Indigenous waste plant materials: An easy and cost-effective approach for the removal of heavy metals from water

The discharge of untreated tannery wastewater containing biotoxic substances of heavy metals in the ecosystem is one of the most important environmental and health challenges in our society. Hence, there is a growing need for the development of novel, efficient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective approach for the remediation of inorganic metals (Cr, Hg, Cd, and Pb) released into the environment and to safeguard the ecosystem. In this regard, recent advances in microbes-base heavy metal have propelled bioremediation as a prospective alternative to conventional techniques. Heavy metals are nonbiodegradable and could be toxic to microbes. Several microorganisms have evolved to develop detoxification mechanisms to counter the toxic effects of these inorganic metals. This present review offers a critical evaluation of bioremediation capacity of microorganisms, especially in the context of environmental protection. Furthermore, this article discussed the biosorption capacity with respect to the use of bacteria, fungi, biofilm, algae, genetically engineered microbes, and immobilized microbial cell for the removal of heavy metals. The use of biofilm has showed synergetic effects with many fold increase in the removal of heavy metals as sustainable environmental technology in the near future.

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Surfactant Washing to Remove Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil: A Review

Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering) ◽

10.2174/2405520412666190912151737 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 3-16

Author(s):

Jianghong Liu ◽

Jian Xue ◽

Dandan Yuan ◽

Xiaohang Wei ◽

Huimin Su

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Pollution ◽

Heavy Metal Pollution ◽

Soil Washing ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cost Effective Approach ◽

Long Time ◽

Protection Agent ◽

Remediation Of Soil

Heavy metal pollution has pervaded many parts of the world, especially developing countries such as China. The discharge of wastewater containing heavy metals will cause soil pollution for a long time and harm to human health. Soil washing is an environmentally feasible and cost-effective approach for the clean-up of sites contaminated with heavy metals. As a relatively environmental protection agent, surfactants are widely used in soil washing. This paper generalized the methods of remediation of soil from heavy metals, expounded the mechanisms of soil washing by surfactant and the types of surfactants and summarized the application of different surfactants in washing heavy metals from soil. Finally, the application prospects and development trends of surfactant washing heavy metals from soil have been prospected.

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Nanoadsorbants for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Water: Current Scenario and Future Directions

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9081379 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1379

Author(s):

Rohit Kumar ◽

Protima Rauwel ◽

Erwan Rauwel

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Water Current ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Metallic Ions ◽

Future Directions ◽

The Past ◽

Commercial Scale ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽

Current Scenario

Heavy metal pollution of aquatic media has grown significantly over the past few decades. Therefore, a number of physical, chemical, biological, and electrochemical technologies are being employed to tackle this problem. However, they possess various inescapable shortcomings curbing their utilization at a commercial scale. In this regard, nanotechnology has provided efficient and cost-effective solutions for the extraction of heavy metals from water. This review will provide a detailed overview on the efficiency and applicability of various adsorbents, i.e., carbon nanotubes, graphene, silica, zero-valent iron, and magnetic nanoparticles for scavenging metallic ions. These nanoparticles exhibit potential to be used in extracting a variety of toxic metals. Recently, nanomaterial-assisted bioelectrochemical removal of heavy metals has also emerged. To that end, various nanoparticle-based electrodes are being developed, offering more efficient, cost-effective, ecofriendly, and sustainable options. In addition, the promising perspectives of nanomaterials in environmental applications are also discussed in this paper and potential directions for future works are suggested.

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Magnetic Graphene Oxide Composites are the Solutions for Sustainable Remediation of Ecosystems

Environmental Analysis & Ecology Studies ◽

10.31031/eaes.2018.02.000528 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lakshmi Prasanna Koduru

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Graphene Oxide ◽

Membrane Separation ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Low Cost ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽

Magnetic Graphene Oxide ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽

Potential Applications

Heavy metals are one of the primary contaminants in the environment [1]. Exposure to heavy metals, even at trace levels, is believed to be a high health risk for humans [2,3]. Heavy metals are naturally occurring throughout the earth’s crust [4]. But most of the environmental contamination results from the anthropogenic activities such as mining and smelting operations, industry, and domestic and agricultural use of metals and metalcontaining compounds. Migration of these contaminants into non-contaminated areas as dust or leachates through the soil and spreading of heavy metals containing sewage sludge are a few examples of events contributing towards contamination of the ecosystems [5]. Hence, water is the one of the major routes through which heavy metals and radionuclides may enter the human body [6,7]. The sources of water pollution are shown in Figure 1. The conventional wastewater purification techniques including chemical coagulation, photo degradation, precipitation, flocculation, activated sludge, membrane separation and ion exchange are limited to the removal of heavy metals at trace levels [7-9]. However, adsorption is one of the best methods for the purification of water, owing to its low cost and easy handling of materials [7,10-12]. Moreover, adsorption approaches using commercial activated carbon, micro-filtration and membrane techniques are effective, but their use is limited by the complicated installation process involved coupled with the high maintenance costs of the systems [7,13]. Hence, these drawbacks have necessitated the search for an alternative method which is inexpensive, renewable and cost-effective for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Many scientific groups have prepared graphene or graphene oxide (GO) based hybrid nanocomposites for various potential applications [14-17]. The study of literature survey and stability of the GO-based nanocomposites prompted us to survey on graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide-based inverse spinel nickel ferrite nanocomposites for the removal of heavy metals and radionuclides from water with the purpose of reducing their environmental impact

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THE INITIAL ION EFFECT OF HEAVY METALS ADSORPTION BY USING HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION BANANA PEELS

Environmental Contaminants Reviews ◽

10.26480/ecr.01.2021.08.10 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 08-10

Author(s):

Nurhaliza Said Mohd ◽

Rabiatul Manisah Mohamed

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽

Banana Peel ◽

Initial Concentration ◽

Heavy Metals Adsorption ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽

Metals Adsorption

Accumulation of heavy metals in water is of particularly important because it can impact upon human health through possible contamination of food. The use of banana peel was investigated. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) was chosen as alternative process. The objective of this project is to synthesize banana peel hydrochars adsorbent via HTC process and to evaluate the heavy metals adsorption performance of banana peel hydrochars adsorbent. Conventional methods in removal of heavy metals require high operational cost, need highly skilled labour, and generate sludge at the end of the operation. Compared to other techniques, banana peel absorbent is a cost- effective adsorbent, easy to operate, environmentally safe and no health risk for the operator. Besides, large quantity of banana peel waste contributes to its significant disposal problem. Thus, this study is expected to solve problems of banana peel, by preparing banana peel adsorbent through hydrothermal carbonization. There are three phases in this project, phase 1 which is synthesis of banana peel based on hydrochars, banana peel was chopped the peels into small pieces. It was then soaked in KOH solution for 2hours and transferred into PTFE and heat for 2hours at 230°C. For phase 2, physico-chemical characterization of banana peels hydrochars by using FTIR. The result obtained shown that all of the content in banana peels will activate the surface of banana peel to enhance the adsorption of the heavy metals. For the final phase, by using AAS, the initial and final concentration of the metals was tested to determine the removal of heavy metals by the prepared hydrochars. The results showed that the removal capacity of the hydrochars increased when the initial concentration of the metals increased. From the research, it can be concluded that, as the initial concentration of the metals higher, the ability of the hydrochars to remove the metals also higher and stronger.

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Removal of Heavy Metal from Wastewater using Water Chestnut Shell as an Adsorbent

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology ◽

10.22214/ijraset.2021.35665 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (VI) ◽

pp. 3113-3120

Author(s):

Girish R. Jangle

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Membrane Separation ◽

Activated Carbons ◽

Low Cost ◽

Chemical Activation ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Chemical Precipitation ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Cost Effective Approach ◽

Exchange Membrane

The contamination of water resources as a result of industrial activity is on the rise and is a global concern. The heavy metals found in wastewater are long lasting and non-biodegradable. Contamination with heavy metals over acceptable limits could result in major health problems. Chemical precipitation, chemical oxidation, ion exchange, membrane separation, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, adsorption, and other technologies are used to lessen the influence of heavy metals on water bodies. Some procedures are extremely costly, energy-intensive, and frequently result in the production of harmful by-products. The use of adsorption as a cost-effective approach for removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater has been examined. The usage of Trapa bispinosa peels/shell as a low-cost adsorbent for wastewater treatment is discussed in this paper. Chemical activation was used to make activated carbons from Trapa bispinosa peels and shells. Activated carbons made from a combination of Trapa bispinosa peels/shells and Phosphoric acid with varying impregnation ratios. The results revealed that the activating temperature for the production of Trapa bispinosa-derived activated carbon is 500℃ (AC). CHNS, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were used to analyze the activated carbons.

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Cytotoxicity and Bioremediation of Heavy Metals by Highly Resistant Marine Bacteria

Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology ◽

10.9734/jabb/2021/v24i430211 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 48-72

Author(s):

Enas N. Danial ◽

Walaa A Majrashi ◽

Ahlam O. Bin Afif ◽

Ebtehal S Alamri ◽

Entesar M. Alhatimi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Marine Bacteria ◽

Environmental Concern ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Human Beings ◽

Toxic Heavy Metals ◽

Cost Effective Approach ◽

Good Potential ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Detoxification Mechanisms

Environmental pollution of heavy metals is increasingly becoming a problem and has become of great concern due to the adverse effects it is causing around the world. These inorganic pollutants are being discarded in our waters, soils and into the atmosphere due to the rapidly growing agriculture and metal industries, improper waste disposal, fertilizers, and pesticides. Pollution in industrial areas is a serious environmental concern. Wastewater containing biotoxic substances of heavy metals in the ecosystem is one of the most important environmental and health challenges in our society. Hence, there is a growing need for the development of novel, efficient, eco-friendly, and cost-effective approach for the remediation of inorganic metals (Cr, Hg, Cd, and Pb) released into the environment and to safeguard the ecosystem. Mercury (Hg), Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) are known to cause damage to living organisms, including human beings. In this regard, recent advances in microbes-base heavy metal have propelled bioremediation as a prospective alternative to conventional techniques. Heavy metals are nonbiodegradable and could be toxic to microbes. Several microorganisms have evolved to develop detoxification mechanisms to counter the toxic effects of these inorganic metals. Several marine bacteria highly resistant and capable of growing at higher concentrations of Hg, Cr, Cd and Pb and to evaluate their potential to detoxify. Their detoxification efficiency for Hg, Cr, Cd and Pb indicates good potential for application in bioremediation of toxic heavy metals.

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A review on zeolites as cost-effective adsorbents for removal of heavy metals from aqueous environment

International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ◽

10.1007/s13762-021-03560-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

E. I. Ugwu ◽

A. Othmani ◽

C. C. Nnaji

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Aqueous Environment ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals

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Current Trends in the Application of Nanomaterials for the Removal of Pollutants from Industrial Wastewater Treatment—A Review

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26092799 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 2799

Author(s):

Geetha Palani ◽

A. Arputhalatha ◽

Karthik Kannan ◽

Sivarama Krishna Lakkaboyana ◽

Marlia M. Hanafiah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Industrial Wastewater ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Innovative Technology ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Innovative Methods ◽

Current Trends ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽

Pollutants Removal

In the recent decades, development of new and innovative technology resulted in a very high amount of effluents. Industrial wastewaters originating from various industries contribute as a major source of water pollution. The pollutants in the wastewater include organic and inorganic pollutants, heavy metals, and non-disintegrating materials. This pollutant poses a severe threat to the environment. Therefore, novel and innovative methods and technologies need to adapt for their removal. Recent years saw nanomaterials as a potential candidate for pollutants removal. Nowadays, a range of cost-effective nanomaterials are available with unique properties. In this context, nano-absorbents are excellent materials. Heavy metal contamination is widespread in underground and surface waters. Recently, various studies focused on the removal of heavy metals. The presented review article here focused on removal of contaminants originated from industrial wastewater utilizing nanomaterials.

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Overview of integrated phytoremediation for heavy metals contaminated soil

Sustainable Forestry ◽

10.24294/sf.v1i4.931 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tzung-Yuh Yeh ◽

Chitsan Lin

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Large Scale ◽

Chelating Agent ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Heavy Metals Removal ◽

Metals Removal ◽

Cost Effective Approach ◽

Environmentally Safe

Heavy metal contaminated soil due to industrial, agricultural and municipal activities is becoming a global concern. Heavy metals severely affect plants, animals and human health. A suitable technology is necessary for heavy metals removal because it cannot self-decomposition as organic compounds. Among the various technologies surveyed, phytoremediation is one of the safest, most innovative, environmental friendly and cost-effective approach for heavy metals removal. Nevertheless, traditional phytoremediation practices pose some limitations such as long processing time, unstable treatment efficiency and limited application at large scale. In many methods proposed to improve phytoremediation, integrated phytoremediation has been studied in the recent years. Integrated phytoremediation use chelating agents and phytohormones to enhance phytoremediation. This is an environmentally safe, saving time and relative high effective method. Results showed that the association of a metal ion and a chelating agent to form chelates helps to maintain the availability of metals in the soil for the uptake of plants. Phytohormones supply nutrients for the soil to support vegetable growth. Therefore, integrated phytoremediation is a promising solution to overcome the disadvantages of conventional phytoremediation. It should be taken commercialization and need more applied projects in this field to demonstrate and clarify the real potential of this technology. In view of above, this manuscript reviews the mechanism and the efficiency of integrated phytoremediation for heavy metals in contaminated soil to give an overview of this technology.

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