scholarly journals Applications of Robotics, AI, and Digital Technologies During COVID-19: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Zhuo Zhao ◽  
Yangmyung Ma ◽  
Adeel Mushtaq ◽  
Abdul M. Azam Rajper ◽  
Mahmoud Shehab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Virus Spread ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Potential Impact

Abstract Many countries have enacted a quick response to the unexpected COVID-19 pandemic by utilizing existing technologies. For example, robotics, artificial intelligence, and digital technology have been deployed in hospitals and public areas for maintaining social distancing, reducing person-to-person contact, enabling rapid diagnosis, tracking virus spread, and providing sanitation. In this paper, 163 news articles and scientific reports on COVID-19-related technology adoption were screened, shortlisted, categorized by application scenario, and reviewed for functionality. Technologies related to robots, artificial intelligence, and digital technology were selected from the pool of candidates, yielding a total of 50 applications for review. Each case was analyzed for its engineering characteristics and potential impact on the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, challenges and future directions regarding the response to this pandemic and future pandemics were summarized and discussed.

scholarly journals Covid-19 and the accelerating smart home

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205395172093807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Maalsen ◽  
Robyn Dowling
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Private Space ◽  
Data Practices

Home, digital technologies and data are intersecting in new ways as responses to the COVID-19 pandemic emerge. We consider the data practices associated with COVID-19 responses and their implications for housing and home through two overarching themes: the notion of home as a private space, and digital technology and surveillance in the home. We show that although home has never been private, the rapid adoption and acceptance of technologies in the home for quarantine, work and study, enabled by the pandemic, is rescripting privacy. The acceleration of technology adoption and surveillance in the home has implications for privacy and potential discrimination, and should be approached with a critical lens.

scholarly journals Principles of digital technologies introduction in the cultural and artistic practice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana Sovgyra
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Artistic Process ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Algorithmic Art ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology ◽  
Static Images

Purpose of the Article. The study is related to the study of the current state of culture and best practices in using the latest digital technologies in the cultural and artistic process. The author analyzes the specifics of the works created through the use of "artificial intelligence" technology. The methodology is based on an integrated approach and analytical (in the analysis of philosophical, art history, cultural literature on the subject of research), historical (in clarifying the stages of the formation of algorithmic art as a modern art form) and conceptual (in analyzing and characterizing the conceptual and terminological research system) research methods. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time the specifics of using digital technologies, in particular artificial intelligence, in the field of art, is considered. The article discusses the role of digital technology in the process of creating works of art. Conclusions. It was revealed that artificial intelligence is a technology that can only produce invariants of already created masterpieces, the recombination of what has already been created by man. Using digital technology, you can create not only static images in the form of paintings printed on a 3D printer but also dynamic video installations. The principles of the functioning of artificial intelligence technology in the process of creating works of art are considered. It was revealed that with the help of artificial neural networks commercial projects related to the recognition of images and sound information are successfully implemented.

scholarly journals Education for the Provision of Technologically Enhanced Legal Services

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaclav Janecek ◽  
Rebecca Williams ◽  
Ewart Keep
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Legal Education ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Legal Services ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Legal Professionals ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
And Training

Legal professionals increasingly rely on digital technologies when they provide legal services. The most advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) promise great advancements of legal services, but lawyers are traditionally not educated in the field of digital technology and thus cannot fully unlock the potential of such technologies in their practice. In this paper, we identify five distinct skills and knowledge gaps that prevent lawyers from implementing AI and digital technology in the provision of legal services and suggest concrete models for education and training in this area. Our findings and recommendations are based on a series of semi-structured interviews, design and delivery of an experimental course in ‘Law and Computer Science’, and an analysis of the empirical data in view of wider debates in the literature concerning legal education and 21st century skills.

scholarly journals Digital Technology for predicting, preventing, and controlling COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 07-12
Author(s):  
Deepti Sengar
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Medical Industry ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Insight Into

COVID-19 has become a serious threat to the world. In a very short time it has severely affected every aspect of our lives. In this situation, controlling COVID-19 is a big challenge for the medical industry and they need advanced technologies that can support their fight with COVID-19. Recently, state of the art digital technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of things (IoT), and Big data have shown very nice solutions to different type of problems. Motivated by these recent advances, this paper is aimed to provide an overview of these application areas. This early review of the field will be very important for providing a timely information to the people interested in using digital technologies for COVID-19 pandemic. We believe it will also provide the general readers with a new insight into the ways digital technologies can be used.

A fully automated conversational agent with artificial intelligence capabilities (Youper) for treating depression and anxiety: A nonrandomized feasibility trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Hamilton Vargas ◽  
Thiago Antonio Marafon ◽  
Diego Fernando Couto ◽  
Ricardo Giglio ◽  
Marvin Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Conversational Agents ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Viable Solution

BACKGROUND Mental health conditions, including depression and anxiety disorders, are significant global concerns. Many people with these conditions don't get the help they need because of the high costs of medical treatment and the stigma attached to seeking help. Digital technologies represent a viable solution to these challenges. However, these technologies are often characterized by relatively low adherence and their effectiveness largely remains empirical unverified. While digital technologies may represent a viable solution for this persisting problem, they often lack empirical support for their effectiveness and are characterized by relatively low adherence. Conversational agents using artificial intelligence capabilities have the potential to offer a cost-effective, low-stigma and engaging way of getting mental health care. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of Youper, a mobile application that utilizes a conversational interface and artificial intelligence capabilities to deliver cognitive behavioral therapy-based interventions to reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety in adults. METHODS 1,012 adults with symptoms of depression and anxiety participated in a real-world setting study, entirely remotely, unguided and with no financial incentives, over an 8-week period. Participants completed digital versions of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) at baseline, 2, 4, and 8 weeks. RESULTS After the eight-week study period, depression (PHQ-9) scores of participants decreased by 48% while anxiety (GAD-7) scores decreased by 43%. The RCI was outside 2 standard deviations for 93.0% of the individuals in the PHQ-9 assessment and 90.7% in the GAD-7 assessment. Participants were on average 24.79 years old (SD 7.61) and 77% female. On average, participants interacted with Youper 0.9 (SD 1.56) times per week. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that Youper is a feasible, acceptable, and effective intervention for adults with depression and anxiety. CLINICALTRIAL Since this study involved a nonclinical population, it wasn't registered in a public trials registry.

Digital Technology in Clinical Trials for Multiple Sclerosis: a systematic review. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello De Angelis ◽  
Luigi Lavorgna ◽  
Antonio Carotenuto ◽  
Martina Petruzzo ◽  
Roberta Lanzillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Clinical Trial Design ◽  
Motor Rehabilitation ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Treatment Side Effects

BACKGROUND Clinical trials in multiple sclerosis (MS) have leveraged the use of digital technology to overcome limitations in treatment and disease monitoring. OBJECTIVE To review the use of digital technology in concluded and ongoing MS clinical trials. METHODS In March 2020, we searched for “multiple sclerosis” and “trial” on pubmed.gov and clinicaltrials.gov using “app”, “digital”, “electronic”, “internet” and “mobile” as additional search words, separately. Overall, we included thirty-five studies. RESULTS Digital technology is part of clinical trial interventions to deliver psychotherapy and motor rehabilitation, with exergames, e-training, and robot-assisted exercises. Also, digital technology has become increasingly used to standardise previously existing outcome measures, with automatic acquisitions, reduced inconsistencies, and improved detection of symptoms. Some trials have been developing new patient-centred outcome measures for the detection of symptoms and of treatment side effects and adherence. CONCLUSIONS We will discuss how digital technology has been changing MS clinical trial design, and possible future directions for MS and neurology research.

Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 649-666
Author(s):  
Andrea Renda
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
Ethics Guidelines ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

This chapter assesses Europe’s efforts in developing a full-fledged strategy on the human and ethical implications of artificial intelligence (AI). The strong focus on ethics in the European Union’s AI strategy should be seen in the context of an overall strategy that aims at protecting citizens and civil society from abuses of digital technology but also as part of a competitiveness-oriented strategy aimed at raising the standards for access to Europe’s wealthy Single Market. In this context, one of the most peculiar steps in the European Union’s strategy was the creation of an independent High-Level Expert Group on AI (AI HLEG), accompanied by the launch of an AI Alliance, which quickly attracted several hundred participants. The AI HLEG, a multistakeholder group including fifty-two experts, was tasked with the definition of Ethics Guidelines as well as with the formulation of “Policy and Investment Recommendations.” With the advice of the AI HLEG, the European Commission put forward ethical guidelines for Trustworthy AI—which are now paving the way for a comprehensive, risk-based policy framework.

Diversity and Group Creativity

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-49
Author(s):  
Paul B. Paulus ◽  
Karen I. van der Zee ◽  
Jared B. Kenworthy
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Group Creativity ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Elaboration Model ◽  
State Of The Science

It is often presumed that diversity of group members will enhance group creativity. However, the evidence for this has been mixed. This chapter summarizes the state of the science in this area and provides an integrative framework based on the categorization elaboration model of van Knippenberg and colleagues. It focuses on the factors that influence the expression of diverse perspectives, attention to such expressions, the elaboration of the shared ideas, and how these lead to creative outcomes. It evaluates the importance of identity factors in this process and discusses the potential impact on both divergent and convergent creativity. It notes some of the gaps in the literature and suggests future directions.

scholarly journals Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence for Designing Accessible Cultural Heritage

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Galena Pisoni ◽  
Natalia Díaz-Rodríguez ◽  
Hannie Gijlers ◽  
Linda Tonolli
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Review Analysis

This paper reviews the literature concerning technology used for creating and delivering accessible museum and cultural heritage sites experiences. It highlights the importance of the delivery suited for everyone from different areas of expertise, namely interaction design, pedagogical and participatory design, and it presents how recent and future artificial intelligence (AI) developments can be used for this aim, i.e.,improving and widening online and in situ accessibility. From the literature review analysis, we articulate a conceptual framework that incorporates key elements that constitute museum and cultural heritage online experiences and how these elements are related to each other. Concrete opportunities for future directions empirical research for accessibility of cultural heritage contents are suggested and further discussed.

scholarly journals The Leading Digital Technology Companies and Their Approach to Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6612
Author(s):  
Peter Jones ◽  
Martin Wynn
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Sustainable Future

The increasingly stellar attraction of the digital technologies and the growing, though not universal, consensus of the need to build a sustainable future, are two powerful trends within society. The aim of this article is to offer an exploratory review of how the leading companies within the digital transformation market have addressed sustainable development. As such, the article’s originality and value lie in offering a review of current corporate thinking within that market. The study adopts an inductive, qualitative approach based on an examination of published company reports, and identifies six major sustainability themes being actively promoted and supported. The article concludes that the current sustainability objectives of the technology companies are driven as much by commercial reality as any altruistic motives, and that support and promotion of the circular economy may offer the best opportunity for digital technologies to meaningfully impact sustainable development.

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