scholarly journals Incidence and risk factors of physical inactivity over 2 years among elderly chinese: results from a population-based longitudinal survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. S199-S200
Author(s):  
Q. Liu ◽  
X. Li ◽  
Z. Li ◽  
D. Xing ◽  
B. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Elderly Chinese

scholarly journals A Review of Colorectal Cancer in Terms of Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Development, Symptoms and Diagnosis

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2025
Author(s):  
Tomasz Sawicki ◽  
Monika Ruszkowska ◽  
Anna Danielewicz ◽  
Ewa Niedźwiedzka ◽  
Tomasz Arłukowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
Disease Stages

This review article contains a concise consideration of genetic and environmental risk factors for colorectal cancer. Known risk factors associated with colorectal cancer include familial and hereditary factors and lifestyle-related and ecological factors. Lifestyle factors are significant because of the potential for improving our understanding of the disease. Physical inactivity, obesity, smoking and alcohol consumption can also be addressed through therapeutic interventions. We also made efforts to systematize available literature and data on epidemiology, diagnosis, type and nature of symptoms and disease stages. Further study of colorectal cancer and progress made globally is crucial to inform future strategies in controlling the disease’s burden through population-based preventative initiatives.

scholarly journals Cluster analysis of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in elderly Brazilians: population-based cross-sectional studies in a rural town

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. e18101724202
Author(s):  
Saulo Vasconcelos Rocha ◽  
Sabrina Correia de Oliveira ◽  
Hector Luiz Rodrigues Munaro ◽  
Camila Fabiana Rossi Squarcini ◽  
Bruna Maria Palotino Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables

Negative health behaviors incorporated into lifestyle are considered the main risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adults and the elderly. However, the relationship between the aggregation of these factors and the sociodemographic conditions of the elderly needs to be better elucidated. The aim of this study was to analyze the simultaneity of the five risk factors for NCDs in the elderly with low economic status living in a rural city in Brazil, and their association with sociodemographic variables. Cross-sectional study was conducted with elderly people from Family Health Units of the city of Ibicui-Bahia, Brazil, where 310 elderly were enrolled. Rates of physical inactivity in leisure (PIL), alcohol consumption, sedentary behavior, overweight/obesity and tobacco consumption were collected through a questionnaire in an individual interview. The average age among participants was 71.62 (± 8.16) years. The group presenting the five behaviors had high scores in both sexes (men O/E = 242.5; women O/E = 161.7). Among men and women, the highest scores found through clustering of simultaneous NCD risk factors were for the consumption of alcohol with smoking, and physical inactivity with smoking. When analyzing the association between groups and sociodemographic characteristics, men were more physically inactive than women (OR = 0.96, CI = 0.92-0.98) and concomitantly had unhealthy habits (smoking). In conclusion, the elderly are exposed to health risk factors for concurrent CNCDs and the accumulation of these risk factors was not associated with sociodemographic variables, it is suggested that further studies be carried out with the prevalent variables as well as to analyze why the elderly population presents these levels.

scholarly journals PRIMARY PREVENTION OF DEMENTIA: THE FUTURE OF POPULATION-BASED MULTIDOMAIN LIFESTYLE INTERVENTIONS

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Y. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Dementia Prevalence ◽  
Dementia Prevention ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Potential Public Health

Dementia affects 46.8 million of the world’s population, and is projected to increase to 131.5 million by 2050 (1). Increasingly, with no available disease-modifying drug or cure for the disease, preventive strategies are being pursued to curb the worldwide epidemic. Accumulating evidence supports the importance of dementia prevention, with seven risk factors (diabetes mellitus, midlife obesity, midlife hypertension, physical inactivity, depression, smoking, and low education) estimated to contribute to 9.6 million cases, equivalent to a third of Alzheimer’s disease worldwide (2). The potential public health impact of prevention is huge as a 20% reduction per decade from 2010 in the prevalence of these risk factors would translate to a 16.3% (1.5 million) reduction in dementia prevalence by 2050.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Impact on the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Wallonia, Belgium: A Population-Based Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Streel ◽  
Anne-Françoise Donneau ◽  
Axelle Hoge ◽  
Sven Majerus ◽  
Philippe Kolh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Specific Risk

Background. Monitoring the epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) and their determinants is important to develop appropriate recommendations to prevent cardiovascular diseases in specific risk groups. The NESCaV study was designed to collect standardized data to estimate the prevalence of CRFs in relation to socioeconomic parameters among the general adult population in the province of Liège, Wallonia, Belgium.Methods. A representative stratified random sample of 1017 subjects, aged 20–69 years, participated in the NESCaV study (2010–2012). A self-administered questionnaire, a clinical examination, and laboratory tests were performed on participants. CRFs included hypertension, dyslipidemia, global obesity, abdominal obesity, diabetes, current smoking, and physical inactivity. Covariates were education and subjective and objective socioeconomic levels. Data were analyzed by weighted logistic regression.Results. The prevalence of hypertension, abdominal obesity, global obesity, current smoking, and physical inactivity was higher in subjects with low education and who considered themselves “financially in need.” Living below poverty threshold also increased the risk of global and abdominal obesity, current smoking, and physical inactivity.Conclusion. The study shows that socioeconomic factors impact the prevalence of CRFs in the adult population of Wallonia. Current public health policies should be adjusted to reduce health inequalities in specific risk groups.

scholarly journals Risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases and the CARMEN Initiative: a population-based study in the South of Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2767-2774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Fernandes Capilheira ◽  
Iná S. Santos ◽  
Mario Renato Azevedo Jr. ◽  
Felipe Fossati Reichert
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
The South ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
Health Organization

The CARMEN Initiative is a strategy of the Pan American Health Organization and the World Health Organization that proposes population-based interventions to reduce risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCD) by approaching them simultaneously. The present study aims to provide a baseline for further interventions by the CARMEN Initiative based on a cross-sectional population-based study of 3,100 adults (>20 years old) in Pelotas, a city in the South of Brazil. Prevalence of smoking, physical inactivity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and excess weight were studied and presented separately and aggregated in various combinations. The most frequent risk factor was physical inactivity (73.2%), followed by excess weight (48.1%). Women were less active and thinner than men. More than half of the sample showed two or three risk factors (53.4%). The combination of physical inactivity and excess weight was observed in 34.7% of the sample, while 10.8% presented physical inactivity, excess weight, and hypertension concurrently. The accumulation of risk factors for CNCD is frequent in the study population and the identification of the most common combinations is essential for planning future interventions.

Abstract P314: High Prevalence of Behavioural Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Nepalese Community undergoing Socio-epidemiological Transition

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinav Vaidya ◽  
Natalia Oli ◽  
Umesh R Aryal ◽  
Damber B Karki ◽  
Alexandra Krettek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Who Steps

Behavioral risk factors, particularly the major four- tobacco consumption, harmful use of alcohol, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity- are accountable for a major proportion of cardiovascular disease burden. Driven by urbanization and globalization, these risk factors are rising in many of the low- income countries including Nepal. Population-based surveys and hospital reports indicate cardiovascular diseases are rising in Nepal. The first countrywide WHO-STEPS risk factor survey conducted in 2007-2008 showed that 23.8% are daily smokers, 28.5% are current drinkers, and 61.9% consumed less than five servings of fruits and vegetables, while 5.5% had low physical activity. Risk factors are generally more prevalent in urban areas than rural. We aimed to study the status of these behavioural risk factors in a community that is rapidly undergoing transition from a village to an urban community. We conducted the study in Duwakot and Jhaukhel, two urbanizing villages 13 kilometers from the capital Kathmandu. Six clusters were randomly selected. Altogether 777 adults aged 25-59 years consented to participate. Questions were based on the WHO-STEPS survey. Current smokers included those who affirmed to the question ‘Do you smoke?’ Current drinkers had ‘consumed alcohol in the previous one month’. Inadequate fruit and vegetable intake indicated those who were taking less than five servings of combined fruit and vegetable in a day. Physical activity was subjectively measured by asking about the respondent’s activities at work, travel and leisure. Having low physical activity meant not meeting any of the GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire) criteria of adequate physical activity. Prevalence of the four major behavioral risk factors was high in the community. Addictive behavioural risk factors were particularly higher in the males than in the females: current smoking (33.5% vs. 14.7%), current smokeless tobacco consumption (20.2% vs. 3.3%), and current alcohol drinking (34.5 % vs. 12.6%). Only 2% of the study population fulfilled the recommended minimum five servings of fruits and vegetables. Low physical activity was present in 43.3% of the respondents, with a higher prevalence seen among the females, elderly, more educated and those on non-agro works. In conclusion, there is particularly high physical inactivity and low fruit and vegetable intake in the community indicating negative effects of urbanization such as changing dietary habit and escalating sedentary lifestyle. Because the community is still beginning to urbanize, it is important that timely population-based health promotional strategies and favourable environmental modifications are implemented to counteract the effects of urbanization.

scholarly journals AWARENESS OF RISK FACTORS OF DIABETES AND PRACTICES REGARDING ITS PREVENTION AMONG THE ADOLESCENTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 079-082
Author(s):  
Salman Ansari ◽  
Shreyas Samaga ◽  
Shrihari Rao ◽  
Suraj Gowda ◽  
Tariq Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
University Colleges

Abstract: Introduction: India leads the world with largest number of diabetic subjects, and hence also termed as the Diabetic Capital of the world. Education is the cornerstone of diabetes prevention. Because of lack of awareness, most people suffer from diabetes at an early age. Before population-based interventions can be implemented, an assessment of knowledge and awareness of risk factors for Diabetes and practices to prevent it among adolescents is needed. Aims & Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of risk factors of diabetes and the practices regarding its prevention among the adolescents Materials and Method: The study was community based cross sectional type. A reviewed, self-prepared questionnaire consisting of questions based on the awareness of the risk factors and the practices regarding its prevention was prepared. Data was collected from 600 adolescents of age group 16-18years. Students from 4 pre-university colleges in Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada district, were selected as the study group. Results: 433% were aware that smoking was a risk factor for diabetes. 48.33% of students said that consumption of sweets can lead to diabetes. 8.66% of students agreed that mental stress can lead to diabetes. Physical inactivity, as a risk factor for diabetes was known by 7.33% of them. Only 5.5% and 5.33% of students were aware that family history and obesity respectively, can lead to diabetes. 93.67% of the students have not had themselves tested for diabetes. 99.16% of subjects are non-smokers. 98.16% do not consume alcohol. 53.67% do not exercise regularly.

scholarly journals Determinants of the population health distribution: an illustration examining body mass index

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bann ◽  
Emla Fitzsimons ◽  
William Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Economic Position

Abstract Most epidemiological studies examine how risk factors relate to average difference in outcomes (linear regression) or odds of a binary outcome (logistic regression); they do not explicitly examine whether risk factors are associated differentially across the distribution of the health outcome investigated. This paper documents a phenomenon found repeatedly in the minority of epidemiological studies which do this (via quantile regression): associations between a range of established risk factors and body mass index (BMI) are progressively stronger in the upper ends of the BMI distribution. In this paper, we document this finding and provide illustrative evidence of it in the 1958 British birth cohort study. Associations of low childhood socio-economic position, high maternal weight, low childhood general cognition and adult physical inactivity with higher BMI are larger at the upper end of the BMI distribution, on both absolute and relative scales. For example, effect estimates for socio-economic position and childhood cognition were around three times larger at the 90th compared with 10th quantile, while effect estimates for physical inactivity were increasingly larger from the 50th to 90th quantiles, yet null at lower quantiles. We provide potential explanations for these findings and discuss implications. Risk factors may have larger causal effects among those in worse health, and these effects may not be discovered when health is only examined in average terms. In such scenarios, population-based approaches to intervention may have larger benefits than anticipated when assuming equivalent benefit across the population. Further research is needed to understand why effect estimates differ across the BMI outcome distribution and to investigate whether differential effects exist for other physical and mental health outcomes.

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