Decomposition and substrate quality of leaf litters and fine roots from three exotic plantations and a native forest in the southwestern highlands of Ethiopia

A silicon substrate is the starting point of producing the semiconductor component, so that the quality of semiconductor substrate is very important during the VLSI fabrication. In this paper, we will evaluate the influence of MOS device characteristics under different oxygen impurities in silicon substrates. In the course of silicon substrate pulling process by Czochralski method, the defect and impurity will be existed; the oxygen atom will be induced substrate dislocations and affected the substrate quality. In this work, different oxygen doses will be used in wafer to study the impacts on MOS CV curve characteristic, interface trap charge characteristic, ID-VDScurve, ID-VGScurve, and threshold voltage behaviors of MOS devices.

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Physiological quality of pink pepper seeds (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi.) as a function of storage

Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas ◽

10.22267/rcia.213801.150 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 144-157

Author(s):

Thaísa De Oliveira Silveira ◽

Madelon Rodrigues Braz ◽

Gilmara Pires de Moura Palermo ◽

Tiago Böer Breier

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Storage Time ◽

Storage Period ◽

Seed Storage ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Native Forest ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

And Storage

Seeds of native forest species for food and seedling production have a growing demand that impacts the need for studies involving seed storage in order to maintain good levels of germination quality. Thus, scientific analyzes that explore the physiological potential of the seeds of these species are necessary, especially for the pink pepper (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi.), a species used as an alternative source of income for traditional communities and which has been arousing interest due to the consumption of its fruits as a condiment in the national and international market. This work aimed to assess the physiological quality of pink pepper seeds according to the storage period and seed size. The seeds came from a rural settlement, a pioneer in the extraction of pink pepper, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The seeds were evaluated for moisture content, germination, first count, length and dry weight of the germinated seedlings, during the period of time that they remained stored and the size of the seeds. The results allowed to conclude that: i) the germinative percentage of the stored pink pepper seeds decreased over the months; ii) the moisture content of the seeds decreased over the months evaluated iii) the different sizes of seeds did not show differences in germination and storage time and iv) values of length and dry weight of the seedlings did not differ according to the period of storage.

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Properties of 4H-SiC by Sublimation Close Space Technique

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-572-179 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 572 ◽

Author(s):

S. Nishino ◽

K. Matsumoto ◽

Y. Chen ◽

Y. Nishio

Keyword(s):

Schottky Diode ◽

Source Material ◽

Epitaxial Layers ◽

Power Devices ◽

High Quality ◽

Substrate Quality ◽

Space Technique ◽

P Type ◽

Type Conduction

ABSTRACTSiC is suitable for power devices but high quality SiC epitaxial layers having a high breakdown voltage are needed and thick epilayer is indispensable. In this study, CST method (Close Space Technique) was used to rapidly grow thick epitaxial layers. Source material used was 3C-SiC polycrystalline plate of high purity while 4H-SiC(0001) crystals inclined 8° off toward <1120> was used for the substrate. Quality of the epilayer was influenced significantly by pressure during growth and polarity of the substrate. A p-type conduction was obtained by changing the size of p-type source material. The carrier concentration of epilayer decreased when a lower pressure was employed. Schottky diode was also fabricated.

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Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on the substrate quality of foliar litter in a natural evergreen broad-leaved forest in the Rainy Area of Western China

Acta Ecologica Sinica ◽

10.5846/stxb201601080054 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (22) ◽

Author(s):

周世兴 ZHOU Shixing ◽

肖永翔 XIAO Yongxiang ◽

向元彬 XIANG Yuanbin ◽

黄从德 HUANG Congde ◽

唐剑东 TANG Jiandong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Deposition ◽

Western China ◽

Substrate Quality ◽

Broad Leaved Forest ◽

Leaved Forest

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EVALUATION OF PINEGRASS AS RANGE FORAGE

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps69-057 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 351-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alastair McLean ◽

S. Freyman ◽

J. E. Miltimore ◽

D. M. Bowden

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Soluble Carbohydrate ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Native Forest ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

High Positive Correlation ◽

Calcium Iron

Seasonal changes in the quality of pinegrass (Calamagrostis rubescens) on native forest range in southern British Columbia included declines in crude protein content and in vitro digestibility of dry matter and increases in content of lignin, acid-detergent fiber, and ash. The decline in average daily gains of beef heifers was more rapid than changes in quality of the pinegrass over the grazing period from June to October.Pinegrass contained adequate nutrients for the rapid growth of yearlings or for maintaining weanling calves until August 1, whereupon protein and phosphorus supplementation were required. Nutrient requirements of pregnant cows and replacement heifers were adequately met until September 1.Copper and zinc were inadequate throughout the season. Calcium, iron, and manganese contents, however, were satisfactory. Silica was high and must be considered a potential problem in pinegrass utilization.Digestible dry matter gave a high positive correlation with crude protein and phosphorus and a high negative correlation with lignin, acid-detergent fiber, and total ash.Crude fiber, crude fat, and total soluble carbohydrate contents of pinegrass did not closely follow changes in either animal gains or in vitro digestible dry matter.Crude protein, phosphorus, and acid-detergent fiber appear to give a good indication of animal yields on pinegrass and could be used to evaluate pinegrass quality where animal data are not available.

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Phenolic compounds in Scots pine heartwood: are kelo trees a unique woody substrate?

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/cjfr-2014-0498 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 225-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Parvathy Venugopal ◽

Riitta Julkunen-Tiitto ◽

Kaisa Junninen ◽

Jari Kouki

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Fungal Infection ◽

Scots Pine ◽

High Performance ◽

Phenolic Composition ◽

Mature Trees ◽

Fire Scars ◽

Substrate Quality ◽

Fungal Decomposition

Deadwood quality can be a highly significant factor in determining the occurrence of deadwood-dependent organisms such as saproxylic fungi. Rare deadwood substrates that are produced only after a lengthy senescence such as kelo trees may have unique deadwood qualities. Using high-performance liquid chromatography, we compared the phenolic composition of six types of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) substrates: living mature trees with no fungal sporocarps, living mature trees with Phellinus pini sporocarps, fallen non-kelo trees, soon-to-be kelo (standing), standing kelo, and fallen kelo. The fungal-infected living trees and fallen kelos were found to have more similarities in their phenolic composition when compared with the living and fallen trees and the standing kelos, which gets further pronounced with increasing decay. The results also highlight the uniqueness of the fungal-infected living trees and the fallen kelos and illustrate a possible correlation between fungal infection and the heartwood phenolic composition of Scots pine. However, it remains unclear to what extent the differences in phenolic compositions are caused by fungal infection and fungal decomposition. We also observed a previously undocumented correlation between the phenolic groups and fire scars on the trunks of the trees. The variation in substrate quality warrants further consideration when deadwood restoration activities are planned, as the quality of the deadwood could be as equally important as the quantity.

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Produção e qualidade de mudas de Anadenanthera peregrina var. falcata (Benth.) Altschul sob substratos e bioestimulador

Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB ◽

10.18265/1517-0306a2020v1n52p169-178 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (52) ◽

pp. 169

Author(s):

Orivaldo Benedito da Silva ◽

Ademir Goelzer ◽

Thiago De Oliveira Carnevali ◽

Fernando Henrique Moreira Dos Santos ◽

Néstor Antonio Heredia Zárate ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Soil ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Native Forest ◽

Soil Microbiota ◽

Restricted Sense ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Plant Stem ◽

Chemical Attributes

<p class="Default">The aim of this work is to evaluate the chemical attributes of substrate, emergence, survival and quality of Anadenanthera peregrina var. falcata (Benth.) Altschul (angico-do-cerrado) seedlings in different substrates and with or without biostimulator of soil microbiota. We evaluated three types of substrates – ‘Cerrado’ soil (restricted sense), commercial Tropstrato® substrate and native forest soil (‘Cerradão’) – with or without biostimulator application, arranged in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, in randomized blocks, with four repetitions. Seedling emergence was low (38.05%), but the highest survival occurred with application of biostimulator (81.01%) and commercial substrate (87.61%). The highest height (8.60 cm), number of leaves (13.00/plant), stem diameter (1.86 mm) and leaf area (43.44 cm2/plant) of seedlings as well as highest dry masses, occurred in the native forest soil, the dry masses were also favored with the application of biostimulator. Results indicated that native forest substrate and biostimulator application provides greater growth and quality of ‘angico-docerrado’ seedlings.</p>

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Mycobiota of Fine Roots of Pseudotsuga menziesii Introduced to the Native Forest Environment

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12121766 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 1766

Author(s):

Marta Damszel ◽

Hanna Szmidla ◽

Katarzyna Sikora ◽

Agata Młodzińska ◽

Sławomir Piętka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽

Fine Roots ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Taxonomic Composition ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Native Forest ◽

Site Conditions ◽

Forest Environment ◽

Introduced Trees

The mycobiota of the fine roots of Pseudotsuga menziesii were studied as a measure of the adaptation of this alien species to new soil and climatic conditions. We hypothesized that after approximately 130 years of growth in a given habitat, the fungal community colonizing the fine roots of introduced trees would resemble the biota of Pinus sylvestris and Fagus sylvatica in surrounding stands of similar age and site conditions. The genetic material isolated from the fine roots was subjected to metagenomic analysis. We recorded 33, 97 and 95 OTUs exclusively from root samples of Douglas fir, beech and pine, respectively; 124 were common to all sample types. The biota from the roots of P. menziesii featured a less diverse taxonomic composition and were characterized by the highest proportion of symbiotrophs (71.8%) versus saprothrophs (5.6%) and pathogens (0.24%). Some fungal taxa (19) in the roots of P. menziesii were common with the biota in the roots of other adjacent trees, while some (7) were unique to Douglas fir. Our results indicate a locally differentiated strategy of naturalness of fungi inhabiting soil and roots of P. menziesii, although 130 years have passed since the introduction of the species.

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