STATUS OF RESEARCH INTO MINE SAFETY CULTURE PHENOMENON

The formation of the noxological (safe) thinking of a person is a strategic task of the education system in the context of forming its responsibility for the safety and viability of the social community. The culture of safety as a social phenomenon is represented in ideology, religion, science (contains knowledge about the safety of man and society), art, mythology, sports. At the same time, in its personal embodiment and security of life, as a characteristic of a person with his activity, is not one and the same. Safe life is a life according to the laws of safety (prevention, minimization, overcoming, elimination of consequences of harmful and dangerous factors). And the culture of personal safety includes a number of additional components - this is the motivation and experience of self-improvement in the readiness for a safe life. In Ukraine, the concept of safety culture has been systematically implemented at domestic NPPs, aviation enterprises and supported by other industries, but its wider spread is hampered by the following reasons: unformed coherent state policy to form and implement a security culture strategy covering all areas of people’s activity ; lack of a supervisory coordination and methodological center that will facilitate the implementation of organizational approaches to improving the situation regarding the formation of a security culture; insufficient attention is paid to safety culture in education, education and education. Legislation stipulates that local state administrations, local self-government bodies in cooperation with central executive authorities, state bodies and national mine action bodies, within their powers, inform the population about possible threats from explosive objects and measures that should be taken to avoid them. life and health. Mine action operators involved with relevant mine action entities in the implementation of mine action activities, in cooperation with the national mine action body, may carry out such mine action activities, in particular: conducting training on counteracting the risks associated with explosive hazards objects; provision of information (propaganda) on non-use of explosive objects. That is, we can talk about the adoption of a conceptual legislative act, the nuances of which should be regulated by a number of by-laws to regulate specific areas, in particular the formation of a mine security culture.

ON THE ISSUE OF THE STRATEGY OF RISK MANAGEMENT OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

The scientific article explores the issues of managing the risks of emergencies in order to improve the readiness and efficiency of the functioning of a single state civil protection system.When calculating the risks, the basic quantitative criteria take into account the probability of emergencies and the magnitude of the damage from these situations.The article presents a method for calculating the joint probability of the action of several emergency factors, taking into account the effect of accumulation of damage.

METHODICAL ASPECTS OF BUSINESS GAME ON THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY ACTIONS IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

Successful implementation of civil protection measure depends on the level of training of executive bodies, staffs, services, command and staff of the civil protection governing bodies. Conducting exercises and trainings with a certain frequency allows to work out the whole set of events connected with the civil protection reality plans check, preparing the executive bodies for the intended purpose, organizing and conducting rescue and other emergency operations in difficult emergency situations within the short period of time. According to the experience obtained, one of the response emergency drawbacks is the lack of theoretical and practical training of both governing bodies and civil defense forces, which fulfill the tasks of preventing and eliminating the emergency response. It should be noted that one of the most important drawbacks during the process of performing these tasks is the executive bodies’ lack of competence. This, in turn, leads to the violation of the algorithm of safety actions that can result in injury of employees and sometimes even fatal outcome. Functional training organization on managerial decision making by SESU bodies in the event of threat or emergency are described in professional publications. The aim of the article is to study all possible approaches to SESU executive bodies’ training on actions in the event of threat or emergency. Threat and emergency require the sequential actions from the sequential management bodies which are aimed at restoration of vital activity of the emergency areas, prevention of people’s death, injuries, losses as well as damages reduction. We believe that providing such training activity as simulation exercise gives the opportunity to improve knowledge and develop skills of executive bodies’ managerial actions organization in the event of threat and emergencies. We are sure that such training activity as a simulation exercise gives the opportunity to improve knowledge and develop the skills of executive bodies’ managerial actions organization in the event of threat and emergencies. The exercises components can be used in pre-exercise training and conducting exercises in the area of civil protection.

STATE CONTROL OF SECURITY EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND

Civil security is a newly formed field of education in Ukraine that was preceded by civil defense and civil protection fields. Nowadays, the sphere of population protection from emergencies in Ukraine is one of the most non-identified spheres in its categorical apparatus. The mentioned above and the necessity to examine civil protection’s condition in order to develop a new strategy in the shortest period of time, including training specialists in this field, initiated the necessity to find the best practices. The process of rapprochement with the European Union countries demands research on the state control experience of the neighboring countries. The last research has stopped on the Polish experience. Studying the Republic of Poland’s state control experience in training specialists for the security sector was not the subject of the previous research. The aim of the article is to represent the current condition of the state control of education in the security sector of the Republic of Poland through the professional qualifications occurrence and educational standards development. It is initial to be acquainted with the peculiarities of the system, regulatory enactments that control its work in order to analyze the state of training specialists for a certain system. In Poland such specificity is recognized by the two management in emergency situations state systems such as Population Protection and Crisis Management. All legislation and regulations mentioned in the article are the bases of the state regulatory policy in the sphere of training specialists for the security sector. Moreover, the state regulation occurs through the process of professional qualifications recognition. As for organization of specialists training for the security sector, it should be mentioned that the basic regulatory act is the higher education standard. It is worth noting that in Poland, at the University level, the specialization ‘Security Management’ at the Faculty of Management and Marketing, ‘Security Administration’ at the Faculty of Administration and ‘European Security’ at the Faculty of European Studies has occasionally appeared since 2003. And only in 2006 the Minister of Science and Higher Education introduced the new directions of education development and later, the new standards which allowed State Higher Educational Establishments to train specialists at the faculties of the first and second education levels in such specialties as National Security, Internal Security, Safety (Security) Engineering and Emergency Medical Service (Care). In addition, since 2011 the new Higher Education National Qualification Framework has been introduced with the demand to the academic results (knowledge, skills, social competence) for general academic specialization and for practical specialization in the fields of education, and in regard to security, in the field of humane sciences. The context of these educational standards is analyzed in the article. Taking everything into consideration, we can arrive at the conclusion that similar to Ukraine there is an open status issue on discrepancy between the requirements of the job market and the number of specialists trained for the security sector. The arrangement of the number of educational establishments that train specialists in the sphere of civil protection and the estimation of the job market needs in their services would be rewarding for Ukraine to gain from Poland’s experience.

THE INDEX OF LOSSES OF EFFICIENCY OF REALIZATION OF ONE FUNCTION OF OPERATIVELY OFFICIAL (BATTLE) ACTIVITY WITHIN THE LIMITS OF ORGANIZATIONALLY-REGULAR STRUCTURE

At comparison of organizational structure for example frontier subdivisions of the rapid reacting there is a task of estimation of quality of these variants, idest in number to measure absolute or even relative value of efficiency them organizationally-regular structures at implementation of the tasks and functions fixed on subdivision. It is known that the organizationally-regular structure of frontier subdivision it basis of his possibility to execute a task on purpose. At compared different organizational structures that provide implementation of functions of operatively-official (battle) activity there is a task of estimation of their quality. One of indexes of quality there is an index of losses of efficiency of mechanism of realization of functions of guard and defense of state boundary. Without regard to plenty of publications on this subjects, obvious is a fact of that normative index of losses of efficiency of mechanism of realization of functions of guard and defense of state boundary, in the marked sphere of research not examined. The aim of the article are a ground and synthesis of index of losses of efficiency of realization of one function of operatively-official (battle) activity within the limits of organizationally-regular structure. For determination of principle of estimation of index of losses of efficiency in the article one function is considered only for one structure and it is considered that in the organizational structure of frontier subdivision (for example, frontier subdivision of the rapid reacting [ППШР]) implementation of complex of tasks (on a certain function [for example, function of fire protection of mark point of entrance-departure]) is provided for an achievement concretely of one quantitative result (parameter), for example in relation to the prognosis of amount of departures for the job a fire processing Together with that in the real variant when influence of external and internal factors is on the process of implementation of the functions (errors in a weekend given, insufficiency of resources and others like that) fixed on frontier subdivision, and also in connection with the methodical errors of planning of tasks in an organizational structure and in connection with a limit amount of the appraised variants of possible development of events (for the real terms and processes that have in the composition unforeseeable [to the case] sizes and factors) the got value of х of quantitative result that is examined can differ from ideal. For the estimation of losses of efficiency, that arise up at such inaccuracy in execution works from realization of the set function this size of losses of efficiency arc wise depends on the module of difference of ideal value and current and folds certain unit of efficiency on unit that answers величені at his insufficient value and the determined amount of units of efficiency, – at his surplus value. Thus, in the article the process of synthesis of expression of estimation of index of losses of efficiency is presented at implementation of works on a concrete function for an achievement concretely of one quantitative result (parameter). In further the got result it can be drawn on for the analysis of index of co-ordination of results of implementation of works on this function in the organizational structure of frontier subdivision that is examined.

ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES DISCIPLINE FOR MASTERS IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION LEGAL FRAMEWORK ANALYSIS

Responding to the modern challenges in the educational domain and an increase interest of the appropriate level of English among the public servants of SESU, the Language Training Department of the Institute of Public Administration in the Sphere of Civil Protection initiated the research work aimed to improve the training content and methodology of teaching English for Specific Purposes for level in the field of expertize 281 ‘Public Administration’ in April 2019. A significant contribution to the development of the theory, methodology and the certain methodological issue developing were made by a number of scientist such as O. Bykonia, V. Chernysh, Z. Korneeva, G. Dyvnych, R. Makarova, Ya. Mandryk, M. Dyachenko, T. Dudley-Evans, T. Hutchinson, A. Waters, P. Strevens and others. At the same time, some thorough research of the legal framework in order to reveal the potential premises to improve methodology of teaching English for Specific Purposes for level in the field of expertize 281 ‘Public Administration’ has not been done under the condition of modern reforms in the education domain. The legal framework in order to reveal the potential premises to improve methodology of teaching English for Specific Purposes for the second (Master) level in field of expertize 281 ‘Public Administration’ is under consideration. The article outlines the main peculiarities of the current legal framework related to the teaching English for Specific Purpose which is used as the premise for further analysis of the current curriculums used in the Language Training Department of the Institute of Public Administration in the Sphere of Civil Protection. The list of legal framework includes the Law on Education, The Law on Higher Education, The law on State Service, National ESP Curriculum of English. Clarifying the terminology used in the current regulatory environment in the sphere of professional activities of future public leaders and managers (individual learning curve, competence, learning outcomes, language proficiency, universal design in the sphere of education, curricula) has given the authors an opportunity to reveal the methodological value of the National ESP Curriculum of English and clarify the appropriate language level for Master’s degree students, evaluate the current curriculum used by the Language Training Department of the Institute of Public Administration in the Sphere of Civil Protection. Foreign language professional competence is a multi-component, hierarchically organized and multi-level phenomenon based on professional skills, knowledge and awareness. English for Specific Purposes as a discipline can be considered as the tool for developing special professional skills that create the premises to deal efficiently with challenges concerning public management, political-legislation, social-economic issues. The further analysis of the universal design in the educational sphere also let the authors clarify the teaching materials peculiarities; correlate the international current testing system with NATO STANAG 6001 used within SESU and explain the necessity to implement В1 (CEF) /СМР1+(NATO STANAG 6001) for Master’s degree students in in the field of expertize 281 ‘Public Administration’. The analysis of the current legal framework related to the second (Master) educational level in field of expertize 281 ‘Public Administration has revealed the fact that, on the one hand, the current curricula structural elements and content as the elements of educational design comply with the legislation norms, on the other hand, the issues of looking for improving the training content and efficient teaching techniques to obtain the desirable language level for Master’s degree students have to be under further consideration.

AREAS OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES APPLICATION WHEN PREPARING THE POPULATION FOR ACTIONS DURING EMERGENCIES

In the circumstances when human life is intensively affected by many harmful environmental factors resulting from large-scale disasters of different origins and types, the issues of population training in emergency preparedness and response as well as public safety culture development in general are of great importance. According to the State Emergency Service of Ukraine, in 2018 168 people were killed and 839 were injured because of emergencies. In comparison with the same last year period, there is a steady death toll increase despite the fact that the total number of emergencies in Ukraine has decreased in contrast to the previous period. In addition, rescuers have considered fire safety and hygiene violations along with low-level control over the epidemic prevention measures implementation as main causes of natural and man-made emergencies in the country during recent years. Such state of affairs may indicate that very often the loss of life during emergency results from the lack of knowledge and failure to comply with the recommendations on life safety, and that the existing system of civil protection training is not able to cover all segments of the population. In addition, the complex technogenic and environmental, and military and political situations significantly increases the risk of dangerous incidents occurrence with casualties. Thus, modernization of knowledge dissemination system on the civil protection and life safety issues among the population are of particular relevance. The problem of mobile technologies for educational purposes is analyzed by the Ukrainian and foreign researchers, namely: V. Bykov, A. Struk, S. Smerikov, D. Kigan, A. Andreeva, etc. At the same time, the analysis of scientific and methodological literature and online sources shows that the problem of the use of mobile training for raising public awareness on civil protection issues has not been considered as a separate research subject before. The purpose of the article is to determine the peculiarities of the mobile technologies used for population emergency preparedness, as well as to present the developed social mobile application “SES Alphabet” and the prospects of its usage for population training. Under the rapid civilizational development of humanity, there will always be the possibility of various natural and manmade threats, and a certain part of the population will suffer from dangerous factors of the external environment. Therefore, the issue of citizen’s safety competence development and the culture of society safety in general will always remain urgent. According to the Ukrainian Constitution, human life and health, its protection against the impact of harmful man-made, natural, environmental and social factors are the highest social values, for which a unified state system of civil protection was created. One of the system’s components is the preparing of the population to behave properly under the conditions of potential emergencies. Taking into account the fact that the main task of public policy in the civil protection field is emergency prevention, preparing people to act under special circumstances is an effective form of prophylaxis, first and foremost, of human casualties caused by disasters. The basics of human behavior in extreme situations are formed because of constant training, which provides an adequate level of preparedness in case of emergency. Therefore, the training of the population on civil protection issues should be standardized and widespread. There is a natural question about effective tools for such training. In our opinion, it is possible to solve this problem by developing a suitable mobile application. Using of mobile devices for outreach activities on civil protection issues with the civilians and promotion of a safety culture in society have wide prospects because it addresses the major problem of accessibility and rapid provision of the adapted, easy-to-read educational information material. Mobile learning offers great opportunities for self-education of the population because the application allows you to remotely study in the field of life safety regardless of place and time. The high concentration and multimedia of the training material make it possible to focus on the main points, while the user-friendly interface allows you to navigate the vast array of civil protection information material very quickly. Considering the opportunities and advantages, mobile education, in our opinion, in the long run can be the most effective outreach activity for the population on socially significant issues, in particular informing citizens about emergency response. The use of mobile devices will create the conditions for accessible, inclusive and continuous education of the population on civil protection issues. International experience in the mobile applications in civil protection systems used to inform the public about emergency demonstrates the effectiveness of the mobile technologies in achieving the key tasks in the field of civil protection, namely the protection of life and health of citizens. The mobile application will provide useful and easy-to-read information about emergency procedures, which will help to avoid loss of human lives among the affected population.

PRE HOSPITAL AID TRAINING IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. AN ABSOLUTE NECESSITY

When providing the prehospital aid the most important factor is time. The more time expires from the moment of receiving injury until delivery to a hospital, the worse forecast becomes for a victim. Mortality grows geometrically. So, for example, in cases of transport injuries if medical care was provided within 30 minutes – 1 hour, then mortality among injured did not exceed 30%. If this time increases, then the mortality reaches 60-80%, and growth in a geometrical progression takes place. In general, it becomes clear that even two injured from three ones who died in city streets, could be saved if they received the help in due time [2]. Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine registered in the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine the project of the Law of Ukraine about full general secondary education dated April 5, 2019 № 10204. This project of the Law provides that all teachers will take courses on the prehospital help. It has to reduce the quantity of death of children during lessons. Protection of children’s health is one of the mandatory functions of the educational organization. If it is necessary, the first aid at school is to be given to the child both professionally and in time. Teachers, studying a profession in higher education institution, have to be trained on providing the prehospital help. There is nothing more important, than rendering the prehospital help to the child during the first minutes after a trauma or in the event of a symptom hazardous to health, for example, epilepsy [3]. The purpose of the article is to highlight the importance of teaching teachers and students the skills of rendering the prehospital help. According to the Law of Ukraine “About the Emergency Medical Care”, persons who have no medical education, but according to their the official duties they have to provide the first aid and to manage main practical skills on rescue and preservation a human life for those who require that, have to be the first who study the prehospital help [4]. And based on the project of the Law of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine mentioned above teachers can also be referred to the category of persons who have no medical education and are obliged to provide the prehospital help though it is not included into their official duties. Except the planned training of the teachers of the prehospital help, to our opinion, there should be also started a training of pupils on the program of the first level [5] which first of all provides obtaining practical skills of rendering the prehospital help to the injured at cardiac arrest and breath before arrival of the emergency medical care. The training program “Protection of the Fatherland” for pupils of 10-11 classes is introducted for gradual increasing of the number of the citizens in the system of secondary education, who manage the skills of the prehospital help [7]. Such a program, in the question of pre-hospital help, combines teaching theoretical knowledge with a practical training with use of dummies and other other visual materials. Every year All-Ukrainian gathering and competition of young rescuers “School of Safety” is also provided where the pupils, who are 12 years old and older show their abilities on providing the pre-hospital help to the injured. The last two years we had an opportunity to compare theoretical knowledge and practical skills of the prehospital help of pupils who finished the 11th class and studied according to the program “Protection of the Fatherland” and pupils of the 8-9 classes who were trained by the “School of Safety”. It turned out to be that the pupils of 8-9 classes, in the majority, prevail on the level of knowledge of the prehospital help the graduates of high school. In our opinion, it is expedient to develop and implement at secondary school the program of training of rendering help to injured who are in emergency, for pupils, starting from the fifth class. Anybody, irrespective of a profession, is able to be trained and to manage the skills of the prehospital aid. The trauma or accident can happen at any time. Not only success of further treatment, but sometimes human life depends on prehospital help provided timely and correctly. In certain cases the victim has to render prehospital help to himself - to stop bleeding, to put the bandage etc. That all is not difficult, but it is necessary to take the corresponding training for mastering skills of rendering the prehospital help. In our opinion, in modern conditions it is compulsory to: introduce the permanent prehospital help training for tutors and nurses of preschool institutions; introduce the permanent prehospital help training in schools for children, starting from the age 12 years old and older.

STATE REGULATION OF PROVIDING EDUCATION FOR EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE “LIFE SAFETY” IN HIGHER EDUCATION STAFF

The article deals with burning issues of legal regulation and methodological provision for the academic subjects “Life Safety” and “Civil Protection” at Higher Educational Institutions at present time. It is suggested that the safety education standards have to build the basis for legislation of safety education. These standards are to be developed and put into operation under the Articles 39 and 41 of Civil Protection Code of Ukraine, Clauses 20 and 23 of Order of the Cabinet of Ministers “About approval of the procedure for training the population to act in emergencies”, Ukrainian Act “On Higher Education”. According to these legal acts, the main tasks have been defined which are stated in the “Regulation on functional subsystem of preschool children, pupils and students training to respond to emergencies (on life safety issues) of the National Integrated System of Civil Protection”, and safety education standards in relation to academic subjects “Life Safety” and “Civil Protection” were developed. October, 20, 2010, the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Emergency together with the State Service of Mountain Supervision and Industrial Safety of Ukraine represented the corporate Legal Act “On organization and improvement of education in occupational safety, life safety and civil protection at Higher Educational Institutions of Ukraine”. Clause 1 of the Legal Act states that normative subjects “Life Safety”, “Occupational Safety” and “Civil Protection” are studied by all students, cadets and learners of Higher Educational Institutions. Order of the Cabinet of Ministers № 590 dated 30.05.2014, withdrew the mentioned above legal act which, in fact, resulted in suspending the fourth typical program on Life Safety. Educational community of Ukraine was left without the documents of the Ministry of Education and Science which regulate the teaching of subjects on general and special safety issues at Higher Educational Institutions, such as “Life Safety”, “Occupational Safety”, and “Civil Protection”. This approach to teaching students build the ground for creating future leaders and specialists of the national economy with low level of knowledge on occupational safety, industrial, fire and natural safety. There has been imbalance in a structure and a number of higher education specialists’ training considering the person’s needs, interests of the country, local societies and employers, especially in obtaining knowledge in the fields of life safety, occupational safety, and civil protection. This paper analyses the findings of the Ukrainian researchers P. Volianskyi, S. Osypenko, O. Zaporozhets, S. Poteriaiko, О. Barylo, E. Lytvynovskyi, V. Grechaninova, V. Shamshur, V. Mykhailov and others. These works investigate the issues of legal regulation and methodological provision for training the population in the field of civil protection and life safety. Taking into account the considerations above, the purpose of this paper is to substantiate the need to restart the compulsory subjects “Life Safety” and “Civil Protection” for junior specialists, bachelor’s and master’s students, and, at the same time, the introduction of modern forms, methods and content of training that meet the requirements of safety management.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT AS A SCIENTIFIC COMPONENT OF MANAGEMENT DECISIONS IN THE SPHERE OF CIVIL PROTECTION

A condition for the sustainable functioning of the civil protection system is a clear understanding of the nature of crisis situations and emergencies in terms of public administration functions and tasks. An analysis of the functioning of the state system of technological and natural safety in Ukraine shows that modern principles of protection of the population and territories are implemented at an extremely slow pace. One of the main reasons for the low level of safety of the population, territories, social, technogenic and natural objects in Ukraine is the weakness of the state policy aimed at strengthening preventive activities in the field of technogenic and natural safety. Investigate the scientific component of managerial decision-making with a rapid change in the limits and boundary conditions of an emergency and the possibility of applying a crisis management methodology. The processes of making a management decision in the emergency are vital, for example, in the event of fires, catastrophes, natural disasters, where it is not just about the optimal use of material and financial resources, but first of all about people’s lives. Reducing the time for the development, adoption and implementation of managerial decisions, the growth of uncertainty and risk, the need to attract additional resources from the reserves, and the existence of different modes of functioning of the public administration system in the emergency conditions indicate that public administration in this area has certain features. Their consideration in the activities of state administration bodies under the emergency will reduce the likelihood of inadequate management decisions, will save resources and time to eliminate the consequences of the emergency, reduce losses. Crisis management methodology allows you to determine the two basic things about managing in an emergency, namely the vulnerability and sustainability of the operation of the object (industry, administrative territory). That is, vulnerability is the lack of ability to perform important functions before and after an emergency (such as evacuation, search and rescue, crisis communications, public information, etc.). Accordingly, sustainability is the ability to function under the influence of an emergency factor, to promote public awareness of an emergency, and to build capacity through hazard and vulnerability analysis, resource accumulation, planning, training and training of emergency response services and volunteers. Crisis and emergency activities involve close cooperation with various institutions and structures outside the usual context of communication. There are severe time constraints that prevent the identification of who is responsible for solving the problem. The key to this is the degree of readiness for action in such circumstances, a predefined range of responsibilities and a division of responsibilities, which implies the ability to take on a much larger range of challenges and potential threats compared to their existing experience. The degree of readiness for action in such circumstances and their effectiveness and efficiency may depend on the reputation of the institution and its management. In this respect, the crisis not only poses new threats to managers, but also opens up new opportunities for them (effective actions in crisis situations and emergencies can help the career growth and authority of the manager). Extremely important are the decision-making processes in emergencies, such as in the event of fires, technogenic disasters, natural disasters, when it comes not only to the optimal use of material and financial resources, but first and foremost about the lives of people. Reduced time for the development, adoption and implementation of management decisions, increasing uncertainty and risk, the need to attract additional resources from the reserves, the availability of different modes of functioning of the system of public administration in the conditions of the emergency indicate that public administration in this area has certain features. Their consideration in the activities of public administration bodies in the conditions of the emergency will reduce the likelihood of making inadequate management decisions, will help to save resources and time to eliminate the consequences of the emergency, and to reduce losses.