Family Resilience Model: The Influence of Cultural Identity, Coping, Family Strain, Socioeconomic Status, and Community Support on Family Resilience among the Batak Toba Ethnic Group

A resilient family is capable of survival, overcoming difficult challenges, and growing stronger. Cultural identity is among many factors that play a role in forming family resilience because the understanding and values of family resilience must be built in accordance with local culture. This study aims to analyze the factors that build family resilience in Indonesian families, especially those from the Batak Toba. It uses the Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire to measure family resilience (α = 0.879), the Responses to Stress Questionnaire to measure coping (α =0.755), and the Family Strains Index to measure strain (α =0.763). Another measurement tool is the Batak Toba Adat Questionnaire, which is used to measure cultural identity (α = 0.677), community support, and socioeconomic status (SES). The data is analyzed using linear structural relations through structural equation modeling (SEM). The study participants are individuals who use Batak Toba surnames (N = 295) of whom 51.2% are female and 48.4% are male, with an age range of 30 to 65 years. The percentage of subjects from big families is 50.85%. Results show that cultural identity, coping, family strain, community support, and SES contribute together to build family resilience. The final generated model shows community support as a mediator of cultural identity and SES in the formation of family resilience, which is directly influenced by family strain and coping.

Cyberbullying Victimization as a Predictor of Depressive Symptoms among Selected Adolescents Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

Victimization via cyberbullying has become a significant mental health concern particularly among adolescents at risk of depression and other mental health issues. As the COVID-19 outbreak forced everyone to stay at home and participate in their educational, recreational, and entertainment activities online, this study investigated the relation between cyberbullying victimization and depressive symptoms among 612 college students in Tamilnadu, India. We hypothesized that experiences of cyberbullying victimization would predict depressive symptoms among the participants. Adolescents aged 18 to 19 from colleges in Tamilnadu completed an online survey composed of the Cybervictimization Questionnaire for Adolescents (CYVIC) and the Beck’s Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Results showed a significant positive relation between cyberbullying victimization and depression (r = 0.80, p < .001). Regression analysis revealed that cyberbullying victimization is a statistically significant predictor of depressive symptoms (r2 = 0.65). Likewise, impersonation (r = 0.70), written–verbal cyber victimization (r = 0.73), visual teasing/happy slapping (r = 0.69), and online exclusion (r = 0.67) contributed to the significant positive association between the variables. These findings can serve as a foundation for intervention programs to alleviate depressive symptoms by addressing cyberbullying experiences and conducting further research on the negative effects of cyberbullying victimization among adolescents.

Parental Decisions on Sharing Their Children's Private Information on Social Media among Families in Jakarta Area

The practice of publishing photos and videos containing children’s private information on social media—also known as sharenting—is popular among parents in Jakarta. Embarking from the debate about privacy paradox in which it is believed that privacy concern does not predict someone’s behaviors in managing his/her private information online, this research aims to reveal the considerations underlying parental decisions when sharing their children’s private information through social media and their perceived risk toward their children’s online safety. Using a qualitative approach, the researcher conducted interviews with 20 parents in Jakarta with at least one child younger the 13 years. The result suggests that the perceived benefit of sharenting exceeds its perceived risks. The study also found four reasons why parents exercise sharenting: to document their children’s development, to gain social support from their followers on social media, and to overcome loneliness as new parents and the low self-efficacy of parents in protecting children’s privacy on the internet. Unsurprisingly sharenting through social media has become a growing trend among parents. This finding thus will be useful as a groundwork to develop an intervention program regarding relevant sharenting in the context of Jakarta, Indonesia.

Psychological Birth Order and Achievement Goal Orientation of High School Students engaged in Shadow Education

The focus of the current study is to examine the nature of the relationship of goal orientation with psychological birth order. Likewise, it also looked into the ability of psychological birth order to influence the endorsement of achievement goals (mastery-approach and avoidance; performance- approach and avoidance). A total of 220 high school students engaged in shadow education answered the White-Campbell Psychological Birth Order Inventory (PBOI) and the Achievement Goal Questionnaire (AGQ). Based on the regression analysis performed, only the pairing of psychological birth order and performance-approach is significant while those of psychological birth order, mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, and performance-avoidance are not significant. Further analysis revealed that those who are psychologically firstborns tend to endorse the mastery-approach goal orientation while those who are psychologically youngest or lastborn endorses mastery-avoidance.

Age-based Analysis of the Perceptions of Aging and Successful Aging in Malaysia

Given that ageism could have detrimental effects on the aging society, knowing how people of different age groups perceive aging and successful aging is important. This study collected data from 648 respondents aged between 18 and 80 years old for an age-based analysis of the perceptions toward aging and successful aging. The findings revealed that generally, being healthy, happy, and physically active are considered important aspects of successful aging. Regardless of age, health is perceived as the most fundamental part of life. Both the psychosocial and health factors are critical aspects of successful aging. Hence, it is critical to look into the provision of better healthcare and public facilities for older adults, to find ways to reduce negative attitudes toward older people and to assist older adults to live successfully at old age.

Mediating Role of Interpersonal Relationships in the Effect of Emotional Competence on Prosocial Behavior among Adolescents in Malaysia

Prosocial behavior has been regarded as a necessity for a society to function well. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between emotional competence, interpersonal relationship, and prosocial behavior among 496 school-going adolescents in Malaysia. The subjects were selected using Multistage Cluster Sampling method. Profile of Emotional Competence, Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment Scale, and Strength and Difficulties Questionnaires were used to measure emotional competence, interpersonal relationship with peers, and adolescents’ prosocial behavior respectively. The results showed significant positive relationships among emotional competence, interpersonal relationship with peers, and prosocial behavior. Further analysis revealed that adolescents who reported having higher emotional competence tend to have better interpersonal relationships with peers which in turn led to higher involvement in prosocial behavior. Emotional competence and interpersonal relationship with peers are thus established as two important factors to promote prosocial behavior among adolescents.

Work-Life Programs and Employment Continuity in a Single Organization: Understanding from Whole-Life Approach to Career Development

This study examines the effect of work-life programs on employment continuity with a mediating role of work-family enrichment in a single organization using a work-family enrichment model. Consistent with the leader–member exchange theory, this study also examines the moderating role of family-supportive supervisor behavior between work-life programs and work-family enrichment. Data was collected from 218 employees working in the financial sector of Pakistan. Using partial least square structural equation modeling, the study findings suggest that work-life programs have no direct effect on employment continuity; however, the results show an indirect effect of work-life programs on employment continuity through the mediating role of work-family enrichment. Although family-supportive supervisor behavior has a significant impact on work-family enrichment, the findings show that it does not moderate the relationship between work-life programs and work-family enrichment. This study indicates to organizations the various work and nonwork factors that an employee considers while making career decisions, thus encouraging organizations to engage in whole-life approach to career development to retain valuable employees.

Moderated-Mediation Roles: Relationship between Internet Addiction, Neuroticism, Perceived Stress, and Adaptive Coping Style among Indonesian Migrant Workers in Taiwan

This study examined the relationship of neuroticism and internet addiction by investigating the mediating role of perceived stress and the moderating role of adaptive coping style among Indonesian migrant workers in Taiwan. The study was conducted with a cross-sectional design on 466 migrant Indonesian workers collected in Indonesian working places and the leisure activity places in Taipei and Taichung area in Taiwan by purposive sampling. Participants completed a survey, including measures of neuroticism, internet addiction, perceived stress, and adaptive coping style. The results showed that perceived stress mediated the association of neuroticism with internet addiction. Furthermore, adaptive coping style moderated the strength of the mediation between neuroticism and internet addiction via perceived stress, such that the mediated relationship weakened under the higher levels of adaptive coping style than under the lower levels of adaptive coping style. These results supported the hypothesized model. However, the model needs further examination in a large-scale longitudinal study.

Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy in Indonesia: A Scoping Review

Complete children immunization coverage in Indonesia declined from 59.2% in 2013 to 57.9% in 2016. Therefore, a study on understanding the vaccination barrier is necessary to improve future coverage. This scoping review aims to identify the determinants of vaccine hesitancy using the model of the World Health Organization-Strategic Advisory Group of Expert (WHO-SAGE) working group and to map them on the basis of region, target population, and vaccine. This research used publications from seven databases (Science Direct, Wiley, Scopus, SAGE, PubMed, Springer, and Taylor & Francis) from 2015 to 2020. A total of 10,212 publications were identified and filtered by employing the PRISMA method, thereby leaving 24 publications that were featured in this review. The majority of these publications is quantitative research conducted in Aceh and Yogyakarta and investigates children complete immunization, with adults and parents being the target population. The vaccine hesitancy determinants that are mentioned the most are social-economy, religion/culture/ gender, the role of health-care professionals, cost, knowledge, and awareness about vaccine, and attitude toward preventive health behavior. However, additional evidence on the influence of contextual-focus factors in various regions in Indonesia is crucial for a further understanding of the antecedent of the relationship between determinant factors and vaccination behavior.

Voluntary Behavior Modification during a Pandemic: Perceptions and Behaviors toward COVID-19 in Japan

This study examines social measures meant to stop the spread of COVID-19 in Japan, where COVID-19 control relies heavily on the voluntary compliance of citizens. We examine how the government's campaign for controlling COVID-19 is perceived by people, and how these measures influenced people’s attitudes and behavior. This paper specifically discusses how people’s perceptions regarding COVID-19 control measures temper orthodox understandings of behavior modification, such as perceived threats, and how it influences their attitude and behavior. Qualitative data collected from an online open-ended questionnaire was cross-sectionally analyzed. This study argues that high risk perception is actually just one of many triggers of behavior modification. That is, people responsive to risk perception had to match actual hazards to perceived real risk. Furthermore, popular sources of information on COVID-19, like news and social media, were found to substantially influence people’s behavior. In particular, whether campaigns were easy to understand, whether there were societal expectations for people to follow behavior modifications, and whether people thought measures were effective at preventing COVID-19 infection had a strong impact on the adoption of behavior modification. These findings thus fill in lacuna in existing scholarship concerning the rationality behind people’s decision to voluntary adopt behavior modification measures.