensing Examination CBT design becoming 15.46 ng/mL on the total ergonomic approach CBT redesign. The CBT score also increase significantly as much as 5.23 points (p<0.05) or increasing 16.20% from the 32.28 points on the Indonesia Medical Licensing Examination CBT design which become 37.51 points on the total ergonomic approach CBT redesign. Conclusion: the total ergonomic approach CBT redesign was able to reduce 38.98% of the academic stress and improving 16.20% participant’s CBT score compare with the Indonesia Medical Licensing Examination CBT design. Index Terms— ergonomic, Computer-based Test (CBT), academic stress

Parents Experience in Giving Sex Education to Adolescents in North Kuta

Sexual education is an important think that parents can do to prevent free sex and it effects in adolescent. It is possible because family is the first place of education, but it appears to be inadequately practiced in Indonesia. This study aims to determine parent experience to provide sexual education in adolescents. We used a phenomenology interpretative approach in this study. We collected the data through in-depth interviews with ten parents. We found five themes: (1) good perception about sexual education, (2) sexual education delivered assisted by social media, (3) the topic is free sex, (4) difficult to start because of taboo and shame, (5) need support from health worker. The study reveals that sexual education is limited and need to be increased. It is essential that Indonesian parents become better informed and skilled, so that they may be involved in the sexual education of adolescent start from their family. Index Terms— sexual education, adolescent, parents experience

The Effect of William Flexion Exercise on Low Back Pain in Traditional Weaving Workers in The Village of Sidemen Karangasem

Low back pain (LBP) is a subjective sensation characterized by a major symptom of pain in the lower spine region. One of the basic causes is the stress inflicted on the inter-vertebral disk due to poor posture, so that the lumbar spine of the lumbar lordosis has too much strain on the posterior element. These complaints usually occur in workers due to incorrect posture or work position that does not meet the ergonomic principles of one of the traditional weavingworker. Exercise has been widely developed to cope with LBP such as stretching and muscle strengthening. William's flexion exercise (WFE) is an exercise aimed at stretching the posterior muscles and strengthening the abdominal muscles so that the tendon and spongy muscles are expected to relax. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of WFE on LBP on traditional weaving workers. This study is a pre-experimental study (One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design). The sample consists of 28 respondents selected by using Purposive Sampling technique. Data collected by using questionnaires for respondent characteristics and Numeric Rating Scale for measuring pain scale before and after intervention. The result of the research before intervention was 75% of respondents had moderate pain, while after intervention 85.7% of respondents had mild pain. Based on the Wilcoxon test results obtained p = 0.000 which means there is the influence of WFE on LBP on traditional weavingworker. Based on the above research, it is suggested to health workers teach WFE in order to reduce LBP on traditional weavingworkers. Index Terms— Low back pain,Traditional weaving worker, William’s flexion exercise

The Effect of Creative Arts Therapy on Stress Level and Blood Pressure of The Elderly With Hypertension

The elderly are vulnerable to hypertension due to the accumulation of unhealthy lifestyles for a long time and can be exacerbated by the stress due to the inability to adapt to the decline in physical conditions, changes in roles and social relations, economic ability, degenerative diseases and treatment in the long term. Risk factors for hypertension can caused by stress. Stress management can be done with a combination of creative arts therapy that is singing, drawing, and storytelling which has a relaxing effect. This study aims to determine the effect of creative arts therapy on stress levels and blood pressure of the elderly with hypertension in Kesiman Kertalangu Village, East Denpasar City, Bali, Indonesia. This research was a quasy experiment with pre-test and post-test design. Samples used were 63 elderly with hypertension who experience mild and moderate stress using simple random sampling technique divided into three groups of treatment with the amount 21 elderly of each groups. Stres level of of hypertension were evaluated using The Stress Assessment Questionnaire and blood pressure measurement using manometer. The main results of this study indicated that creative art therapy can reduce stress of the elderly significantly with p value 0.000<0.05. An average of blood pressure in creative art therapy has decreased. Wilcoxon test results showed the p value of blood pressure (sistole;diastole) for singing (0.002;0.014), storytelling (0.009;0.008) and drawing (0.016;0.011) <0.05 which means that there is an effect of those therapy on elderly blood pressure. The results of the Ancova analysis showed no difference in blood pressure results after each intervention was given to the elderly (p value 0.244>0.05 for systole dan p value 0.738>0.05 for diastole). That means that each intervention has a similar effect on reducing blood pressure. Creative arts therapy provides a relaxing effect while performing art activities so that feeling calms down and stimulates the healing process. Further research with a larger population needs to be done to increase public awareness of the benefits of creative art therapy to reduce stress and blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension. Index Terms— : elderly, creative arts therapy, singing, drawing, story telling, hypertension

Home Based Enterprises and Parking on The Main Corporate Vocational School Denpasar

The era of globalization as it is today is an era with technological advances that make it easier to obtain and obtain information. Easy internet access affects unlimited human desires. Many of these human desires form an increased lifestyle, to fulfill these desires many are looking for ways to earn additional income outside of their main job. One way out for people with middle to lower income is to create a business unit in their home or occupancy which is also called Home Based Enterprises or home-based businesses. This study seeks to analyze the characteristics of the hbes in the main corridor of Penatih Village, East Denpasar, which is a residential area. Changes in space that occur in the house, especially the telajak section into a business unit, cause a change in the behavior of the residents of the house and also the community of road users. This behavior has a significant impact on the development of the corridor in addition to decreasing the quality of the settlements to become less comfortable, the appearance of the building mismatch, traffic jams that make it unsafe to drive through the corridor due to economic activities carried out by residents and buyers, so parking space is needed. To accommodate vehicles that are parked to visit Hbes the goal is to create a beautiful, comfortable and safe environment. Index Terms— home based enterprises, behavior setting, parking

Community Preferences Determine Shape and Appearance of Residential Buildings in Compliance with Perwali No 25 Year 2010 in Denpasar Selatan

This study aims to determine the level of community compliance in South Denpasar and differences in people's preferences in complying with Mayor Regulation No. 25/2010. The research method used in this research is descriptive quantitative method with a survey approach. The number of respondents in the study were 100 people who were selected using multy stage sampling. The analysis technique used is the Frequency Distribution Analysis Technique (New Rank) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). While the validity test was carried out by using the Product Moment Correlation Technique and the reliability test with Cronbach's Alpha. Public preferences in complying with Mayor Regulation No. 25/2010 vary widely, because each community group has different desires with their respective priority values for research aspects, as well as the level of compliance obtained from field findings. Communities with higher income have a higher level of compliance than others, but do not have a good scale of attitude towards compliance with applicable regulations, and vice versa. Index Terms— preference, compliance, regulation.

Changes Land Use in Land Consolidation Area in Seminyak, Kuta

Land Consolidation (LC), is the government's solution in land acquisition for development. In addition, LC aims to improve the quality of the environment by rearranging plots of land to be more organized and equipped with environmental infrastructure, as well as land tenure in accordance with land use plans. The location of the land consolidation area in Seminyak Village which is close to the center of government, economy and tourism has implications for land use in the area. The phenomenon of land use that occurs in this region tends to ignore the spatial planning that has been determined by the government. If this condition is left unchecked, there will be more violations of land use that are not in accordance with the spatial allocation, leading to spatial conflicts and clutter in regional spatial planning. This study aims to identify changes in land use in the area of land consolidation in the Seminyak Village and the dominant factors underlying the changes in land use. Qualitative methods are used to identify changes in land use, and these dominant factors. Primary data obtained from observations, direct documentation, and the results of interviews with informants determined by purposive sampling. The results showed that there was a mismatch of land use with the plan for spatial planning in the area designated for settlement and green open space. The dominant factors underlying the changes in land use are law enforcement, then environmental factors, economic factors, and socio-cultural factors. The results of this study can be input for the government in formulating policies relating to planning and controlling the use of space in order to create safe, comfortable and sustainable use of space. Index Terms— land consolidation, land use, land use change