scholarly journals Employers’ Mutuals and Accident Insurance Scheme in Spain: From Rejection to Control and Collaboration (1966–1990)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
MARGARITA VILAR-RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
JERÒNIA PONS-PONS
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Accident ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Franco Regime ◽  
And Control ◽  
Franco Dictatorship ◽  
The Welfare State

This article discusses the role of employers and their organizations in promoting or hindering social insurance schemes and, ultimately, the welfare state. Unlike most studies that center on countries in periods of democracy, this research focuses on the role of employers, and specifically employers’ mutuals, in the development of the industrial accident scheme during the Franco dictatorship in Spain. The institutional elimination of the class struggle, by repressing the working class and prohibiting class-based unions, led to an evolution of the industrial accident scheme and employers’ liabilities that revolved around the interrelationship between employers and the state. While employers tried to keep control of the management and low cost of the insurance, the state maintained significant bureaucratic intervention and increased auditing and control. The democratic period that began in 1977 prolonged the structure fostered during the Franco regime and enhanced the power of the mutuals in managing this insurance.

Nouveaux principes de référence et différenciation des arbitrages politiques : le cas des politiques à l'égard des sans-emploi

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Boismenu ◽  
Pascale Dufour
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
Reference Et ◽  
The Welfare State

AbstractThis article underlines three principles of reference that renew discourse on and comprehension of the role of the state in social protection towards unemployed people. At a certain level of abstraction, those principles of reference are present in many countries. They lead to label and to understand situations in different terms of which we were familiar during the Welfare State apogee. At the same time, they permit and open up to various political orientations and mechanisms of implementation. This dualism is emphasized. Four countries are referenced for this discussion: Canada, France, Germany and Sweden. The study considers the way in which problems are stated in their principles and the implementation of programmes. Policies and programmes implemented reveal logics of intervention which suggest different ways to consider the articulation between the « integrated area » and the « excluded area » of the society.

scholarly journals IS THERE CIVIL SOCIETY IN BANGLADESH?

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
M. S. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control ◽  
Local Levels

Сivil society is a group of people excluded from the government and the army and providing a counterbalance and control of the state at the national and local levels in the country. In Bangladesh, since independence in 1971, civil society organizations have been successfully involved in social development, but they have been criticized not to be able promote democracy in Bangladesh because of their support for political parties. Therefore, it impedes strong opposition to corruption and non-democratic activities in the country. In this article, using the historical method, the author analyzes the features and role of civil society in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals The role of tourism and hospitality companies in ensuring an effective internship process

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agita Doniņa
Keyword(s):  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
The State ◽  
Employability Skills ◽  
Job Assignment ◽  
Hospitality Education ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality Industry ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
And Control

Tourism and hospitality education has only been provided in Latvia as a separate curriculum relatively recently. According to legislation, the curriculum should consist of study courses, internships and the state exam. Cooperation between all stakeholders is crucial in order to achieve the goal of internship – to increase students’ knowledge and  to develop skills in the study area chosen. The purpose of this study is to explore cooperation between higher educational establishments and companies targeted at enhancing students’ employability skills. The survey was conducted in Latvia by addressing managers of 154 tourism and hospitality industry companies in 2014. The findings showed that only 51.30% of the companies plan interns’ job assignment during internship on the basis of an internship programme and in 35.06% of the cases higher educational establishments do not contact internship companies for feedback at all. This means that, despite the importance of internships in developing students’ skills, cooperation among all stakeholders does not proceed in the best possible manner. It is suggested to improve cooperation at all stages of internship –  at the  planning, organisational and control stages.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Money Management and Control in the State General Authority on Minors and Similar Persons' Funds: An Analytical Study: كفاءة إدارة الأموال والرقابة عليها في الهيئة العامة للولاية على أموال القاصرين  ومن في حكمهم: دراسة تحليلية

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SAUD AYED ALSHAHRANI, ALI MUFREH SARHAN
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Money Management ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
And Control

    There is no doubt that the guardianship of the funds of orphans, minors and the like is of the utmost importance, which the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has given keen attention in all respects and has established for this purpose the State General Authority on the funds of minors and the like. And the extent to which it can carry out the objectives for which it was established. Where the purely objectives were, to identify ways to manage these funds. Evaluate the management of these funds and their ability to achieve the purpose of the street, which governs the details and mechanisms of the Authority's work. As well as to identify the role of the supervisory bodies in the maintenance of funds that fall within the competence of the General Authority of the State. The researcher used the analytical research methodology, which was limited to studying the theoretical framework for dealing with the funds of orphans, minors and the like in light of the executive regulations of the Authority. Also, the supervisory principles governing the guarantee and safe keeping and development of such funds. The study concluded that the answer to the research questions was that there is a good management of funds that fall under the mandate of the Commission to ensure their preservation? In addition, what is the role of the financial control bodies stipulated in the Authority's system in preserving these funds and ensuring their safety? In response to the first question, the study finds that the Authority, despite the efforts it is doing, is skeptical in its work, but may be tainted by some shortcomings, represented by some observations on the executive bylaw. Most importantly, the list did not address the termination of the mandate, which emerged as one of the main stages in the legal framework and control. In response to the second question, the Commission did not clarify the mechanisms of control over those funds. The study came up with a number of recommendations, most notably the addition of an article in the executive regulations stating the mechanism of refunding the beneficiaries in case of termination.

scholarly journals “Our Architecture Has Long Acquired Global Significance”: International Contacts of the Union of Soviet Architects in the 1930s

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-139
Author(s):  
E. V. Konysheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Direct Object ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
And Control

The article is focused on the international contacts of the Soviet architecture in the 1930s. The direct object of the research is the cross-border communications of the Union of Soviet Architects: the tasks and forms of contacts of Soviet architects with foreign colleagues and institutions, as well as the role of the Union of Architects in this process; mechanisms of interaction with the authorities and tactics of the professional community in the context of regulation and control of international relations; conflicting nodes of state and professional interests. It is shown that in its international contacts, the Union of Architects did not appear as an independent actor, as it did not have institutional independence in international communications, autonomy in decision-making and its own resources for the implementation of projects. The institutional nature of the interaction prevailed; personal contacts were minimized and included into collective strategies. The international activity of the Union of Architects was part of the state policy of “cultural diplomacy” and had not only a professional, but also a propaganda-ideological component. The authorities ignored the professional motives of the architectural community if they did not coincide with governmental tasks. However, it is shown that the Union of Architects had its own tactics and realized its professional interests, using the interest of the state in a particular project. As a result, the thesis is presented that state regulation and total control sharply narrowed the possibilities of cross-border communications of the architectural community, distorted their forms and contents, but did not destroy them. The discovery and study of new documents shows that the myth of the cultural autarchy of the Stalinist USSR is not confirmed by the example of an architectural field.

scholarly journals ПИТАННЯ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ВІДНОСНО ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЙОГО ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ

2019 ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
N. R. Asadullina
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Local Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Public Servants

In the article there considered the issues of theoretical underlying reasons of public administration as an element of management system of society, the issues of combination of self-management and public management, in dependence of forms of participation of the state in economy from head institutions. The purpose of the research is the mapping of the main directions of public management and administration, in order to find ways to improve its efficiency and effec-tiveness. The object of research – the process of public administration in the country of state-owned objects, as well as ways to improve its efficiency. The methods used in the research – logical, comparative, analytical, scientific and methodological. The hypothesis of the research is the ways to improve the efficiency of public administration depend on the qualifications of management personnel and feedback from the local population. The statement of basic materials. The economic conversions which carried out in Uzbekistan have beck directed to dismantling of the institutes resisting to the market, and active formation of the new institutional struc-tures inherent in preferentially market public systems. Gradualness and sequence of the re-formatory steps excluding shock components for economy and population and providing a necessary social insurance of transformational risks are the feature of transformational model of Uzbekistan. The originality and practical significance of the research. The choice of model of public admin-istration in economy is inevitably connected by geopolitical priorities and ideas of the place of the country in the modern world. It means that exert impact on institutes of management and an assessment of management efficiency and political factors which are in turn subdivided on internal political are, first of all, support by the population of the idea of the state independence. Conclusions of the research. Further improvement of public admin-istration assumes improvement of legal base of administrative activity (from a position of in-terests of public servants), necessary guaran-tees and incentives, standardization of their activity as most complex, responsible and skilled work, and maximum informatization of administrative decisions. Such approach as-sumes formation of special legislation on pub-lic service, development of the quality stand-ards of state services, electronic forms of low-cost and transparent forms of interaction with economic entities and citizens.

scholarly journals Reflections on the role of less-than-comprehensive (exclusionary) private health insurance hospital products in the Australian healthcare system

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
The Public ◽  
Insurance Policies ◽  
Exclusionary Policies ◽  
First Time

The number of people in Australia that are currently covered by a hospital private health insurance product continues to rise every quarter. In September 2010, for the first time since the introduction of the public universal social insurance scheme, Medicare, more than 10 million persons in Australia are covered by private health insurance. Although the number of persons covered by private health insurance continues to grow, the quality and level of cover that members are holding is changing significantly. In an effort to limit premium rises and to reduce the benefits paid for treatment, private health insurers have introduced, and moved a large number of existing members to, less-than-comprehensive private health insurance policies. These policies, known as ‘exclusionary’ policies, are changing the dynamics of private health insurance in Australia. After examining the emergence and prevalence of these products, this commentary gives three different examples to illustrate how such products are changing the nature of private health insurance in Australia and are now set to create a series of policy issues that will require future attention.

Spain during the Transition from Dictatorship to Democracy

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-374
Author(s):  
SUSANA SUEIRO SEOANE
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
Franco Regime ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
The Welfare State

Paloma Aguilar, Memory and Amnesia. The Role of the Spanish Civil War in the Transition to Democracy (Oxford and New York: Berghahn, 2002), 330 pp., $27.95 (pb), ISBN 1-571-814965.Pilar Ortuño Anaya, European Socialists and Spain: The Transition to Democracy (London: Palgrave, 2002), 273pp., $69.95 (hb), ISBN 0-333-94927-7.Julio Crespo MacLennan, Spain and the Process of European Integration, 1957–85. Political Change and Europeanism (London: Palgrave, 2000), 240 pp., £52.50 (hb), ISBN 0-333-928865.S. P. Mangen, Spanish Society after Franco: Regime Transition and the Welfare State (London: Palgrave, 2001), 254 pp., $65.00 (hb), ISBN 0-333-65462-5.Luis Moreno, The Federalization of Spain (London: Frank Cass, 2001), 192 pp., £17.50 (hb), ISBN 0-714-681644.

scholarly journals Welfare Theories in Family Politics

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Katalin Kristó
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Family Politics ◽  
Special Approach ◽  
The Welfare State

The welfare state is one of the most frequently used social scence terms that causes arguments or political discussions. The role of the state in the development of its social role has changed through time, and parallel with this, the term welfare state has changed too, as well as theories regarding the welfare state. In this study, the author’s main goal is to summarise the different theories of the welfare state. Following this, a special approach will be shown in terms of the categorization of the welfare state to show its role in a special welfare: i.e. in what ways does it supports families. This view has not received much attention in detail in the literature so far.

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