Comparison of yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and shear strength on the annealed and heat-treated composites of stainless steel with fly ash and ZnO

The present study investigated the effect of cold rolling reduction on microstructure and mechanical properties of a 204C2 Cr–Mn austenitic stainless steel which contained 16%Cr, 2%Ni, 9%Mn and 0.083 %C). The 204C2 austenitic stainless steels were cold rolled at multifarious thickness reductions of 10%, 20%, 30%,40% and 50%, which were compared with the solution-treated one. Microstructure of them was investigated by means of optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy. For mechanical properties investigations, hardness and tensile tests were carried out. Results shows that the cold rolling reduction induced the martensitic transformation (γ→α ́) in the structure of the austenitic stainless steel. With the increase of the rolling reduction, the amount of strain-induced martensite increased gradually. Hardness, ultimate tensile strength and yield strength increased with the incremental rolling reduction in 204C2 stainless steels, while the elongation decreased. At the thickness reduction of 50%, the specimen obtained best strength and hardness. Hardness of 204C2 stain steel reached 679HV. Ultimate tensile strength reached 1721 MPa. Yield strength reached 1496 MPa.

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Tensile Properties and Microstructural Evolution of an Al-Bearing Ferritic Stainless Steel at Elevated Temperatures

Metals ◽

10.3390/met10010086 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 86 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ying Han ◽

Jiaqi Sun ◽

Yu Sun ◽

Jiapeng Sun ◽

Xu Ran

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽

Yield Strength ◽

Dynamic Recrystallization ◽

Strain Rate ◽

Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽

Microstructural Evolution ◽

Deformation Mechanism ◽

Strain Rates

The influence of temperature and strain rate on the hot tensile properties of 0Cr18AlSi ferritic stainless steel, a potential structural material in the ultra-supercritical generation industry, was investigated at temperatures ranging from 873 to 1123 K and strain rates of 1.7 × 10−4–1.7 × 10−2 s−1. The microstructural evolution linked to the hot deformation mechanism was characterized by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). At the same strain rate, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength decrease rapidly from 873 K to 1023 K and then gradually to 1123 K. Meanwhile, both yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increase with the increase in strain rate. At high temperatures and low strain rates, the prolonged necking deformation can be observed, which determines the ductility of the steel to some extent. The maximum elongation is obtained at 1023 K for the strain rates of 1.7 × 10−3 and 1.7 × 10−2 s−1, while this temperature is postponed to 1073 K once decreasing the strain rate to 1.7 × 10−4 s−1. Dynamic recovery (DRV) and continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) are found to be the main softening mechanisms during the hot tensile deformation. With the increase of temperature and the decrease of strain rate (i.e., 1123 K and 1.7 × 10−4 s−1), the sub-grain coalescence becomes the main mode of CDRX that evolved from the sub-grain rotation. The gradual decrease in strength above 1023 K is related to the limited increase of dynamic recrystallization and the sufficient DRV. The area around the new small recrystallized grains on the coarse grain boundaries provides the nucleation site for cavity, which generally results in a reduction in ductility. Constitutive analysis shows that the stress exponent and the deformation activation energy are 5.9 and 355 kJ·mol−1 respectively, indicating that the dominant deformation mechanism is the dislocations motion controlled by climb. This work makes a deeply understanding of the hot deformation behavior and its mechanism of the Al-bearing ferritic stainless steel and thus provides a basal design consideration for its extensive application.

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Parametric Optimization Of Gas Metal Arc Welding Process By Using Grey Based Taguchi Method On Aisi 409 Ferritic Stainless Steel

Technological Engineering ◽

10.2478/teen-2016-0003 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 6-11

Author(s):

Nabendu Ghosh ◽

Pradip Kumar ◽

Goutam Nandi

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽

Yield Strength ◽

Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Parametric Optimization ◽

Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽

Welding Process

Abstract Welding input process parameters play a very significant role in determining the quality of the welded joint. Only by properly controlling every element of the process can product quality be controlled. For better quality of MIG welding of Ferritic stainless steel AISI 409, precise control of process parameters, parametric optimization of the process parameters, prediction and control of the desired responses (quality indices) etc., continued and elaborate experiments, analysis and modeling are needed. A data of knowledge - base may thus be generated which may be utilized by the practicing engineers and technicians to produce good quality weld more precisely, reliably and predictively. In the present work, X-ray radiographic test has been conducted in order to detect surface and sub-surface defects of weld specimens made of Ferritic stainless steel. The quality of the weld has been evaluated in terms of yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and percentage of elongation of the welded specimens. The observed data have been interpreted, discussed and analyzed by considering ultimate tensile strength ,yield strength and percentage elongation combined with use of Grey-Taguchi methodology.

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The Structure and Properties of a Ti-25Al-10Nb-3V-1mo Alloy

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-213-931 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 213 ◽

Author(s):

Wego Wang ◽

Marietta R. Scanlon ◽

Martin G.H. Wells

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽

Yield Strength ◽

Titanium Aluminide ◽

Stress Rupture ◽

Heat Treatment Condition ◽

Air Cooling ◽

Stress Rupture Properties ◽

Heat Treated ◽

Superior Mechanical Properties

ABSTRACTSix super α2 titanium aluminide pancakes were produced by rapid omnidirectional compaction of prealloyed Ti-25Al-l0Nb-3V-lMo (at%) [Ti- 14.1Al-19.5Nb-3.2V-2Mo (wt%)] powder. Various solution and aging heat treatments were investigated to yield the best combination of tensile and stress rupture properties. The β transus temperature was found to be about 1,090 °C (1,990 °F). The alloy was heat treated with four different schedules to develop various structure combinations of α2 and β, and followed by a series of microstructural analyses and mechanical property determinations. The highest ultimate tensile strength and yield strength attained at room temperature were 1,174.9 and 977.7 MPa (170.4 and 141.8 ksi), respectively, for a specimen heat treated at 1,140 °C (2,084 °F) for 1 hr and aged at 816 °C (1,500 °F) for 4 hr + air cooling. However, the elongation was less than 2%. Under the same heat treatment condition, the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength measured at 427 °C (800 °F) were 1,139.1 and 711.6 MPa (165.2 and 103.2 ksi), respectively, with an elongation of 6.7%. The alloy also showed good stress rupture resistance. Compared with a similar hot isostatically pressed material, the current alloy shows superior mechanical properties due to a finer microstructure.

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UGI 4362

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ss1289 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (6) ◽

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽

Yield Strength ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Duplex Stainless Steel ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Heat Treating ◽

Good Strength

Abstract UGI 4362 is an austenitic ferritic duplex stainless steel with good strength and corrosion resistance. It has superior yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and corrosion resistance compared with 316L stainless. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming and heat treating. Filing Code: SS-1289. Producer or source: Schmolz + Bickenbach USA Inc..

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Evaluation and Characterization of ASS316L at Sub-Zero Temperature

Volume 12: Advanced Materials: Design, Processing, Characterization, and Applications ◽

10.1115/imece2019-12102 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Satyanarayana Kosaraju ◽

Anil Kalluri ◽

Swadesh Kumar Singh ◽

Ahsan ul Haq

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽

Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽

Yield Strength ◽

Strain Hardening ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Salt Water ◽

Strain Hardening Exponent

Abstract Austenitic Stainless-Steel grade 316L is one among the significant ASS grades which is most commonly used in various industry sectors. It has excellent corrosion resistance in ordinary atmospheric and also in more arduous environments such as salt water and environments where resistance to chloride corrosion is required. Whilst performing well when exposed to relatively high temperatures, this grade of Austenitic Stainless steel also maintains its strength and toughness at sub-zero temperatures, making this an excellent choice for various applications in industries sectors such as Marine, general construction, and water treatment. Therefore, present study focused on evaluating the mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and strain hardening exponent (n) are evaluated based on the experimental data obtained from the uniaxial isothermal tensile tests performed at an interval of −25 °C from 0 °C to −50 °C and at three orientations (0, 45, 90) degrees to the rolling direction and cross head velocity (3, 5, 7) mm/min were chosen. A total of 27 experiments have been planned based on design of experiments to conduct experiments. A mathematical model for the prediction of ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and strain hardening exponent (n) was developed using process parameters such as temperature, orientation and cross head velocities. Results have shown that mechanical properties can be predicted with a reasonable accuracy within the range of process parameters considered in this study.

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Effects of Substitution of Y with Yb and Ce on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Mg88.5Zn5Y6.5

Metals ◽

10.3390/met11010031 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Hongxin Liao ◽

Taekyung Lee ◽

Jiangfeng Song ◽

Jonghyun Kim ◽

Fusheng Pan

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Stability ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽

Yield Strength ◽

Creep Resistance ◽

Room Temperature ◽

High Thermal Stability ◽

Long Period ◽

Microstructures And Mechanical Properties

The microstructures and mechanical properties of the Mg88.5Zn5Y6.5-XREX (RE = Yb and Ce, X = 0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5) (wt.%) alloys were investigated in the present study. Mg88.5Zn5Y6.5 is composed of three phases, namely, α-Mg, long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phases, and intermetallic compounds. The content of the LPSO phases decreased with the addition of Ce and Yb, and no LPSO phases were detected in Mg88.5Zn5Y2.0Yb4.5. The alloys containing the LPSO phases possessed a stratified microstructure and exhibited excellent mechanical properties. Mg88.5Zn5Y5.0Ce1.5 exhibited the highest creep resistance and mechanical strength at both room temperature and 200 °C, owing to its suitable microstructure and high thermal stability. The yield strength of Mg88.5Zn5Y5.0Ce1.5 at room temperature was 358 MPa. The ultimate tensile strength of Mg88.5Zn5Y5.0Ce1.5 at room temperature and 200 °C was 453 MPa and 360 MPa, respectively.

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Quantitative Analysis of Pre-Strain Effect on Mechanical Properties of the Austenitic Stainless Steel

Volume 1: Codes and Standards ◽

10.1115/pvp2014-28361 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Zhiwei Chen ◽

Caifu Qian ◽

Guoyi Yang ◽

Xiang Li

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽

Yield Strength ◽

Tensile Testing ◽

Control Mode ◽

Strain Effect ◽

Strain Control

The test of austenitic stainless steel specimens with strain control mode of pre-strain was carried out. The range of pre-strain is 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% and 10% on austenitic stainless steel specimens, then tensile testing of these samples was done and their mechanical properties after pre-strain were gotten. The results show that the pre-strain has little effect on tensile strength, and enhances the yield strength more obviously. According to the experimental data, we get a relational expression of S30408 between the value of yield strength and pre-strain. We can obtain several expressions about different kinds of austenitic stainless steel by this way. It is convenient for designers to get the yield strength of austenitic stainless steel after pre-strain by the value of pre-strain and the above expression.

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STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF TiB2 PARTICLES ON THE STRUCTURE, DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR, AND PROPERTIES OF THE ALUMINUM ALLOY 1550

Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Matematika i mekhanika ◽

10.17223/19988621/67/10 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 102-116

Author(s):

Aleksandr B. VOROZHTSOV ◽

◽

Vladimir V. PLATOV ◽

Aleksandr A. KOZULIN ◽

Anton P. KHRUSTALEV ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽

Yield Strength ◽

Relative Elongation ◽

Rolling Direction ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Rolled Sheet ◽

Master Alloys ◽

Cast Alloys ◽

Tib2 Particles

In this work, the special master alloys containing aluminum and TiB2 powder with bimodal particle size distribution in three mixture compositions are prepared. The master alloys are infused into the melts using an external ultrasound source. The castings with particles had smaller grain sizes than the initial castings without particles. It is found that the hardness, yield strength, and ultimate tensile strength reach higher values with an increase in the relative elongation of the cast alloys with added particles. A warm rolling mode is employed for the studied alloys to obtain sheet blanks. It is shown that the staged shrinkage of the billets up to deformation of 80 % with periodic heating up to 300 °C allows one to obtain defect-free sheet products. The structure of the rolled sheet-alloys is characterized by the plate-shaped grains elongated along the rolling direction with pockets of submicron-sized grains in between. The strength properties of the studied rolled alloys exceeded those of the cast alloys. In the case of the rolled alloys, an increase in the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and ductility is revealed for the alloys with particles as compared to the ones with no particles added.

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PENGARUH PERSENTASE REDUKSI WARM ROLLING TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK PADUAN Cu-Zn 70/30

Material Komponen dan Konstruksi ◽

10.29122/mkk.v16i1.3288 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ayu Rizeki Ridhowati ◽

Eka Febriyanti ◽

Rini Riastuti

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽

Yield Strength ◽

Warm Rolling ◽

Holding Time ◽

Partial Recrystallization ◽

Homogenization Process ◽

Thermomechanical Method

Warm rolling is one of the thermomechanical method has several advantages such as produces high mechanical properties, but does not decrease % elongation and toughness value because partial recrystallization phenomenon that produces micron-sized new grain. This paper reports the results of an investigation carried out on the effects of holding time annealing to mechanical properties Cu-Zn 70/30 alloy. These alloy after homogenization process and quenched in the air then heated to temperature of 300°C, later the heated copper samples are warm rolled at 25%, 30%, and 35% reduction, after that heated at temperature 300°C and held during 120 minutes. Then sample is experienced rewarm rolling with reduction 25%, 30%, and 35%. The results obtained showed that the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength are higher proportional with the increasing of % reduction, their values are 501,1 MPa; 599,3 MPa; later decrease to 546, 5 MPa and to yield strength are 441,8 MPa; 466,1 MPa; then decrease to 458,6 MPa. Moreover hardness value increase proportional with % reduction such as 154 HV; 162 HV; after that decrease to 160 HV While, % elongation decreases inversely proportional with % reduction namely 12,4%; 8,2%; later increase to 11,2 %. It is caused of the partial recrystallization phenomenon as evidenced by the presence micron-sized.AbstrakWarm rolling merupakan salah satu metode termomekanik yang mempunyai beberapa keuntungan yaitu salah satunya menghasilkan sifat mekanik yang tinggi, namun tidak mengurunkan nilai keuletan karena adanya fenomena rekristalisasi parsial yang menghasilkan butiran baru berbentuk micron. Paper ini menjelaskan tentang hasil penelitian berupa pengaruh persentase reduksi terhadap sifat mekanis paduan Cu-Zn 70/30. Paduan Cu-Zn 70/30 setelah dilakukan proses homogenisasi dan didinginkan di udara lalu dipanaskan ke suhu 300°C, kemudian masing-masing dilakukan warm rolling dengan persentase reduksi sebesar 25%, 30%, dan 35% kemudian ditahan di suhu 300°C dalam waktu 120 menit. Selanjutnya sampel dilakukan rewarm rolling dengan persentase reduksi sebesar 25%, 30%, dan 35%. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan antara lain nilai kekuatan tarik (UTS dan YS) yang semakin tinggi sebanding dengan peningkatan % reduksi warm rolling yaitu masing-masing untuk nilai UTS sebesar 501,1 MPa; 599,3 MPa; lalu menurun menjadi 546,5 MPa serta untuk nilai kekuatan luluh sebesar 441,8 MPa; 466,1 MPa; lalu menurun menjadi 458,6 MPa. Selain itu, nilai kekerasan meningkat sebanding dengan peningkatan % reduksi warm rolling masing-masing sebesar 154 HV; 162 HV; lalu menurun menjadi 160 HV. Sedangkan persentase elongasi semakin menurun berbanding terbalik dengan peningkatan % reduksi masing-masing sebesar 12,4%; 8,2%; lalu meningkat menjadi 11,2%. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena adanya fenomena rekristalisasi parsial yang dibuktikan dengan kehadiran butir kecil berukuran mikron.Keywords : Cu-Zn 70/30 alloy, warm rolling, anneal, % reduction, mechanical properties

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