Hubungan Antara Kepatuhan Minum Obat (MMAS-8) Dan Kualitas Hidup (WHOQOL-BREF) Penderita Tuberkulosis Di Puskesmas Di Kota Bandung

Backgroumd: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease which is until now has not been able to be threated, i.e., because of patient non-adherence in taking anti-tuberculosis drug (ATD) Objective: The objective of this research is to study the relationship between patients adherence in taking ATD determined by MMAS-8 questionnaire with QoL of patient determined by WHOQOL questionnaire. Method: Tuberculosis patients who undergo treatment for at least 4 weeks are the subjects in this study. This study was conducted by a cross-sectional method using the MMAS-8 and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire of tuberculosis patients at Ibrahim Adjiand Gumuruh primary health care during March - August 2018. Result: Based on MMAS-8 questionnaire filled out by 75 patients, there was 69% of high adherence, 15% moderate, and 16% has low adherence in taking ATD. Of the 6 characteristic factors (i.e., age, sex, occupation, income, education and length of treatment), only gender (p0.01) and occupation (p0.03) factors that influence the patient adherence significantly. Based on MMAS-8 and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire analyses, there is only psychological health aspect (domain two) that have a significant (p = 0.01) correlated with patient adherence. Conclusion: Based on the results,the psychological health of tuberculosis patients play an important role in patient adherence.

Uji Mutu Fisik Metoklopramid HCl Tablet Chewable dengan Variasi Jenis Pengisi sebagai Diluent menggunakan Metode Granulasi Basah

Metoclopramide HCl are used to reduce vomiting and nausea. The availability on the market in the form of tablet, syrup and injection. Patient tend to prefer take drugs by oral use because it was easier. Chewable tablet is the new product as the alternative ways to treatment children and adult patient who had difficulity problem of swallowing drugs. Objectives: This research aims to formulate the chewable metoclopramide HCl tablets using diluent variations to get a better physical quality test. Chewable tablets of metoclopramide HCl are made using diluent variations, they are mannitol, sucrose, lactose. Formula I mannitol, formula II sucrose, and formula III lactose. Chewable tablet preparations are made by the wet granulation method. Data collection was performed on physical characteristics including organoleptic, weight uniformity, uniformity of size, tablet hardness, tablet fragility, disintegration time, metoclopramide HCl levels. Physical quality test results were statistically analyzed to determine the effect of variations in the diluent on the characteristics of chewable tablets. The results of this research have an influence on the physical quality and uniformity of contents of various types of diluent variations between each formulation. In this research, fillers have an important role in the preparation of chewable metoclopramide tablets to determine the physical quality of the tablets and the uniformity of their contents. The variation of diluent that gives better results is mannitol. This is because formulas that use mannitol have uniformity in content that meets the requirements, faster disintegration time, and physical quality of tablets that still meet the requirements, when compared to the first and second formulations. The variation of diluent that gives better results is mannitol.

EFFECT OF VARIATION OF LUBRICANT CONCENTRATION (MAGNESIUM STEARATE) ON THE PHYSICAL QUALITY OF METOCLOPRAMID HCl TABLETS WITH DIRECT PRINTING METHOD

Metoclopramide HCl is used to relieve nausea and vomiting. Market availability in the form of tablets, syrup and injection. The most preferred drug use by patients is oral medication because of its ease of use. Chewable tablets are a new product as an alternative for treatment in pediatric and adult patients who have difficulty swallowing drugs. This study aims to formulate the chewable tablet preparations of metoclopramide HCl using variations in lubricant concentrations. The variations of magnesium stearate with concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% using the direct printing method made to obtain a better physical quality test including organoleptics, weight uniformity, uniformity of size, tablet hardness, tablet brittleness, tablet crush time, uniformity of content. The results of the physical quality test were statistically analyzed using one way ANOVA to determine the effect of variations in the concentration of lubricants on the characteristics of chewable tablets. The results showed that variations in the concentration of magnesium stearate lubricant in the manufacture of metoclopramide HCl chewable tablets had an effect on the physical quality of metoclopramide HCl chewable tablets. The concentration of magnesium stearate which produces metoclopramide HCl chewable tablets with good physical properties is 2%.

Identifikasi Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Pasien Hipertensi di RS Multazam Kota Gorontalo

Hypertension is a disease that continues to increase every year, where the keys to success for its treatment are selection and use of the drugs. The treatment failure occurred if the selection and use of medication are inappropriate with the condition of patients followed by DRPs. Unresolved hypertension can cause heart attack, kidney failure and stroke. The research aimed to identify DRPs at hypertension patients with or whitout comorbidity reviewed from the drug without indication, indication without drug, high doses, low doses, and drug interaction. The research was non-experimental descriptive research which applied cross-sectional design by collecting data through a retrospective at hypertension with or without comorbidity at Multazam Hospital of Gorontalo City for January-December 2018 periods. The samples were selected by purposive sampling and obtained 79 patients who were qualified as samples. The obtained data were analyzed with univariate. The finding of research showed that the use of medication at hypertension patient with or without comorbidity at Multazam Hospital of Gorontalo City for January-Desember 2018 periods based on five categories were drug without indication was 3.08%, indication without drug was 33,84%, high doses was 27,70%, low doses was 4,62% and drug interaction was 30,76%. The identification of DRPs of use of hypertension medication with or without comorbidity at Multazam Hospital of Gorontalo City for January-December 2018 periods was categorized good.

Gambaran Pengelolaan Emergency Kit (Trolley) Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) dr. Hasri Ainun Habibie Kabupaten Gorontalo

An emergency kit is life-saving drug storage that is immediately required for helping patients with a sudden decline in health status. Therefore, the management of an emergency kit should be taken into concern. This qualitative descriptive research is devoted to determining the management of the emergency kit (trolley) from the aspects of recording and reporting, arrangement, human resources, facilities, and infrastructure in Regional Public Hospital RSUD Hasri Ainun Habibie in 2019. The obtained data were analyzed based on the Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 72 of 2016 Concerning Standards of Pharmaceutical Services in Hospitals and the Standard Operating Procedures of the hospital mentioned earlier. Further, this study involved pharmacy staff as the responsible person of the Trolley and Emergency Trolley themselves as the sample. The results indicate that the wards, in terms of the recording and reporting processes, have not reached good management. It is revealed that out of seven wards that provide emergency trolley, 100% of them have not fulfilled the sub-variable on recording the taking of emergency stocks in the aspect of recording and reporting; 100% have not satisfied the sub-variable on using the key of disposable trolley in the aspect of arrangement; in the aspect of human resources, 100% and 50% have not met the sub-variables on the signing of the handover letter and trolley locking, respectively, and 25% have done the gradual stocks checking; in the aspect of facilities and infrastructure, 100% have not fulfilled the sub-variable on disposable lock document.

Tingkat Kepatuhan Penggunaan Obat Anti Tuberkulosis Pada Pasien Di Puskesmas Tombulilato Kabupaten Bone Bolango

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium. Compliance wiyh long-term medication is the key to tuberculosis control. It also has become a complex and dynamic phenomenon with various factors that are impactful on the patients’ behavior of taking drugs. This non experimental observation research aims to measure the patients’ compliance level of using anti-tuberculosis drugs in puskesmas (Community Health Center) Tombulilato. Relying on the cross-sectional design, this study collected the data from qualitative approach and employing the purposive sampling technique in selecting 38 respondents suffering from tuberculosis aged 15-75 years. Further, the collected data were processed using the SPSS program and were analyzed utilizing the univariate analysis. The results reveal that the respondents in the site area are categorized as “being compliant” in using anti-tuberculosis drugs, with the percentage 86,8%.

Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap terhadap Tindakan Pemilihan Obat Untuk Swamedikasi

One of the curative efforts often carried out by the community is self-medication. Self-medication is one of the efforts in treating symptoms of illness or illness that is being suffered by someone without consulting a doctor in advance. Self-medication in its implementation cannot be separated from the use of traditional medicine and modern medicine. This study aimed to measured the correlation between the knowledge and attitude of the people of Tontulow village, North Sulawesi, regarding the tradisional medicine and modern medicine towards their act of selecting the type of medicine for self-medication. This study was an observational study with a cross sectional design. The sampling technique was performed by cluster sampling method. The instrument of the study was using questionnaire. For normality tes used Klomogrov-Smirnov test while for the correlation test used Pearson test. The number of participants were 83 respondents. Most of the people of Tontulow village have a sufficient level of knowledge regarding the traditional medicine and modern medicine, as many as 67 respondents (80.7%) with their attitude tended to be positive towards both medicine type. There was a correlation between knowledge and attitude regarding the tradisional medicine and modern medicine towards the act of selecting medicine type (the result of Pearson test: significance value 0,05)

Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Minyak Argan (Argania spinosa L.) Dalam Bentuk Sediaan Mikroemulsi

Argan oil (Argania spinosa L.) is an oil that has benefits as a natural antioxidant which is good for health. Microemulsion is a thermodynamically stable delivery system; transparent; has a small globule size and consists of a mixture of oil, water, surfactant and co-surfactant which has great potential in delivering dermal active substances by increasing transdermal permeability in topical drug delivery. This research aimed to formulate argan (Argania spinosa L.) oil into microemulsion dosage form and determine the antioxidant activity using DPPH method. The study began with the optimization of base into several concentration variations of surfactant and co-surfactant. The formula made into 7 namely F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7, evaluated using organoleptic test and centrifugation test. The results showed the base of F6 which had the clear, transparent physical appearance and no separation occured. The F6 base was then made into microemulsion dosage with 3 concentration variations of argan (Argania spinosa L.) oil, namely F1 (0.5%), F2 (1%) and F3 (1.5%). The 3 formulas were tested for the physical stability which included pH test, viscosity test, centrifugation test and freeze-thaw test. The testing of antioxidant activity carried out by in vitro using the DPPH method which then calculated for the IC50 value on t0 and t28. From the results of the physical stability test at room temperature and freeze-thaw, the 3 formulas met the organoleptic, pH and centrifugation tests. The antioxidant activity values of IC50 were F1 (t0 = 291.14 g/mL; t28 = 230.43 g/mL), F2 (t0 = 89.02 g/mL; t28 = 129.01 g/mL), F3 (t0 = 81.07 g/mL; t28 = 116.30 g/mL). The statistical test result of T test showed the p value = 0,896, (0.05), which indicated that there was no significance difference in the antioxidant activity result between the 3 formulas on t0and t28.

Interaksi Obat Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dengan Penyakit Penyerta Di Rumah Sakit Otanaha Kota Gorontalo

As the numbers of cases continue to soar, diabetes mellitus or DM is one the most common disease in Indonesia. The WHO predicts that in 2030, numbers of diabetics in Indonesia will rise up to 21.3 million people, compared to 8.4 million people in 2000. Regarding the treatment, most of diabetes cases are commonly treated with pharmacological therapy. In this regard, polypharmacy and medications-related problems might occur during the treatment to control blood glucose level that is concurrent with the treatment of other diseases. Drug Interaction is a common medication-related problem. The present study is aimed to investigate the cases of drug interaction in patients with type-2 DM with comorbid diseases during the period of January-December 2019 in Otanaha Hospital, Gorontalo. As based on the inclusion criteria, the study involved 92 patients with type-2 DM and comorbid disease involved combination of metformin-glimepiride (47%), insulin (19%), metformin (14%), and glimepiride (9%). Moreover, based on the observation, minor interaction occurred the most (47%), followed by moderat interaction (31%) and major interaction. To sum up, the cases of drug interaction in patients with type-2 DM and comorbid disease in Otanaha Hospital, Gorontalo are relatively high. It is further concluded that the pharmacist’s role is influential to supervise and monitor the patients medication intake.

Formulasi Sediaan Emulgel Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam) Dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Menggunakan Metode DPPh

Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) is one of the plants that has high antioxidant activity, especially in the leaves. Emulgel is one of the topical dosage which dermatologically has several beneficial properties, namely thixotropic, not oily, easy to spread, easy to clean, soft, easy to wash, long lasting, transparent and comfortable when used. The purpose of this research was to formulate moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) leaves extract into emulgel dosage forms and determine the antioxidant activity of the dosage using DPPH method.The research began with extraction of moringa leaves and optimization of the base by varying the concentration of carbopol 940 as gelling consisting of F1 0.5%, F2 1%, F3 1.5% and F4 2%. The base that met the requirements of good physical stability was F2. The F2 base was then made into emulgel dosage with 3 concentration variations of the extract, namely F2a 4%, F2b 5% and F2c 6%. The physical stability test result of each formula met the organoleptic test,the pH test, the dispersion test, the adhesion test, the viscosity test, and the freeze-thaw test. The One way ANOVA statistical test result showed that the p value was greater than 0.05, which meant that the emulgel dosage had good physical stability. The IC50values of each antioxidant activity result were F2a (t0 = 120.464 g/mL; t28 = 144.887 g/mL), F2b (t0 = 113.642 g/mL; t28 = 128.407g/mL), F2c (t0 = 74.745 g/mL; t28 = 90.618 g/mL). The statistical results of the t-test showed thep value = 0,027, (0.05), This indicated that there were significant difference results of the antioxidant activity test between the three formulas on the first day (t0) and on the 28th day (t28).